Anatomy of the basal ornithuromorph bird Archaeorhynchus spathula from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

Volumn 33, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 141-152

  Zhou, Shuang ^a,b   Zhou, Zhonghe ^a   Oconnor, Jingmai K ^a  

^a INSTITUTE OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY AND PALEOANTHROPOLOGY   (China)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES   (China)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANATOMY; BIRD; CRETACEOUS; NEW SPECIES; SKULL;

CHINA; LIAONING;

AVES; SPATHULA;

EID: 84872567754     PISSN: 02724634     EISSN: 19372809     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2012.714431     Document Type: Article

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30. Zhang, F., and Z. Zhou. 2000. A primitive enantiornithine bird and the origin of feathers. Science 290:1955-1959
31. Zhang, F., and Z. Zhou. 2004. Leg feathers in an Early Cretaceous bird of China. Nature 431:925 (Pubitemid 39434407)
32. Zhang, F., Z. Zhou, L. Hou, and G. Gu. 2001. Early diversification of birds: Evidence from a new opposite bird. Chinese Science Bulletin 46:945-950 (Pubitemid 32656437)
33. Zhou, Z. 2006. Evolutionary radiation of the Jehol Biota: Chronological and ecological perspectives. Geological Journal 41:377-393 (Pubitemid 44501531)
34. Zhou, Z., and L. D. Martin. 1999. Feathered dinosaur or birdä new look at the hand of Archaeopteryx. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 89:289-293
35. Zhou, Z., and F. Zhang. 2001. Two new ornithurine birds from the Early Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China. Chinese Science Bulletin 46:1258-1264 (Pubitemid 32879158)
36. Zhou, Z., and F. Zhang. 2002a. Largest bird from the Early Cretaceous and its implications for the earliest avian ecological diversification. Naturwissenschaften 89:34-38 (Pubitemid 34117489)
37. Zhou, Z., and F. Zhang. 2002b. A long-tailed, seed-eating bird from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature 418:405-409 (Pubitemid 34826839)
38. Zhou, Z., and F. Zhang. 2003. Anatomy of the primitive bird Sapeornis chaoyangensis from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40:731-747 (Pubitemid 36978395)
39. Zhou, Z., and F. Zhang. 2005. Discovery of a new ornithurine bird and its implication for Early Cretaceous avian radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102:18998-19002 (Pubitemid 43049555)
40. Zhou, Z., and F. Zhang. 2006. A beaked basal ornithurine bird (Aves, Ornithurae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Zoologica Scripta 35:363-373 (Pubitemid 43886654)
41. Zhou, Z., P. M. Barrett, and J. Hilton. 2003. An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem. Nature 421:807-814 (Pubitemid 36254134)
42. Zhou, Z., F. Zhang, and Z. Li. 2009. A new basal ornithurine bird (Jianchangornis microdonta gen. et sp. nov.) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 47:299-310
43. Zhou, Z., F. Zhang, and Z. Li. 2010. A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 277:219-227
44. Zhou, Z., J. A. Clarke, F. Zhang, and O. Wings. 2004. Gastroliths in Yanornis: An indication of the earliest radical diet-switching and gizzard plasticity in the lineage leading to living birds. Naturwissenschaften 91:571-574 (Pubitemid 40064605)
45. Chiappe, L. M. 2006. " Glorified Dinosaurs: Origins and Early Evolution of Birds ". 158 London: John Wiley and Sons.
46. Chiappe, L. M., Ji, S., and, Ji, Q. 2007. Juvenile birds from the Early Cretaceous of China: implications for enantiornithine ontogeny. American Museum Novitates, 3594: 1-46.
47. Chiappe, L. M., Ji, S., Ji, Q., and, Norell, M. A. 1999. Anatomy and systematics of the Confuciusornithidae (Theropoda: Aves) from the Late Mesozoic of Northeastern China. Bulletin of American Museum of Natural History, 242: 1-89.
48. Clarke, J. A., Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2006. Insight into the evolution of avian flight from a new clade of Early Cretaceous ornithurines from China and the morphology of Yixianornis grabaui. Journal of Anatomy, 208: 287-308. (Pubitemid 43355787)
49. Elzanowski, A. 2002. " Archaeopterygidae (Upper Jurassic of Germany) ". In Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs, Edited by: Chiappe, L. M. and Witmer, L. W. 129-159. Berkeley, California: University of California Press.
50. Feduccia, A. 1999. " The Origin and Evolution of Birds, second edition ". 466 New Haven: Yale University Press.
51. Forster, C. A., Chiappe, L. M., Krause, D. W., and, Sampson, S. D. 1996. The first Cretaceous bird from Madagascar. Nature, 382: 532-534.
52. Forster, C. A., Sampson, S. D., Chiappe, L. M., and, Krause, D. W. 1998. The theropod ancestry of birds: new evidence from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar. Science, 279: 1915-1919. (Pubitemid 28168643)
53. Gao, C., Chiappe, L. M., Meng, Q., OConnor, J. K., Wang, X., Cheng, X., and, Liu, J. 2008. A new basal lineage of Early Cretaceous birds from China and its implications on the evolution of the avian tail. Palaeontology, 51: 775-791. (Pubitemid 352044736)
54. Gionfriddo, J. P., and, Best, L. B. 1996. Grit-use patterns in North American birds: the influence of diet, body size, and gender. Wilson Bulletin, 108: 685-696. (Pubitemid 27049852)
55. He, H., Wang, X., Zhou, Z., Wang, F., Boven, A., Shi, G., and, Zhu, R. 2004. Timing of the Jiufotang Formation (Jehol Group) in Liaoning, northeastern China and its implications. Geophysics Research Letters, 31: L12605
56. Hou, L. 1997a. A carinate bird from the Upper Jurassic of western Liaoning, China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 42: 413-416.
57. Hou, L. 1997b. " Feng-Huang-Ku Bird Park of Taiwan ". 228 Nantou: Provincial Government. [Mesozoic Birds of China Chinese]
58. Hou, L., and, Zhang, J. 1993. [A new fossil bird from the Lower Cretaceous of Liaoning]. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 31: 217-224. [Chinese, with English summary]
59. Huxley, T. H. 1870. Further evidence of the affinity between the dinosaurian reptiles and birds. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 26: 12-31.
60. Li, l., Wang, J., and, Hou, S. 2011. [A new ornithurine bird (Parahongshanornis chaoyangensis gen. et sp.nov.) from the Jiufotang Fornation of Chaoyang, Liaoning, China]. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 49: 195-200. [Chinese]
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62. Martin, L. D., and, Bonner, O. 1977. An immature specimen of Baptornis advenus from the Cretaceous of Kansas. The Auk, 94: 787-789.
63. McGowan, C. 1985. Tarsal development in birds: evidence for homology with the theropod condition. Journal of Zoology, 206: 53-67.
64. Norell, M. A., and, Clarke, J. A. 2001. Fossil that fills a critical gap in avian evolution. Nature, 409: 181-184. (Pubitemid 32144281)
65. OConnor, J. K., Chiappe, L. M., and, Bell, A. 2011a. " Pre-modern birds: avian divergences in the Mesozoic ". In Living Dinosaurs: The Evolutionary History of Modern Birds, Edited by: Dyke, G. D. and Kaiser, G. 39-116. London: John Wiley and Sons.
66. OConnor, J. K., Gao, K., and, Chiappe, L. M. 2010. A new ornithuromorph (Aves: Ornithothoraces) bird from the Jehol Group indicative of higher-level diversity. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 30: 311-321.
67. OConnor, J. K., Chiappe, L. M., Gao, C., and, Bo, Z. 2011b. Anatomy of the Early Cretaceous enantiornithine bird Rapaxavis pani. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 56: 463-475.
68. Sanz, J. L., and, Bonaparte, J. F. 1992. " A new order of birds (Class Aves) from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain ". In Papers in Avian Paleontology Honoring Pierce Brodkorb, Edited by: Campbell, K. C. Jr. 39-49. Los Angeles, California: Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County.
69. Swisher, C. C. III, Wang, Y., Wang, X., Xu, X., and, Wang, Y. 1999. Cretaceous age for the feathered dinosaurs of Liaoning, China. Nature, 400: 58-61.
70. Swisher, C. C. III, Wang, X., Zhou, Z., Wang, Y., Jin, F., Zhang, J., Xu, X., Zhang, F. C., and, Wang, Y. 2002. Further support for a Cretaceous age for the feathered-dinosaur beds of Liaoning, China: new 40Ar/39Ar dating of the Yixian and Tuchengzi Formations. Chinese Science Bulletin, 47: 135-138. (Pubitemid 34533239)
71. Wang, X., OConnor, J. K., Zhao, B., Chiappe, L. M., Cao, C., and, Cheng, X. 2010. A new species of enantiornithes (Aves: Ornithothoraces) based on a well preserved specimen from the Qiaotou Formation of Northern Hebei, China. Acta Geologica Sinica, 84: 247-256.
72. Wings, O. 2004. " Identification, distribution and function of gastroliths in dinosaurs and extant birds with emphasis on ostriches (Struthio camelus). Ph.D. dissertation ". 187 Germany: University of Bonn, Bonn.
73. You, H., Atterholt, J., OConnor, J. K., Harris, J. D., Lamanna, M. C., and, Li, D. 2010. A second Cretaceous ornithuromorph bird from the Changma Basin, Gansu Province, northwestern China. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 55: 617-625.
74. Zhang, F., and, Zhou, Z. 2000. A primitive enantiornithine bird and the origin of feathers. Science, 290: 1955-1959.
75. Zhang, F., and, Zhou, Z. 2004. Leg feathers in an Early Cretaceous bird of China. Nature, 431: 925 (Pubitemid 39434407)
76. Zhang, F., Zhou, Z., Hou, L., and, Gu, G. 2001. Early diversification of birds: evidence from a new opposite bird. Chinese Science Bulletin, 46: 945-950. (Pubitemid 32656437)
77. Zhou, Z. 2006. Evolutionary radiation of the Jehol Biota: chronological and ecological perspectives. Geological Journal, 41: 377-393. (Pubitemid 44501531)
78. Zhou, Z., and, Martin, L. D. 1999. Feathered dinosaur or bird? A new look at the hand of Archaeopteryx. Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology, 89: 289-293.
79. Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2001. Two new ornithurine birds from the Early Cretaceous of western Liaoning, China. Chinese Science Bulletin, 46: 1258-1264. (Pubitemid 32879158)
80. Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2002a. Largest bird from the Early Cretaceous and its implications for the earliest avian ecological diversification. Naturwissenschaften, 89: 34-38. (Pubitemid 34117489)
81. Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2002b. A long-tailed, seed-eating bird from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature, 418: 405-409. (Pubitemid 34826839)
82. Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2003. Anatomy of the primitive bird Sapeornis chaoyangensis from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 40: 731-747. (Pubitemid 36978395)
83. Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2005. Discovery of a new ornithurine bird and its implication for Early Cretaceous avian radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 102: 18998-19002. (Pubitemid 43049555)
84. Zhou, Z., and, Zhang, F. 2006. A beaked basal ornithurine bird (Aves, Ornithurae) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Zoologica Scripta, 35: 363-373. (Pubitemid 43886654)
85. Zhou, Z., Barrett, P. M., and, Hilton, J. 2003. An exceptionally preserved Lower Cretaceous ecosystem. Nature, 421: 807-814. (Pubitemid 36254134)
86. Zhou, Z., Zhang, F., and, Li, Z. 2009. A new basal ornithurine bird (Jianchangornis microdonta gen. et sp. nov.) from the Lower Cretaceous of China. Vertebrata PalAsiatica, 47: 299-310.
87. Zhou, Z., Zhang, F., and, Li, Z. 2010. A new Lower Cretaceous bird from China and tooth reduction in early avian evolution. Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 277: 219-227.
88. Zhou, Z., Clarke, J. A., Zhang, F., and, Wings, O. 2004. Gastroliths in Yanornis: an indication of the earliest radical diet-switching and gizzard plasticity in the lineage leading to living birds. Naturwissenschaften, 91: 571-574. (Pubitemid 40064605)