The pursuit of happiness can be lonely

Emotion

Volumn 12, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 908-912

  Mauss, Iris B ^a   Savino, Nicole S ^a   Anderson, Craig L ^b   Weisbuch, Max ^a   Tamir, Maya ^c,d   Laudenslager, Mark L ^e  

^a UNIVERSITY OF DENVER   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM   (Israel)

^d BOSTON COLLEGE   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

Emotion regulation; Loneliness; Progesterone; Pursuit of happiness; Well being

Indexed keywords

PROGESTERONE;

ADULT; AFFECT; ARTICLE; CORRELATION ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HAPPINESS; HUMAN; INTUITION; LONELINESS; MALE; PROGESTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; SELF REPORT; SOCIAL INTERACTION; SOCIAL STATUS;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; FEMALE; GOALS; HAPPINESS; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; LONELINESS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PERSONAL SATISFACTION; PROGESTERONE; SALIVA; SELF REPORT;

EID: 84872888327     PISSN: 15283542     EISSN: 19311516     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0025299     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Bargh, J. A., & Barndollar, K. (1996). Automaticity in action: The unconscious as repository of chronic goals and motives. In P. M. Gollwitzer & J. A. Bargh (Eds.), The psychology of action (pp. 457-471). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
2. Bolger, N., Davis, A., & Rafaeli, E. (2003). Diary methods: Capturing life as it is lived. Annual Review of Psychology, 54, 579-616. doi:10.1146/ annurev.psych.54.101601.145030
3. Brown, S. L., Fredrickson, B. L., Wirth, M. M., Poulin, M. J., Meier, E. A., Heaphy, E. D.,... Schultheiss, O. C. (2009). Social closeness increases salivary progesterone in humans. Hormones and Behavior, 56, 108-111. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2009.03.022
4. Brunstein, J. C., Schultheiss, O. C., & Grässman, R. (1998). Personal goals and emotional well-being: The moderating role of motive dispositions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 494-508. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.75.2.494
5. Cacioppo, J. T., Hughes, M. E., Waite, L. J., Hawkley, L. C., & Thisted, R. A. (2006). Loneliness as a specific risk factor for depressive symptoms: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Psychology and Aging, 21, 140-151. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.1.140
6. Crocker, J., & Park, L. E. (2004). The costly pursuit of self-esteem. Psychological Bulletin, 130, 392-414. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.130 .3.392
7. Diener, E. (2000). The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55, 34-43. doi:10.1037/0003066X.55.1.34
8. DiPietro, J. A., Costigan, K. A., Kivlighan, K. T., Chen, P., & Laudenslager, M. L. (2011). Maternal salivary cortisol differs by fetal sex during the second half of pregnancy. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36, 588-591. doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.09.005
9. Fredrickson, B. L. (1998). What good are positive emotions? Review of General Psychology, 2, 300-319. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.2.3.300
10. Gozansky, W. S., Lynn, J. S., Laudenslager, M. L., & Kohrt, W. M. (2005). Salivary cortisol determined by enzyme immunoassay is preferable to serum total cortisol for assessment of dynamic hypothalamic-pituitary- adrenal axis activity. Clinical Endocrinology, 63, 336-341.
11. Gruber, J., Mauss, I. B., & Tamir, M. (2011). A dark side of happiness? How, when, and why happiness is not always good. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 6, 222-233. doi:10.1177/1745691611406927
12. Keltner, D. (2009). Born to be good: The science of a meaningful life. New York, NY: Norton.
13. Liening, S. H., Stanton, S. J., Saini, E. K., & Schultheiss, O. C. (2010). Salivary testosterone, cortisol, and progesterone: Two-week stability, interhormone correlations, and effects of time of day, menstrual cycle, and oral contraceptive use on steroid hormone levels. Physiology and Behavior, 99, 8-16. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.10.001
14. Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005). The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success? Psychological Bulletin, 131, 803-855. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803
15. Mauss, I. B., Tamir, M., Anderson. C. L., & Savino, N. S. (2011). Can seeking happiness make people unhappy? Paradoxical effects of valuing happiness. Emotion, 11, 807-815. doi:10.1037/a0022010
16. Myers, D. G. (2000). The funds, friends, and faith of happy people. American Psychologist, 55, 56-67. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.56
17. Paulhus, D. L. (1984). Two-component models of socially desirable responding. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 598-609. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.46.3.598
18. Raudenbush, S. W., & Bryk, A. S. (2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
19. Robinson, M. D., & Clore, G. L. (2002). Episodic and semantic knowledge in emotional self report: Evidence for two judgment processes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83, 198-215. doi:10.1037/00223514.83.1.198
20. Schooler, J. W., Ariely, D., & Loewenstein, G. (2003). The pursuit and assessment of happiness can be self-defeating. In I. Brocas & J. Carillo (Eds.), The psychology of economic decision (pp. 41-70). New York, NY: Oxford.
21. Schultheiss, O. C., Wirth, M. M., & Stanton, S. J. (2004). Effects of affiliation and power motivation arousal on salivary progesterone and testosterone. Hormones and Behavior, 45, 592-599. doi:10.1016/ j.yhbeh.2004.07.005
22. Steverink, N., & Lindenberg, S. (2006). Which social needs are important for subjective well-being? What happens to them with aging? Psychology and Aging, 21, 281-290. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.281
23. Taylor, S. E. (2006). Tend and befriend: Biobehavioral bases of affiliation under stress. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 15, 273-277. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2006.00451.x
24. Uchida, Y., Norasakkunkit, V., & Kitayama, S. (2004). Cultural constructions of happiness: Theory and empirical evidence. Journal of Happiness Studies, 5, 223-239. doi:10.1007/s10902-004-8785-9
25. Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scale. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.6.1063