Current management options for latent tuberculosis: A review

Infection and Drug Resistance

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 163-173

  Norton, Brianna L ^a   Holland, David P ^a  

^a DUKE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Interferon gamma release assay; Isoniazid; Rifampin; Rifapentine; Tuberculin skin test

Indexed keywords

BCG VACCINE; ETHAMBUTOL; ISONIAZID; PLACEBO; PYRAZINAMIDE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; RIFABUTIN; RIFAMPICIN; RIFAPENTINE;

AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; BLEEDING; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DOSAGE SCHEDULE COMPARISON; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG ELIMINATION; DRUG FATALITY; DRUG FEVER; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG HYPERSENSITIVITY; DRUG INTERMITTENT THERAPY; DRUG MECHANISM; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FLU LIKE SYNDROME; HEPATITIS; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; INFECTION CONTROL; INFECTION PREVENTION; INFECTION RISK; INTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; LIVER TOXICITY; MONOTHERAPY; MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; NONHUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PATIENT MONITORING; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PURPURA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SIDE EFFECT; SKIN INDURATION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; TREATMENT DURATION; TUBERCULIN TEST;

EID: 84872897575     PISSN: 11786973     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2147/idr.s29180     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. World Health Organization. World Health Statistics 2012. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012. Available from: http://www.who.int/ gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2012/en/index.html. Accessed June 13, 2012.
2. Weis SE, Pogoda JM, Yang Z, et al. Transmission dynamics of tuberculosis in Tarrant county, Texas. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002; 166(1):36-42.
3. Small PM, Hopewell PC, Singh S P, et al. The epidemiology of tuberculosis in San Francisco. A population-based study using conventional and molecular methods. N Eng J Med. 1994;330(24): 1703-1709.
4. Goswami ND, Gadkowski LB, Piedrahita C, et al. Predictors of latent tuberculosis treatment initiation and completion at a US public health clinic: a prospective cohort study. BMC Public Health. 2012;12(1):468.
5. Sterling TR, Villarino ME, Borisov AS, et al; TB Trials Consortium PREVENT TB Study Team. Three months of rifapentine and isoni- azid for latent tuberculosis infection. N Eng J Med. 2011;365(23): 2155-2166.
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Targeted tuberculin testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2000;49(RR-6):1-51.
7. Pouchot J, Grasland A, Collet C, Coste J, Esdaile JM, Vinceneux P. Reliability of tuberculin skin test measurement. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126(3):210-214.
8. Bakir M, Millington KA, Soysal A, et al. Prognostic value of a T-cell-based, interferon-gamma biomarker in children with tuberculosis contact. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(11):777-787.
9. Diel R, Loddenkemper R, Meywald-Walter K, Niemann S, Nienhaus A. Predictive value of a whole blood IFN-gamma assay for the development of active tuberculosis disease after recent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2008;177(10): 1164-1170.
10. Leung CC, Ya m WC, Yew WW, et al. T-Spot.TB outperforms tuber- culin skin test in predicting tuberculosis disease. Am J Respir Crit. Care Med. 2010;182(6):834-840.
11. Pai M, Zwerling A, Menzies D. Systematic review: T-cell-based assays for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: an update. Ann Intern Med. 2008;149(3):177-184.
12. Mazurek GH, Jereb J, Vernon A, et al; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Updated guidelines for using Interferon Gamma Release Assays to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection-United States, 2010. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2010;59(RR-5):1-25.
13. Kipp AM, Stout JE, Hamilton CD, Van Rie A. Extrapulmonary tuberculosis, human immunodefciency virus, and foreign birth in North Carolina, 1993-2006. BMC Public Health. 2008;8:107.
14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevention and treatment of tuberculosis among patients infected with human immunodefciency virus: principles of therapy and revised recommendations. MMWR Recomm Rep. 1998;47(RR-20): 1-58.
15. Takayama K, Wang L, David HL. Effect of isoniazid on the in vivo mycolic acid synthesis, cell growth, and viability of mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents and Chemother. 1972;2(1):29-35.
16. Winder FG, Collins PB. Inhibition by isoniazid of synthesis of mycolic acids in mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Gen Microbiol. 1970;63(1): 41-48.
17. Holdiness MR. Clinical pharmacokinetics of the antituberculosis drugs. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1984;9(6):511-544.
18. Weber WW, Hein DW. Clinical pharmacokinetics of isoniazid. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1979;4(6):401-422.
19. Comstock GW, Baum C, Snider DE Jr. Isoniazid prophylaxis among Alaskan Eskimos: a fnal report of the bethel isoniazid studies. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979;119(5):827-830.
20. Comstock GW, Ferebee SH, Hammes LM. A controlled trial of community-wide isoniazid prophylaxis in Alaska. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1967;95(6):935-943.
21. Efficacy of various durations of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis: fve years of follow-up in the IUAT trial. International Union Against Tuberculosis Committee on Prophylaxis. Bull World Health Organ. 1982;60(4):555-564.
22. Comstock G W. How much isoniazid is needed for prevention of tuberculosis among immunocompetent adults? Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 1999;3(10):847-850.
23. Pape J W, Jean SS, Ho JL, Hafner A, Johnson WD Jr. Effect of isoniazid prophylaxis on incidence of active tuberculosis and progression of HIV infection. Lancet. 1993;342(8866):268-272.
24. Akolo C, Adetifa I, Shepperd S, Volmink J. Treatment of latent tuber- culosis infection in HIV infected persons. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;1:CD000171.
25. Samandari T, Agizew TB, Nyirenda S, et al. 6-month versus 36-month isoniazid preventive treatment for tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection in Botswana: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2011;377(9777):1588-1598.
26. Ferebee SH, Mount F W. Tuberculosis morbidity in a controlled trial of the prophylactic use of isoniazid among household contacts. Am Review Respir Dis. 1962;85:490-510.
27. Ockerman PA, Ryde C. Serum transaminase levels in pul- monary tuberculosis. Effect of triple treatment with 4-4 1-di- isoamyloxythiocarbanilide or PAS in combination with streptomycin and isoniazid. Scand J Respir Dis. 1968;49(1):35-41.
28. Berte SJ, Dimase JD, Christianson CS. Isoniazid, para-aminosalicylic acid, and streptomycin intolerance in 1,744 patients. An analysis of reactions to single drugs and drug groups plus data on multiple reactions, type and time of reactions, and desensitization. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1964; 90:598-606.
29. Scharer L, Smith J P. Serum transaminase elevations and other hepatic abnormalities in patients receiving isoniazid. Ann Intern Med. 1969;71(6):1113-1120.
30. Mitchell JR, Zimmerman HJ, Ishak KG, et al. Isoniazid liver injury: clinical spectrum, pathology, and probable pathogenesis. Ann Intern Med. 1976;84(2):181-192.
31. Byrd RB, Horn BR, Solomon DA, Griggs GA. Toxic effects of isoniazid in tuberculosis chemoprophylaxis. Role of biochemical monitoring in 1,000 patients. JAMA. 1979;241(12):1239-1241.
32. Kopanoff DE, Snider DE Jr, Caras GJ. Isoniazid-related hepatitis: a US Public Health Service cooperative surveillance study. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978;117(6):991-1001.
33. Efficacy of various durations of isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis: fve years of follow-up in the IUAT trial. International Union Against Tuberculosis Committee on Prophylaxis. Bull World Health Organ. 1982;60(4):555-564.
34. Salpeter SR. Fatal isoniazid-induced hepatitis. Its risk during chemoprophylaxis. West J Med. 1993;159(5):560-564.
35. Nolan CM, Goldberg S V, Buskin SE. Hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid preventive therapy: a 7-year survey from a public health tuberculosis clinic. JAMA. 1999;281(11):1014-1018.
36. LoBue PA, Moser KS. Use of isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infec- tion in a public health clinic. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;168(4): 443-447.
37. Oestreicher R, Dressler SH, Middlebrook G. Peripheral neuritis in tuberculous patients treated with isoniazid. Am Rev Tuberc. 1954; 70(3):504-508.
38. Snider DE Jr. Pyridoxine supplementation during isoniazid therapy. Tubercle. 1980;61(4):191-196.
39. Lecoeur HF, Truffot-Pernot C, Grosset JH. Experimental short-course preventive therapy of tuberculosis with rifampin and pyrazinamide. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1989;140(5):1189-1193.
40. A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of three antituberculosis chemoprophylaxis regimens in patients with silicosis in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Chest Service/Tuberculosis Research Centre, Madras/British Medical Research Council. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992; 145(1):36-41.
41. Polesky A, Farber H W, Gottlieb DJ, et al. Rifampin preventive therapy for tuberculosis in Boston's homeless. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;154(5):1473-1477.
42. Aspler A, Long R, Trajman A, et al. Impact of treatment completion, intolerance and adverse events on health system costs in a randomised trial of 4 months rifampin or 9 months isoniazid for latent TB. Thorax. 2010;65(7):582-587.
43. Menzies D, Dion MJ, Rabinovitch B, Mannix S, Brassard P, Schwartzman K. Treatment completion and costs of a randomized trial of rifampin for 4 months versus isoniazid for 9 months. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170(4):445-449.
44. Young H, Wessolossky M, Ellis J, Kaminski M, Daly JS. A retrospec- tive evaluation of completion rates, total cost, and adverse effects for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in a public health clinic in central massachusetts. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(3):424-427.
45. Holland D P, Sanders GD, Hamilton CD, Stout JE. Strategies for treating latent multiple-drug resistant tuberculosis: a decision analysis. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e30194.
46. Blumberg HM, Burman WJ, Chaisson RE, et al; American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Infectious Dis- eases Society. American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America: treatment of tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167(4):603-662.
47. Livengood Jr, Sigler TG, Foster LR, Bobst JG, Snider DE Jr. Isoniazid- resistant tuberculosis: A community outbreak and report of a rifampin prophylaxis failure. JAMA. 1985;253(19):2847-2849.
48. Martinson NA, Barnes GL, Moulton LH, et al. New regimens to pre- vent tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection. N Eng J Med. 2011; 365(1):11-20.
49. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Update: Fatal and severe liver injuries associated with rifampin and pyrazinamide treat- ment for latent tuberculosis infection. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002;51(44):998-999.
50. cdc.gov. Managing drug interactions in the treatment of HIV-related tuberculosis Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [updated July 1, 2010]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/guidelines/TB_HIV_Drugs/RoleofRifamycins.htm. Accessed October 2, 2012.
51. Page KR, Sifakis F, Montes de Oca R, et al. Improved adherence and less toxicity with rifampin vs isoniazid for treatment of latent tuberculosis: a retrospective study. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(17):1863-1870.
52. Ziakas PD, Mylonakis E. 4 months of rifampin compared with 9 months of isoniazid for the management of latent tuberculosis infection: a meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness study that focuses on compliance and liver toxicity. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49(12):1883-1889.
53. A controlled trial of daily and intermittent rifampicin plus ethambutol in the retreatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: results up to 30 months. Tubercle. 1975;56(3):179-189.
54. Aquinas M, Allan WG, Horsfall PA, et al. Adverse reactions to daily and intermittent rifampicin regimens for pulmonary tuberculosis in Hong Kong. Br Med J. 1972;1(5803):765-771.
55. Poole G, Stradling P, Worlledge S. Potentially serious side effects of high- dose twice-weekly rifampicin. Br Med J. 1971;3(5770):343-347.
56. Zhang Y, Mitchison D. The curious characteristics of pyrazinamide: a review. Int J Tuberc Lung Disease. 2003;7(1):6-21.
57. Gordin F, Chaisson RE, Matts J P, et al. Rifampin and pyrazinamide vs isoniazid for prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons: an international randomized trial. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS, the Adult AIDS Clinical Trials Group, the Pan American Health Organization, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Study Group. JAMA. 2000;283(11):1445-1450.
58. Stout JE, Engemann JJ, Cheng AC, Fortenberry ER, Hamilton CD. Safety of 2 months of rifampin and pyrazinamide for treatment of latent tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2003;167(6):824-827.
59. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Fatal and severe hepatitis associated with rifampin and pyrazinamide for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection-New York and Georgia, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001;50(15):289-291.
60. Jasmer RM, Saukkonen JJ, Blumberg HM, et al; Short-Course Rifampin and Pyrazinamide for Tuberculosis Infection (SCRIPT) Study Investigators. Short-course rifampin and pyrazinamide compared with isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection: a multicenter clinical trial. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137(8):640-647.
61. Keung A, Eller MG, McKenzie KA, Weir SJ. Single and multiple dose pharmacokinetics of rifapentine in man: Part II. Int J Tuberc Lung Disease. 1999;3(5):437-444.
62. Ji B, Truffot-Pernot C, Lacroix C, et al. Effectiveness of rifampin, rifabutin, and rifapentine for preventive therapy of tuberculosis in mice. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993;148(6 Pt 1):1541-1546.
63. Miyazaki E, Chaisson RE, Bishai WR. Analysis of rifapentine for preventive therapy in the Cornell mouse model of latent tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999;43(9):2126-2130.
64. Nuermberger E, Tyagi S, Williams KN, Rosenthal I, Bishai WR, Grosset JH. Rifapentine, moxifoxacin, or DNA vaccine improves treatment of latent tuberculosis in a mouse model. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;172(11):1452-1456.
65. Zhang T, Zhang M, Rosenthal IM, Grosset JH, Nuermberger EL. Short-course therapy with daily rifapentine in a murine model of latent tuberculosis infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;180(11): 1151-1157.
66. Schechter M, Zajdenverg R, Falco G, et al. Weekly rifapentine/ isoniazid or daily rifampin/pyrazinamide for latent tuberculosis in household contacts. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2006;173(8): 922-926.
67. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Recommendations for use of an isoniazid-rifapentine regimen with direct observation to treat latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2011;60(48):1650-1653.
68. Holland D P, Sanders GD, Hamilton CD, Stout JE. Costs and cost-effectiveness of four treatment regimens for latent tuberculosis infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009;179(11):1055-1060.
69. Horn DL, Hewlett D Jr, Alfalla C, Peterson S, Opal SM. Limited tolerance of ofloxacin and pyrazinamide prophylaxis against tuberculosis. N Engl J Med. 1994;330(17):1241.
70. Lou HX, Shullo MA, McKaveney TP. Limited tolerability of levofoxacin and pyrazinamide for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis prophylaxis in a solid organ transplant population. Pharmacotherapy. 2002;22(6):701-704.
71. Ridzon R, Meador J, Maxwell R, Higgins K, Weismuller P, Onorato IM. Asymptomatic hepatitis in persons who received alternative pre- ventive therapy with pyrazinamide and ofoxacin. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24(6):1264-1265.
72. Younossian AB, Rochat T, Ketterer JP, Wacker J, Janssens JP. High hepatotoxicity of pyrazinamide and ethambutol for treatment of latent tuberculosis. Eur Respir J. 2005;26(3):462-464.
73. Comstock GW. Frost revisited: the modern epidemiology of tuberculosis. Am J Epidemiol. 1975;101(5):363-382.
74. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Trends in tuberculosis-United States, 2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(11):181-185.
75. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Guide for Primary Health Care Providers. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/ltbi/treatment.htm. Accessed November 13, 2012.
76. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Latent Tuberculosis Infec- tion: A Guide for Primary Health Care Providers. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/ltbi/diagnosis.htm. Accessed November 13, 2012.