메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 116, Issue 3-4, 2013, Pages 457-477

Climate change at the ecosystem scale: A 50-year record in New Hampshire

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ECOSYSTEMS;

EID: 84872658823     PISSN: 01650009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10584-012-0517-2     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (42)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 33646344974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation
    • doi: 10. 1029/2005JD006290
    • Alexander LV, Zhang X, Peterson TC et al (2006) Global observed changes in daily climate extremes of temperature and precipitation. J Geophys Res 111: 1-22. doi: 10. 1029/2005JD006290.
    • (2006) J Geophys Res , vol.111 , pp. 1-22
    • Alexander, L.V.1    Zhang, X.2    Peterson, T.C.3
  • 2
    • 26944456988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns and general characteristics of severe forest dieback from 1950 to 1995 in the northeastern United States
    • doi:10.1139/x05-066
    • Auclair AND (2005) Patterns and general characteristics of severe forest dieback from 1950 to 1995 in the northeastern United States. Can J For Res 35: 1342-1355. doi: 10. 1139/x05-066.
    • (2005) Can J For Res , vol.35 , pp. 1342-1355
    • Auclair, A.N.D.1
  • 4
    • 41949128396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rapid upward shift of a forest ecotone during 40 years of warming in the Green Mountains of Vermont
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.0708921105
    • Beckage B, Osborne B, Gavin DG, Pucko C, Siccama T, Perkins T (2008) A rapid upward shift of a forest ecotone during 40 years of warming in the Green Mountains of Vermont. Proc Nat Acad Sci 105: 4197-4202. doi: 10. 1073/pnas. 0708921105.
    • (2008) Proc Nat Acad Sci , vol.105 , pp. 4197-4202
    • Beckage, B.1    Osborne, B.2    Gavin, D.G.3    Pucko, C.4    Siccama, T.5    Perkins, T.6
  • 5
    • 33745152307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial extent of winter thaw events in eastern North America: historical weather records in relation to yellow birch decline
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00956.x
    • Borque CP, Cox RM, Allen DJ, Arp PA, Meng FR (2005) Spatial extent of winter thaw events in eastern North America: historical weather records in relation to yellow birch decline. Global Change Biol 11: 1477-1492. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1365-2486. 2005. 00956. x.
    • (2005) Global Change Biol , vol.11 , pp. 1477-1492
    • Borque, C.P.1    Cox, R.M.2    Allen, D.J.3    Arp, P.A.4    Meng, F.R.5
  • 7
    • 58149229310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in wintertime climate in the northeastern United States: 1965-2005
    • doi:10.1029/2008JD009870
    • Burakowski EA, Wake CP, Braswell B, Brown DP (2008) Trends in wintertime climate in the northeastern United States: 1965-2005. J Geophys Res 113: D20114. doi: 10. 1029/2008JD009870.
    • (2008) J Geophys Res , vol.113
    • Burakowski, E.A.1    Wake, C.P.2    Braswell, B.3    Brown, D.P.4
  • 8
    • 64849098293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America
    • doi:10.1139/X08-104
    • Campbell JL, Rustad LE, Boyer EW et al (2009) Consequences of climate change for biogeochemical cycling in forests of northeastern North America. Can J For Res 39: 264-284. doi: 10. 1139/X08-104.
    • (2009) Can J For Res , vol.39 , pp. 264-284
    • Campbell, J.L.1    Rustad, L.E.2    Boyer, E.W.3
  • 9
    • 77955481691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past and projected future changes in snowpack and soil frost at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA
    • doi:10.1002/hyp.7666
    • Campbell JL, Ollinger SV, Flerchinger GN, Wicklein H, Hayhoe K, Bailey AS (2010) Past and projected future changes in snowpack and soil frost at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA. Hydrol Proc 24: 2465-2480. doi: 10. 1002/hyp. 7666.
    • (2010) Hydrol Proc , vol.24 , pp. 2465-2480
    • Campbell, J.L.1    Ollinger, S.V.2    Flerchinger, G.N.3    Wicklein, H.4    Hayhoe, K.5    Bailey, A.S.6
  • 10
    • 35348998346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional Climate Projections
    • S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K. B. Averyt, M. Tignor, and H. L. Miller (Eds.), New York: Cambridge University Press
    • Christensen JH, Hewitson B, Busuioc A et al (2007) Regional Climate Projections. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (eds) Climate Change 2007: the physical science basis. Cambridge University Press, New York.
    • (2007) Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis
    • Christensen, J.H.1    Hewitson, B.2    Busuioc, A.3
  • 11
    • 31544445485 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nature's style: naturally trendy
    • doi:10.1029/2005GL024476
    • Cohn TA, Lins HF (2005) Nature's style: naturally trendy. Geophys Res Lett 32: L23402. doi: 10. 1029/2005GL024476.
    • (2005) Geophys Res Lett , vol.32
    • Cohn, T.A.1    Lins, H.F.2
  • 12
    • 0036761903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent changes in frost days and the frost-free season in the United States
    • Easterling DR (2002) Recent changes in frost days and the frost-free season in the United States. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 83: 1327-1332.
    • (2002) Bull Am Meteorol Soc , vol.83 , pp. 1327-1332
    • Easterling, D.R.1
  • 14
    • 34248338678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A geographically variable model of hemlock woolly adelgid spread
    • doi:10.1007/s10533-008-9256-x
    • Evans AM, Gregoire TG (2007) A geographically variable model of hemlock woolly adelgid spread. Biol Invas 9: 369-382. doi: 10. 1007/s10533-008-9256-x.
    • (2007) Biol Invas , vol.9 , pp. 369-382
    • Evans, A.M.1    Gregoire, T.G.2
  • 15
    • 17844410124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global temperature change and its uncertainties since 1861
    • doi:10.1029/2001GL012877
    • Folland CK, Rayner NA, Brown SJ et al (2001) Global temperature change and its uncertainties since 1861. Geophys Res Let 28: 2621-2624. doi: 10. 1029/2001GL012877.
    • (2001) Geophys Res Let , vol.28 , pp. 2621-2624
    • Folland, C.K.1    Rayner, N.A.2    Brown, S.J.3
  • 16
    • 0036327945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century
    • doi:10.3354/cr019193
    • Frich P, Alexander LV, Della-Marta P, Gleason P, Haylock M, Klein AMG, Peterson T (2002) Observed coherent changes in climatic extremes during the second half of the twentieth century. Clim Res 19: 193-212. doi: 10. 3354/cr019193.
    • (2002) Clim Res , vol.19 , pp. 193-212
    • Frich, P.1    Alexander, L.V.2    Della-Marta, P.3    Gleason, P.4    Haylock, M.5    Klein, A.M.G.6    Peterson, T.7
  • 18
    • 0035697851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colder soils in a warmer world: a snow manipulation study in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem
    • doi:10.1139/x84-173
    • Groffman PM, Driscoll CT, Fahey TJ, Hardy JP, Fitzhugh RD, Tierney GL (2001) Colder soils in a warmer world: a snow manipulation study in a northern hardwood forest ecosystem. Biogeochemistry 56: 135-150. doi: 10. 1139/x84-173.
    • (2001) Biogeochemistry , vol.56 , pp. 135-150
    • Groffman, P.M.1    Driscoll, C.T.2    Fahey, T.J.3    Hardy, J.P.4    Fitzhugh, R.D.5    Tierney, G.L.6
  • 20
    • 0023775894 scopus 로고
    • Historical decline of red spruce populations and climatic warming
    • doi:10.1038/331428a0
    • Hamburg SP, Cogbill CV (1988) Historical decline of red spruce populations and climatic warming. Nature 331: 428-431. doi: 10. 1038/331428a0.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.331 , pp. 428-431
    • Hamburg, S.P.1    Cogbill, C.V.2
  • 21
    • 33846328710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium addition at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest reduced winter injury to red spruce in a high-injury year
    • doi:10.1139/X06-221
    • Hawley GJ, Schaberg PG, Eagar C, Borer CH (2006) Calcium addition at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest reduced winter injury to red spruce in a high-injury year. Can J For Res 36: 2544-2549. doi: 10. 1139/X06-221.
    • (2006) Can J For Res , vol.36 , pp. 2544-2549
    • Hawley, G.J.1    Schaberg, P.G.2    Eagar, C.3    Borer, C.H.4
  • 22
    • 33846309239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast
    • doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0187-8
    • Hayhoe K, Wake CP, Huntington TG et al (2007) Past and future changes in climate and hydrological indicators in the US Northeast. Clim Dyn 28: 381-407. doi: 10. 1007/s00382-006-0187-8.
    • (2007) Clim Dyn , vol.28 , pp. 381-407
    • Hayhoe, K.1    Wake, C.P.2    Huntington, T.G.3
  • 24
    • 33644911479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in late-winter snowpack depth, water equivalent, and density in Maine, 1926-2004
    • doi:10.1002/hyp.6111
    • Hodgkins GA, Dudley RW (2006) Changes in late-winter snowpack depth, water equivalent, and density in Maine, 1926-2004. Hydrol Proc 20: 741-751. doi: 10. 1002/hyp. 6111.
    • (2006) Hydrol Proc , vol.20 , pp. 741-751
    • Hodgkins, G.A.1    Dudley, R.W.2
  • 25
    • 0036953257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical changes in lake ice-out dates as indicators of climate change in New England, 1850-2000
    • doi:10.1002/joc.857
    • Hodgkins GA, James IC, Huntington TG (2002) Historical changes in lake ice-out dates as indicators of climate change in New England, 1850-2000. Int J Climatol 22: 1819-1827. doi: 10. 1002/joc. 857.
    • (2002) Int J Climatol , vol.22 , pp. 1819-1827
    • Hodgkins, G.A.1    James, I.C.2    Huntington, T.G.3
  • 26
    • 0043288836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in the timing of high river flows in New England over the 20th Century
    • Hodgkins GA, Dudley RW, Huntington TG (2003) Changes in the timing of high river flows in New England over the 20th Century. J Hydrol 278: 244-252.
    • (2003) J Hydrol , vol.278 , pp. 244-252
    • Hodgkins, G.A.1    Dudley, R.W.2    Huntington, T.G.3
  • 27
    • 7244231300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial and temporal variability in forest-atmosphere CO2 exchange
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00847.x
    • Hollinger DY, Aber J, Dail B et al (2004) Spatial and temporal variability in forest-atmosphere CO2 exchange. Glob Chang Biol 10: 1689-1706. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1365-2486. 2004. 00847. x.
    • (2004) Glob Chang Biol , vol.10 , pp. 1689-1706
    • Hollinger, D.Y.1    Aber, J.2    Dail, B.3
  • 28
    • 34547466306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spring-flowering herbaceous plant species of the deciduous forests of eastern Canada and 20th century climate warming
    • doi:10.1139/X06-239
    • Houle G (2007) Spring-flowering herbaceous plant species of the deciduous forests of eastern Canada and 20th century climate warming. Can J For Res 37: 505-512. doi: 10. 1139/X06-239.
    • (2007) Can J For Res , vol.37 , pp. 505-512
    • Houle, G.1
  • 29
    • 84872649805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community impacts of mid-May frost event during an anomalously warm spring
    • Hufkens K, Sonnentag O, Keenan TF et al (2011) Community impacts of mid-May frost event during an anomalously warm spring. Am Geophys U. http://static. coreapps. net/agu2011/html/B21J-08. html.
    • (2011) Am Geophys U
    • Hufkens, K.1    Sonnentag, O.2    Keenan, T.F.3
  • 30
    • 24644471492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of calcium status in Maine forests: review and future projection
    • doi: 10. 1139/x05-034
    • Huntington TG (2005). Assessment of calcium status in Maine forests: review and future projection. Can J Forest Res 35: 1109-1121. doi: 10. 1139/x05-034.
    • (2005) Can J Forest Res , vol.35 , pp. 1109-1121
    • Huntington, T.G.1
  • 31
    • 0345531103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Historical trend in river ice thickness and coherence in hydroclimatlogical trends in Maine
    • doi:10.1023/A:1026360615401
    • Huntington TG, Hodgkins GA, Dudley RW (2003) Historical trend in river ice thickness and coherence in hydroclimatlogical trends in Maine. Clim Change 61: 217-236. doi: 10. 1023/A: 1026360615401.
    • (2003) Clim Change , vol.61 , pp. 217-236
    • Huntington, T.G.1    Hodgkins, G.A.2    Dudley, R.W.3
  • 32
    • 3843100558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in precipitation occurring as snow in New England (1949-2000)
    • Huntington TG, Hodgkins GA, Keim BD, Dudley RW (2004) Changes in precipitation occurring as snow in New England (1949-2000). J Clim 17: 2626-2636.
    • (2004) J Clim , vol.17 , pp. 2626-2636
    • Huntington, T.G.1    Hodgkins, G.A.2    Keim, B.D.3    Dudley, R.W.4
  • 33
    • 64849093552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate and hydrological changes in the northeastern United States: recent trends and implications for forested and aquatic ecosystems
    • doi:10.1139/X08-116
    • Huntington TG, Richardson AD, McGuire KJ, Hayhoe K (2009) Climate and hydrological changes in the northeastern United States: recent trends and implications for forested and aquatic ecosystems. Can J For Res 39: 199-212. doi: 10. 1139/X08-116.
    • (2009) Can J For Res , vol.39 , pp. 199-212
    • Huntington, T.G.1    Richardson, A.D.2    McGuire, K.J.3    Hayhoe, K.4
  • 34
    • 0036164188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential redistribution of tree species habitat under five climate change scenarios in the eastern US
    • doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00559-X
    • Iverson LR, Prasad AM (2002) Potential redistribution of tree species habitat under five climate change scenarios in the eastern US. For Ecol Manage 155: 205-222. doi: 10. 1016/S0378-1127(01)00559-X.
    • (2002) For Ecol Manage , vol.155 , pp. 205-222
    • Iverson, L.R.1    Prasad, A.M.2
  • 36
    • 0141427633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are there spurious temperature trends in the United States Climate Division database?
    • doi:10.1029/2002GL016295
    • Keim BD, Wilson AM, Wake CP, Huntington TG (2003) Are there spurious temperature trends in the United States Climate Division database? Geophys Res Lett 30: 1404. doi: 10. 1029/2002GL016295.
    • (2003) Geophys Res Lett , vol.30 , pp. 1404
    • Keim, B.D.1    Wilson, A.M.2    Wake, C.P.3    Huntington, T.G.4
  • 37
    • 18144446492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal variations in frost-free season in the United States: 1895-2000
    • doi:10.1029/2003GL018624
    • Kunkel KE, Easterling DR, Hubbard K, Redmond K (2004) Temporal variations in frost-free season in the United States: 1895-2000. Geophys Res Lett 31: L03201. doi: 10. 1029/2003GL018624.
    • (2004) Geophys Res Lett , vol.31
    • Kunkel, K.E.1    Easterling, D.R.2    Hubbard, K.3    Redmond, K.4
  • 38
    • 84872661220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A limnological introduction to Mirror Lake
    • T. C. Winter and G. E. Likens (Eds.), Berkeley: University of California Press
    • Likens GE (2009) A limnological introduction to Mirror Lake. In: Winter TC, Likens GE (eds) Mirror Lake: interactions among air, land, and water. University of California Press, Berkeley.
    • (2009) Mirror Lake: Interactions among Air, Land, and Water
    • Likens, G.E.1
  • 40
    • 0033556632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streamflow trends in the United States
    • Lins HF, Slack JR (1999) Streamflow trends in the United States. Geophys Res Lett 26: 227-230.
    • (1999) Geophys Res Lett , vol.26 , pp. 227-230
    • Lins, H.F.1    Slack, J.R.2
  • 41
    • 38549124759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Seasonal and regional characteristics of US streamflow trends in the United States from 1940 to 1999
    • doi:10.2747/0272-3646.26.6.489
    • Lins HF, Slack JR (2005) Seasonal and regional characteristics of US streamflow trends in the United States from 1940 to 1999. Phys Geogr 26: 489-501. doi: 10. 2747/0272-3646. 26. 6. 489.
    • (2005) Phys Geogr , vol.26 , pp. 489-501
    • Lins, H.F.1    Slack, J.R.2
  • 42
    • 34548598633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causes of the northern high-latitude land surface winter climate change
    • Liu J, Curry JA, Dai Y, Horton R (2007) Causes of the northern high-latitude land surface winter climate change. Geophys Res Lett 34: L14702.
    • (2007) Geophys Res Lett , vol.34
    • Liu, J.1    Curry, J.A.2    Dai, Y.3    Horton, R.4
  • 44
    • 0032920752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Freezing cycles enhance winter injury in Picea rubens
    • doi:10.1093/treephys/19.1.65
    • Lund AE, Livingston WH (1999) Freezing cycles enhance winter injury in Picea rubens. Tree Phys 19: 65-69. doi: 10. 1093/treephys/19. 1. 65.
    • (1999) Tree Phys , vol.19 , pp. 65-69
    • Lund, A.E.1    Livingston, W.H.2
  • 45
    • 0038404899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A step increase in streamflow in the conterminous United States
    • doi:10.1029/2002GL015999
    • McCabe GJ, Wolock DM (2002) A step increase in streamflow in the conterminous United States. Geophys Res Lett 29(24): 2185. doi: 10. 1029/2002GL015999.
    • (2002) Geophys Res Lett , vol.29 , Issue.24 , pp. 2185
    • McCabe, G.J.1    Wolock, D.M.2
  • 46
    • 20444471429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids
    • doi:10.1002/joc.1181
    • Mitchell TD, Jones PD (2005) An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids. Int J Climatol 25: 693-712. doi: 10. 1002/joc. 1181.
    • (2005) Int J Climatol , vol.25 , pp. 693-712
    • Mitchell, T.D.1    Jones, P.D.2
  • 47
    • 64849114950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composition and carbon dynamics of forests in northeastern North America in a future, warmer world
    • doi:10.1139/X08-185
    • Mohan JE, Cox RM, Iverson LR (2009) Composition and carbon dynamics of forests in northeastern North America in a future, warmer world. Can J For Res 39: 213-230. doi: 10. 1139/X08-185.
    • (2009) Can J For Res , vol.39 , pp. 213-230
    • Mohan, J.E.1    Cox, R.M.2    Iverson, L.R.3
  • 48
    • 0037413628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
    • doi:10.1038/nature01286
    • Parmesan C, Yohe G (2003) A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems. Nature 421: 37-42. doi: 10. 1038/nature01286.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.421 , pp. 37-42
    • Parmesan, C.1    Yohe, G.2
  • 49
    • 10644296263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herbarium specimens demonstrate earlier flowering times in response to warming in Boston
    • Primack D, Imbres C, Primack RB, Miller-Rushing AJ, Del Tredici P (2004) Herbarium specimens demonstrate earlier flowering times in response to warming in Boston. Am J Bot 91: 1260-1264.
    • (2004) Am J Bot , vol.91 , pp. 1260-1264
    • Primack, D.1    Imbres, C.2    Primack, R.B.3    Miller-Rushing, A.J.4    Del Tredici, P.5
  • 50
    • 0036435043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of an intense ice storm on the structure of a northern hardwood forest
    • doi:10.1139/X02-089
    • Rhoads AG, Hamburg S, Fahey TJ et al (2002) Effects of an intense ice storm on the structure of a northern hardwood forest. Can J For Res 32: 1763-1775. doi: 10. 1139/X02-089.
    • (2002) Can J For Res , vol.32 , pp. 1763-1775
    • Rhoads, A.G.1    Hamburg, S.2    Fahey, T.J.3
  • 51
    • 33745198651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenology of a northern hardwood forest canopy
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01164.x
    • Richardson AD, Bailey AS, Denny EG, Martin CW, O'Keefe J (2006) Phenology of a northern hardwood forest canopy. Global Change Biol 12: 1174-1188. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1365-2486. 2006. 01164. x.
    • (2006) Global Change Biol , vol.12 , pp. 1174-1188
    • Richardson, A.D.1    Bailey, A.S.2    Denny, E.G.3    Martin, C.W.4    O'Keefe, J.5
  • 52
    • 66349087733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of spring phenology on seasonal and annual carbon balance in two contrasting New England forests
    • doi:10.1093/treephys/tpn040
    • Richardson AD, Hollinger DY, Dail DB et al (2009) Influence of spring phenology on seasonal and annual carbon balance in two contrasting New England forests. Tree Phys 29: 321-331. doi: 10. 1093/treephys/tpn040.
    • (2009) Tree Phys , vol.29 , pp. 321-331
    • Richardson, A.D.1    Hollinger, D.Y.2    Dail, D.B.3
  • 53
    • 17744363063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming
    • doi:10.1007/s004420000544
    • Rustad LE, Campbell JL, Marion GM et al (2001) A meta-analysis of the response of soil respiration, net nitrogen mineralization, and aboveground plant growth to experimental ecosystem warming. Oecologia 126: 543-562. doi: 10. 1007/s004420000544.
    • (2001) Oecologia , vol.126 , pp. 543-562
    • Rustad, L.E.1    Campbell, J.L.2    Marion, G.M.3
  • 54
    • 1542280010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves
    • doi:10.1038/nature02300
    • Schär C, Vidale PL, Lüthi D, Frei C, Häberli C, Liniger MA, Appenzeller C (2004) The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves. Nature 427: 332-336. doi: 10. 1038/nature02300.
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 332-336
    • Schär, C.1    Vidale, P.L.2    Lüthi, D.3    Frei, C.4    Häberli, C.5    Liniger, M.A.6    Appenzeller, C.7
  • 55
    • 0346036042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends of spring time frost events and phenological dates in central Europe
    • doi:10.1007/s00704-002-0704-6
    • Scheifinger H, Menzel A, Koch E, Peter C (2003) Trends of spring time frost events and phenological dates in central Europe. Theor Appl Climatol 74: 41-51. doi: 10. 1007/s00704-002-0704-6.
    • (2003) Theor Appl Climatol , vol.74 , pp. 41-51
    • Scheifinger, H.1    Menzel, A.2    Koch, E.3    Peter, C.4
  • 56
    • 0033876316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in North American Spring
    • Schwartz MD, Reiter BE (2000) Changes in North American Spring. Int J Climatol 20: 929-932.
    • (2000) Int J Climatol , vol.20 , pp. 929-932
    • Schwartz, M.D.1    Reiter, B.E.2
  • 57
    • 33645841632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Onset of spring starting earlier across the Northern Hemisphere
    • doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01097.x
    • Schwartz MD, Ahas R, Aasa A (2006) Onset of spring starting earlier across the Northern Hemisphere. Global Change Biol 12: 43-351. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1365-2486. 2005. 01097. x.
    • (2006) Global Change Biol , vol.12 , pp. 43-351
    • Schwartz, M.D.1    Ahas, R.2    Aasa, A.3
  • 58
    • 0035871495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and composition of three northern hardwood-conifer forests with differing disturbance histories
    • doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00371-6
    • Schwarz PA, Fahey TJ, Martin CW, Siccama TG, Bailey A (2001) Structure and composition of three northern hardwood-conifer forests with differing disturbance histories. For Ecol Manage 144: 201-212. doi: 10. 1016/S0378-1127(00)00371-6.
    • (2001) For Ecol Manage , vol.144 , pp. 201-212
    • Schwarz, P.A.1    Fahey, T.J.2    Martin, C.W.3    Siccama, T.G.4    Bailey, A.5
  • 59
    • 0038573789 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional responses of hemlock woolly adelgid to low temperatures
    • Skinner M, Parker BL, Gouli S, Ashikaga T (2003) Regional responses of hemlock woolly adelgid to low temperatures. Environ Entomol 32: 523-528.
    • (2003) Environ Entomol , vol.32 , pp. 523-528
    • Skinner, M.1    Parker, B.L.2    Gouli, S.3    Ashikaga, T.4
  • 60
    • 33644697480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Going to the Extremes: an intercomparison of model-simulated historical and future changes in extreme events
    • Tebaldi C, Hayhoe K, Arblaster JM, Meehl GA (2006) Going to the Extremes: an intercomparison of model-simulated historical and future changes in extreme events. Clim Change 79: 185-211.
    • (2006) Clim Change , vol.79 , pp. 185-211
    • Tebaldi, C.1    Hayhoe, K.2    Arblaster, J.M.3    Meehl, G.A.4
  • 61
    • 11044228015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twentieth-century climate change in New England and New York, USA
    • doi:10.1029/2004GL020574
    • Trombulak SC, Wolfson R (2004) Twentieth-century climate change in New England and New York, USA. Geophys Res Lett 31: L19202. doi: 10. 1029/2004GL020574.
    • (2004) Geophys Res Lett , vol.31
    • Trombulak, S.C.1    Wolfson, R.2
  • 62
    • 83755174129 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of presettlement and modern forest composition along an elevation gradient in central New Hampshire
    • doi:10.1139/x11-169
    • Vadeboncoeur MA, Hamburg SP, Cogbill CV, Sigamura WY (2012) A comparison of presettlement and modern forest composition along an elevation gradient in central New Hampshire. Can J For Res 41: 190-202. doi: 10. 1139/x11-169.
    • (2012) Can J For Res , vol.41 , pp. 190-202
    • Vadeboncoeur, M.A.1    Hamburg, S.P.2    Cogbill, C.V.3    Sigamura, W.Y.4
  • 63
    • 0031976567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2 ameliorates birch response to high temperature and frost stress: implications for modeling climate-induced geographic range shifts
    • doi:10.1007/s004420050455
    • 2 ameliorates birch response to high temperature and frost stress: implications for modeling climate-induced geographic range shifts. Oecologia 114: 335-342. doi: 10. 1007/s004420050455.
    • (1998) Oecologia , vol.114 , pp. 335-342
    • Wayne, P.M.1    Reekie, E.G.2    Bazzaz, F.A.3
  • 64
    • 69249105941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ice storm effects on the canopy structure of a northern hardwood forest after 8 years
    • doi:10.1007/s004420050455
    • Weeks BC, Hamburg SP, Vadeboncoeur MA (2009) Ice storm effects on the canopy structure of a northern hardwood forest after 8 years. Can J For Res 39: 1475-1483. doi: 10. 1007/s004420050455.
    • (2009) Can J For Res , vol.39 , pp. 1475-1483
    • Weeks, B.C.1    Hamburg, S.P.2    Vadeboncoeur, M.A.3
  • 65
    • 8644226396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicted twenty-first-century changes in seasonal extreme precipitation events in the parallel climate model
    • Wehner MF (2004) Predicted twenty-first-century changes in seasonal extreme precipitation events in the parallel climate model. J Clim 17: 4281-4290.
    • (2004) J Clim , vol.17 , pp. 4281-4290
    • Wehner, M.F.1
  • 66
    • 0042131752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canopy duration has little influence on annual carbon storage in the deciduous broad leaf forest
    • doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00585.x
    • White MA, Nemani RR (2003) Canopy duration has little influence on annual carbon storage in the deciduous broad leaf forest. Global Change Biol 9: 967-972. doi: 10. 1046/j. 1365-2486. 2003. 00585. x.
    • (2003) Global Change Biol , vol.9 , pp. 967-972
    • White, M.A.1    Nemani, R.R.2
  • 67
    • 33745188743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical Publication SJ2004-4. St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, FL. Available at
    • Winkler S (2004) A user-written SAS program for estimating temporal trends and their magnitude. Technical Publication SJ2004-4. St. Johns River Water Management District, Palatka, FL. Available at: http://www. sjrwmd. com/technicalreports/pdfs/TP/SJ2004-4. pdf (Accessed March 19, 2005).
    • (2004) A user-written SAS program for estimating temporal trends and their magnitude
    • Winkler, S.1
  • 68
    • 18744401688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and shifts in spring phenology of three horticultural woody perennials in northeastern USA
    • Wolfe DW, Schwartz MD, Lakso AN et al (2005) Climate change and shifts in spring phenology of three horticultural woody perennials in northeastern USA. Int J Biometeorol 49: 303-309.
    • (2005) Int J Biometeorol , vol.49 , pp. 303-309
    • Wolfe, D.W.1    Schwartz, M.D.2    Lakso, A.N.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.