Time-Varying Wing-Twist Improves Aerodynamic Efficiency of Forward Flight in Butterflies

PLoS ONE

Volumn 8, Issue 1, 2013, Pages

  Zheng, Lingxiao ^a   Hedrick, Tyson L ^b   Mittal, Rajat ^a  

^a Johns Hopkins University   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANALYTIC METHOD; ARTICLE; BUTTERFLY; FLYING; FORELIMB; KINEMATICS; MOTION; NONHUMAN; PERFORMANCE; SIMULATION; VIDEOGRAMMETRY;

ANIMALS; BIOMECHANICS; BUTTERFLIES; FLIGHT, ANIMAL; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; ORGAN SIZE; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; TIME FACTORS; WING;

HEXAPODA; PAPILIONOIDEA; VANESSA CARDUI;

EID: 84872467386     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053060     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Cloupeau M, Devillers JF, Devezeaux D, (1979) Direct measurements of instantaneous lift in desert locust; comparison with jensen's experiments on detached wings. J exp Biol 80: 1-15.
2. Ennos AR, (1988) The inertial cause of wing rotation in diptera. J exp Biol 140: 161-169.
3. Wootton RJ, (1993) Leading edge section and asymmetric twisting in the wings of flying butterflies (insecta, papilionoidea). J exp Biol 180: 105-117.
4. Combes SA, Daniel TL, (2003) Flexural stiffness in insect wings i. scaling and the influence of wing venation. J exp Biol 206: 2979-2987.
5. Combes SA, Daniel TL, (2003) Into thin air: Contributions of aerodynamic and inertial-elastic forces to wing bending in the hawkmoth manduca sexta. J exp Biol 206: 2999-3006.
6. Walker SM, Thomas ALR, Taylor GK, (2010) Deformable wing kinematics in free-flying hoverflies. J R Soc Interface 7: 131-142.
7. Zeng L, Hao Q, Kawachi K, (2000) A scanning projected line method for measuring a beating bumblebee wing. Optics Commun 183: 19-44.
8. Sunada S, Song D, Meng X, Wang HL, Kawachi K, (2002) Optical measurement of the deformation, motion, and generated forces of the wings of a moth. JSME Int J 45: 836-842.
9. Zheng L (2012) An integrated numerical-experimental study of the aerodynamics of flapping flight in insects. Ph.D. thesis, The Johns Hopkins University.
10. Walker SM, Thomas ALR, Taylor GK, (2009) Deformable wing kinematics in the desert locust: How and why do camber, twist and topography vary through the stroke? J R Soc Interface 6: 735-746.
11. Ellington CP, Berg CVD, Willmott AP, Thomas ALR, (1996) Leading-edge vortices in insect flight. Nature 384: 626-630.
12. Birch JM, Dickinson MH, (2001) Spanwise flow and the attachment of the leading-edge vortex on insect wings. Nature 412: 729-733.
13. Heathcote S, Wang Z, Gursul I, (2008) Effect of spanwise flexibility on flapping wing propulsion. J Fluid Struct 24: 183-199.
14. Miller LA, Peskin CS, (2009) Flexible clap and fling in tiny insect flight. J exp Biol 212: 3076-3090.
15. Aono H, Chimakurthi SK, Wu P, Sallstrom E, Stanford BK, et al. (2010) A computational and experimental study of flexible flapping wing aerodynamics. Technical report, AIAA, 48th Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, FL, January 4-7.
16. Zhao L, Huang Q, Deng X, Sane SP, (2009) Aerodynamic effects of flexibility in flapping wings. Optics Commun 183: 19-44.
17. Du G, Sun M, (2010) Effects of wing deformation on aerodynamic forces in hovering hoverflies. J exp Biol 213: 2273-2283.
18. Nakata T, Liu H (2011) Aerodynamic performance of a hovering hawkmoth with flexible wings: a computational approach. P R Soc B: doi:10.1098/rspb.2011.1023.
19. Young J, Walker SM, Bomphrey RJ, Taylor GK, Thomas ALR, (2009) Details of insect wing design and deformation enhance aerodynamic function and flight effciency. Science 325: 1549-1552.
20. Dudley R (2000) In:the Biomechanics of Insect Flight, Princeton University Press.
21. Baker PS, Gewecked M, Cooter RJ, (1981) The natural flight of the migratory locust, locusta migratoria l. iii. wing-beat frequency, flight speed and attitude. J Comp Physiol A 142(2): 233-237.
22. Hedrick TL, (2008) Software techniques for two- and three-dimensional kinematic measurements of biological and biomimetic systerms. Bioinsp Biomim 3: 034001.
23. Mittal R, Iaccarino G, (2005) Immersed boundary methods. Annu Rev Fluid Mech 37: 239-261.
24. Mittal R, Dong H, Bozkurttas M, Najjar FM, Vargas A, et al. (2008) A versatile sharp interface immersed boundary method for incompressible flows with complex boundaries. J Comput Phys 227: 4825-4852.
25. Seo JH, Mittal R, (2011) A sharp-interface immersed boundary method with improved mass con-servation and reduced spurious pressure oscillations. J Comput Phys 230: 7347-7363.
26. Brodsky AK, (1991) Vortex formation in the tethered flight of the peacock butteryfly inachis io l. (lepidoptera, nymphalidae) and some aspects of insect flight evolution. J exp Biol 161: 77-95.
27. Lin T, Mittal R, Zheng L, Hedrick T, (2012) The significance of moment-of-inertia variation in flight manoeuvres of butterflies. Bioinsp Biomim 7: 044002.
28. Dai H, Luo H, Doyle JF, (2012) Dynamic pitching of an elastic rectangular wing in hovering motion. J Fluid Mech 693: 473-499.
29. Mountcastle AM, Daniel TL, (2009) Aerodynamic and functional consequences of wing compliance. Exp Fluids 46(5): 873-882.
30. Adrian RJ, Christensen KT, Liu ZC, (2000) Analysis and interpretation of instantaneous turbulent velocity fields. Exp Fluids 2(3): 275-290.
31. Srygley RB, Thomas ALR, (2002) Unconventional lift-generating mechanisms in free-flying butter-flies. Nature 420: 660-664.
32. Lu Y, Shen GX, Su WH, (2007) Flow visualization of dragonfly hovering via an electromechanical model. AIAA 45(3): 615-623.
33. Bomphrey RJ, Lawson NJ, Srygley RB, Taylor GK, Thomas ALR, (2002) Visualizing the flow around insect wings. Phys Fluids 14: 1079-1094.
34. Zhang XW, Zhou CY, (2012) Computational study on the hovering mechanisms of a chordwise flexible wing. P I Mech Eng G-J Aer 226: 3-14.
35. Weis-Fogh T, (1952) Fat combustion and metabolic rate of flying locusts (schistocerca gregaria forskal). Philos T R Soc B 237: 1-36.
36. Ellington CP, (1984) The aerodynamics of hovering insect flight. ii. morphological parameters. Philos T R Soc B 305: 17-41.
37. Fry SN, Sayaman R, Dickinson MH, (2003) The aerodynamics of free-flight maneuvers in drosophila. Science 300: 495-498.