Nanoclay gelation approach toward improved dye-sensitized solar cell efficiencies: An investigation of charge transport and shift in the TiO 2 conduction band

ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Volumn 5, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 444-450

  Wang, Xiu ^a   Kulkarni, Sneha A ^b   Ito, Bruno Ieiri ^c   Batabyal, Sudip K ^b   Nonomura, Kazuteru ^b,d   Wong, Chee Cheong ^a   Grätzel, Michael ^d,e   Mhaisalkar, Subodh G ^a,b,d   Uchida, Satoshi ^c  

^a NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^b NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^c UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^d NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

^e EPFL   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

anionic nanoclay; dye sensitized solar cells (DSCs); gel electrolyte; hydrotalcite; quasi solid state

Indexed keywords

DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELL; GEL ELECTROLYTE; HYDROTALCITES; NANO CLAYS; QUASI-SOLID STATE;

CONDUCTION BANDS; CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; DIFFUSION; EFFICIENCY; GELATION; LIQUIDS; NANOCOMPOSITES; NITRATES; OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS; SOLAR CELLS; TITANIUM DIOXIDE;

ELECTROLYTES;

EID: 84872839887     PISSN: 19448244     EISSN: 19448252     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/am3025454     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. O'Regan, B.; Gratzel, M. Nature 1991, 353 (6346) 737-740
2. Gratzel, M. Nature 2001, 414 (6861) 338-344
3. Muduli, S.; Lee, W.; Dhas, V.; Mujawar, S.; Dubey, M.; Vijayamohanan, K.; Han, S.-H.; Ogale, S. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2009, 1 (9) 2030-2035
4. Meekins, B. H.; Kamat, P. V. ACS Nano 2009, 3 (11) 3437-3446
5. Tai, Q.; Chen, B.; Guo, F.; Xu, S.; Hu, H.; Sebo, B.; Zhao, X.-Z. ACS Nano 2011, 5 (5) 3795-3799
6. Kim, J. Y.; Noh, J. H.; Zhu, K.; Halverson, A. F.; Neale, N. R.; Park, S.; Hong, K. S.; Frank, A. J. ACS Nano 2011, 5 (4) 2647-2656
7. Sun, L.; Zhang, S.; Wang, X.; Sun, X. W.; Ong, D. Y.; Kyaw, A. K. K. Energy Environ. Sci. 2011, 4, 2240-2248
8. Yella, A.; Lee, H.-W.; Tsao, H. N.; Yi, C.; Chandiran, A. K.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Diau, E. W.-G.; Yeh, C.-Y.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Grätzel, M. Science 2011, 334 (6056) 629-634
9. Green, M. A.; Emery, K.; Hishikawa, Y.; Warta, W. Prog. Photovolt. Res. Appl. 2011, 19 (1) 84-92
10. Michael, G. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 2004, 164 (1-3) 3-14
11. Bach, U.; Lupo, D.; Comte, P.; Moser, J. E.; Weissortel, F.; Salbeck, J.; Spreitzer, H.; Gratzel, M. Nature 1998, 395 (6702) 583-585
12. Wang, P.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Moser, J. E.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Sekiguchi, T.; Gratzel, M. Nat. Mater. 2003, 2 (6) 402-407
13. Wu, J. H.; Hao, S. C.; Lan, Z.; Lin, J. M.; Huang, M. L.; Huang, Y. F.; Fang, L. Q.; Yin, S.; Sato, T. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2007, 17 (15) 2645-2652
14. Mulmudi, H. K.; Batabyal, S. K.; Rao, M.; Prabhakar, R. R.; Mathews, N.; Lam, Y. M.; Mhaisalkar, S. G. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 19307-19309
15. Leijtens, T.; Ding, I.-K.; Giovenzana, T.; Bloking, J. T.; McGehee, M. D.; Sellinger, A. ACS Nano 2012, 6 (2) 1455-1462
16. Stathatos, E.; Lianos, P.; Lavrencic-Stangar, U.; Orel, B. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14 (5) 354-357
17. Stergiopoulos, T.; Arabatzis, I. M.; Katsaros, G.; Falaras, P. Nano Lett. 2002, 2 (11) 1259-1261
18. Gui, E. L.; Kang, A. M.; Pramana, S. S.; Yantara, N.; Mathews, N.; Mhaisalkar, S. G. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2012, 159 (s3) B247-B250
19. Wu, J.; Lan, Z.; Hao, S.; Li, P.; Lin, J.; Huang, M.; Fang, L.; Huang, Y. Pure Appl. Chem. 2008, 80 (11) 2241-2258
20. Katakabe, T.; Kawano, R.; Watanabe, M. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2007, 10 (6) F23-F25
21. Usui, H.; Matsui, H.; Tanabe, N.; Yanagida, S. J. Photochem. Photobiol., A 2004, 164 (1-3) 97-101
22. Wang, P.; Zakeeruddin, S. M.; Comte, P.; Exnar, I.; Grätzel, M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125 (5) 1166-1167
23. Jung, Y.; Son, Y.-H.; Lee, J.-K.; Phuoc, T. X.; Soong, Y.; Chyu, M. k. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2011, 3 (9) 3515-3522
24. Lotsch, B. V.; Ozin, G. A. ACS Nano 2008, 2 (10) 2065-2074
25. Tu, C.-W.; Liu, K.-Y.; Chien, A.-T.; Yen, M.-H.; Weng, T. H.; Ho, K.-C.; Lin, K.-F. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2008, 46 (1) 47-53
26. Park, J. H.; Kim, B.-W.; Moon, J. H. Electrochem. Solid-State Lett. 2008, 11 (10) B171-B173
27. Tsui, M.-C.; Tung, Y.-L.; Tsai, S.-Y.; Lan, C.-W. J. Sol. Energy Eng. 2011, 133 (1) 011002
28. Inoue, T.; Uchida, S.; Kubo, T.; Segawa, H. Presented at the 2009 MRS Fall Meeting, Paper No. R9.4, Boston, MA, Dec. 3, 2009
29. Ghosh, P. K.; Bard, A. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105 (17) 5691-5693
30. Fitch, A. Clays Clay Miner. 1990, 39 (4) 391-400
31. Misra, C.; Perrotta, A. J. Clays Clay Miner. 1992, 40 (2) 145-150
32. Chen, C.-L.; Teng, H.; Lee, Y.-L. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23 (36) 4199-4204
33. Nogueira, A. F.; Longo, C.; Paoli, M.-A. D. Coord. Chem. Rev. 2004, 248, 1455-1468
34. Kubo, W.; Kambe, S.; Nakade, S.; Kitamura, T.; Hanabusa, K.; Wada, Y.; Yanagida, S. J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107 (18) 4374-4381
35. Kawano, R.; Watanabe, M. Chem. Commun. (Cambridge, U.K.) 2003, 3, 330-331
36. Rowley, J. G.; Farnum, B. H.; Ardo, S.; Meyer, G. J. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2010, 1, 3132-3140
37. Jeon, J.; Kim, H.; Goddard, W. A.; Pascal, T. A.; Lee, G.-I.; Kang, J. K. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 556-559
38. Kang, M.-S.; Ahn, K.-S.; Lee, J.-W. J. Power Sources 2008, 180 (2) 896-901
39. Nazmutdinova, G.; Sensfuss, S.; Schrodner, M.; Hinsch, A.; Sastrawan, R.; Gerhard, D.; Himmler, S.; Wasserscheid, P. Solid State Ionics 2006, 177 (35-36) 3141-3146
40. Ghosh, P. K.; Bard, A. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1983, 105, 5691-5693
41. Ghosh, P. K.; Mau, A. W.-H.; Bard, A. J. J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1984, 169, 315-317
42. White, J. R.; Bard, A. J. J. Electroanal. Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 1986, 197, 233-244
43. Furlani, C.; Mattogno, G.; Polzonetti, G.; Barbieri, R.; Rivarola, E.; Silvestri, A. Inorg. Chim. Acta 1981, 52, 23-28
44. Gaarenstroom, S. W.; Winograd, N. J. Chem. Phys. 1977, 67 (8) 3500-3507
45. Miyata, S. Clays Clay Miner. 1983, 31 (4) 305-311
46. Hagfeldt, A.; Boschloo, G.; Sun, L.; Kloo, L.; Pettersson, H. Chem. Rev. (Washington, DC, U.S.) 2010, 110, 6595-6663
47. Gratzel, M.; Durran, J. R. Nanostructured and Photoelectrochemical Systems for Solar Photon Conversion; World Scientific: Singapore, 2008.
48. Boschloo, G.; Haggman, L.; Hagfeldt, A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110, 13144-13150
49. Mora-Sero, I.; Bisquert, J. Nano Lett. 2003, 3 (7) 945-949
50. Hagberg, D. P.; Jiang, X.; Gabrielsson, E.; Linder, M.; Marinado, T.; Brinck, T.; Hagfeldt, A.; Sun, L. J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 7232-7238
51. Matar, F.; Ghaddar, T. H.; Walley, K.; DosSantos, T.; Durrant, J. R.; O'Regan, B. J. Mater. Chem. 2008, 18 (36) 4246-4253
52. Yang, S.-H.; Wu, K.-L.; Chi, Y.; Cheng, Y.-M.; Chou, P.-T. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 50, 8270-8274.
53. Sun, Y.; Onicha, A. C.; Myahkostupov, M.; Castellano, F. N. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2010, 2 (7) 2039-2045
54. Angelis, F. D.; Fantacci, S.; Mosconi, E.; Nazeeruddin, M. K.; Gratzel, M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2011, 115, 8825-8831
55. Marinado, T.; Hagberg, D. P.; Hedlund, M.; Edvinsson, T.; Johansson, E. M. J.; Boschloo, G.; Rensmo, H.; Brinck, T.; Sun, L.; Hagfeldt, A. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2009, 11, 133-141
56. Wegrzyn, A.; Rafalska-Lasocha, A.; Majda, D.; Dziembaj, R.; Papp, H. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 2010, 99, 443-457