West Nile Virus outbreak in Sardinia, Italy, in 2011

Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

Volumn 7, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 6-9

  Spissu, Nicoletta ^a   Panichi, Giovanni ^b   Montisci, Antonio ^c   Fiore, Filippo ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SASSARI   (Italy)

^b Animal Health services ^*

^c Animal Health services (area A)   (Italy)

Author keywords

Horses; Italy; Outbreak; Sardinia; West nile virus

Indexed keywords

IMMUNOGLOBULIN G;

ARTICLE; ATAXIA; EPIDEMIC; FASCICULATION; FEVER; HORSE; HUMAN; HYPERESTHESIA; ITALY; NONHUMAN; PARESIS; SEIZURE; SEROPREVALENCE; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; WEST NILE FEVER; WEST NILE FLAVIVIRUS;

AVES; EQUIDAE; FLAVIVIRIDAE; FLAVIVIRUS; HEXAPODA; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS; RNA VIRUSES; VERTEBRATA; WEST NILE VIRUS;

EID: 84872408342     PISSN: 20366590     EISSN: 19722680     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3855/jidc.3305     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Karabatsos N (1985) International catalogue of arboviruses, including certain other viruses of vertebrates. 3rd ed. San Antonio: American Society of Tropical Medicine & Hygiene.
2. Lanciotti RS, Ebel GD, Deubel V, Kerst AJ, Murri S, Meyer R, Bowen M, McKinney N, Morrill WE, Crabtree MB, Kramer LD, Roehring JT (2002) Complete genome sequences and phylogenetic analysis of West Nile Virus strains isolated from the Unites States, Europe, and the Middle East. Virology 298: 96-105.http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.2002.1449, PMid:12093177.
3. Hayes CG (2001) West Nile virus: Uganda, 1937, to New York City, 1999. Annals of the New York Academy of Science 951: 25-37.http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02682.x; PMid:11797781
4. Petersen LR, Roehrig JT (2001) West Nile Virus: a reemerging global pathogen. Emerging Infectious Diseases 7: 611-614; PMid:11585520. PMCid:2631751.
5. Granwehr BP, Lillibridge KM, Higgs S, Mason WP, Aronson JM, Campbell GA, Barrett ADT (2004) West Nile virus: where are we now? Lancet Infectious Diseases 4: 547-556.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01128-4
6. Komar N (2000) West Nile viral encephalitis. Rev Sci Tech 19: 166-176
7. Hayes CG (1989) West Nile Fever in the Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology, vol. V, Monath TP ed CRC press, Boca Raton FL, 59.
8. Mostashari F, Bunning ML, Kitsutani PT, Singer DA, Nash D, Cooper MJ, Katz N, Liljebjelke KA, Biggerstaff BJ, Fine AD, Layton MC, Mullin SM, Johnson AJ, Martin DA, Hayes EB, Campbell GL (2001) Epidemic West Nile encephalitis, New York, 1999: results of a household-based seroepidemiological survey. Lancet 358: 261-264.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(01)05480-0
9. Brown JA, Factor DL, Tkachenko N, Templeton SM, Crall ND, Pape WJ, Bauer MJ, Ambruso DR, Dickey WC, Marfin AA (2007) West Nile viremic blood donors and risk factors for subsequent West Nile fever. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 7: 479-488.http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2006.0611.PMid:17979539.
10. Craven RB, Roehrig JT (2001) West Nile Virus. Journal of the American Medical Association 344: 1858-1859. Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention-CDC, USA. Available at http://www.cdc.gov. Last accessed 21.11.2012
11. Kedarnath N, Prasad SR, Dandawate CN, Koshy AA, George S, Gosh SN (1984) Isolation of Japanese encephalitis and West Nile Viruses from peripheral blood of encephalitis patients, Indian J Med Res 79: 1-7.
12. Cabre O, Durand JP, Prange A, Gomez J, Maurizi L, Tolou H, Davoust B (2005) West Nile virus infection:serological investigation among horses in France and in Africa. Med Trop (Mars) 65: 439-443.
13. Chevalier V, Lancelot R, Diaite A, Mondet B, Sall B, De Lamballerie X (2006) Serological assessment of West Nile fever virus activity in the pastoral system of Ferlo, Senegal. Ann NY Acad Sci 1081: 216-225.http://dx.doi.org/10.1196/annals.1373.026; PMid:17135514
14. Murgue B, Murri S, Triki H, Deubel V, Zeller HG (2001) West Nile in the Mediterranean basin: 1950-2000. Ann NY Acad Sci 951: 117-26.http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb02690.x; PMid:11797769
15. Tber AA (1996) West Nile fever in horses in Morocco. Bull OIE 108: 867-869.
16. Triki H, Murri S, Le Guenno B, Bahri O, Hili K, Sidhom M, Dellagi K (2001) West Nile viral meningoencephalitis in Tunisia. Med Trop (Mars) 61: 487-490.
17. Schuffenecker I, Peyrefitte CN, el Harrak M, Murri S, Leblond A, Zeller HG (2005) West Nile virus in Morocco, 2003. Emerg Infect Dis 11: 306-309.http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1102.040817; PMid:15752452 PMCid:3320441
18. Autorino GL, Battisti A, Deubel V, Ferrari G, Forletta R, Giovannini A, Lelli L, Murri S, Scicluna MT (2002) West Nile virus Epidemic in horses, Tuscany Region, Italy. Emerg Infect Dis 8: 1372-1378.http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid0812.020234; PMid:12498650 PMCid:2738505.
19. Calistri P, Giovannini A, Hubalek Z, Ionescu A, Monaco F, Savini G, Lelli R (2010) Epidemiology of West Nile in Europe and in the Mediterranean Basin. The Open Virology Journal 4: 29-37. PMid:20517490 PMCid:2878979.
20. General Directorate for Prevention. Surveillance of West Nile virus infection in Italy. Circular No. 400.3/3.2/4234. Available from: www.ministerosalute.it/imgs/C-17-normativa-355-allegato. In Italian, last accessed 25.11.2012.
21. Rizzoli A, Rosà R, Rosso F, Buckley A, Gould E (2007) West Nile Virus Circulation Detected in Northern Italy in Sentinel chickens. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases 7: 411-417.http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/vbz.2006.0626; PMid:17767411.
22. Savini G, Monaco F, Calistri P, Lelli R (2008) Phylogenetic analysis of West Nile virus isolated in Italy in 2008. Euro Surveill 13: pii19048. Available at: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx ArticleId 19048. Last accessed 25.11.2012.
23. Macini P, Squintani G, Finarelli AC, Angelini P, Martini E, Tamba M, Dottori M, Bellini R, Santi A, Loli Piccolomini L, Po C (2008) Detection of West Nile virus infection in horses, Italy, September 2008. Euro Surveill 13: pii18990, Available at: http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx ArticleId18990. Last accessed 25.11.2012.
24. Filipponi G, Lelli R, Savini G, Giovannini A, Guberti V, Santucci U, Romi R, Toma L, Goffredo M, Caporale V (2005) West Nile Virus surveillance in Italy: results of three years activities. 2005 National Conference on West Nile Virus in the United States, San Jose, California, February, 8-9.
25. Monaco F, Lelli R, Teodori L, Pinoni C, Di Gennaro A, Polci A, Calistri P, Savini G (2010) Re-emergence of West Nile Virus in Italy. Zoonoses and Public Health 57: 476-486; doi: 10.1111/j.863-2378.009.01245.x. Last accessed 25.11.2012.
26. Calistri P, Giovannini A, Savini G, Monaco F, Bonfanti L, Ceolin C, Terregino C, Tamba M, Cordioli P, Lelli R (2009) West Nile Virus Transmission in 2008 in North-Eastern Italy. Zoonoses and Public Health doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01303.x. Last accessed 25.11.2012; http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01303.x.
27. West Nile Disease in Italia nel 2011, http://sorveglianza.izs.it/emergenze/west-nile/pdf/bollettinogionaliero/2011. Last accessed 15.12.2012.
28. West Nile Disease in Italia nel 2012, http://sorveglianza.izs.it/emergenze/west-nile/pdf/bollettinogionaliero/bollettinoWND2012.pdf. Last accessed 15.12.2012.