Chronic Disease Management. A Review of Current Performance Across Quality of Care Domains and Opportunities for Improving Osteoarthritis Care.

Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 123-143

  Brand, Caroline A ^a,b   Ackerman, Ilana N ^a   Bohensky, Megan A ^a   Bennell, Kim L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^b MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Hand; Hip; Knee; Models of care; Osteoarthritis; Quality of care

Indexed keywords

CHONDROITIN SULFATE; CORTICOSTEROID; DULOXETINE; GLUCOSAMINE; HYALURONIC ACID; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; NONSTEROID ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; PARACETAMOL; PLACEBO; TRAMADOL;

ARTHROSCOPIC DEBRIDEMENT; CLINICAL DECISION MAKING; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM; EXERCISE; HAND OSTEOARTHRITIS; HEALTH CARE ACCESS; HEALTH CARE DISPARITY; HEALTH CARE QUALITY; HIP ARTHROPLASTY; HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS; HUMAN; KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; KNEE ARTHROSCOPY; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; MEDICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM; OBESITY; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PATIENT CARE; PATIENT EDUCATION; PATIENT SAFETY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY ADJUSTED LIFE YEAR; REVIEW; SELF CARE; SOCIAL NETWORK; WEIGHT REDUCTION;

CHRONIC DISEASE; COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS RESEARCH; DECISION MAKING; EXERCISE; HUMANS; LONG-TERM CARE; OSTEOARTHRITIS, HIP; OSTEOARTHRITIS, KNEE; PATIENT CARE MANAGEMENT; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC; QUALITY OF HEALTH CARE; SELF CARE; WEIGHT LOSS;

EID: 84872322348     PISSN: 0889857X     EISSN: 15583163     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.rdc.2012.10.005     Document Type: Review

References (119)

1. World Health Organization (WHO) The global burden of disease 2004 update 2008, WHO, Geneva (Switzerland).
2. Institute of Medicine. Crossing the quality chasm: a new health system for the 21st century. The national Academy of Sciences; 2000. Available at: Accessed November 11, 2012. http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php%3Frecord_id=10027%26page=1.
3. Hunter D.J. Quality of osteoarthritis care for community-dwelling older adults. Clin Geriatr Med 2010, 26(3):401-417.
4. Hunter D.J., Neogi T., Hochberg M.C. Quality of osteoarthritis management and the need for reform in the US. Arthritis Care Res 2011, 63(1):31-38.
5. Dieppe P., Doherty M. Contextualizing osteoarthritis care and the reasons for the gap between evidence and practice. Clin Geriatr Med 2010, 26(3):419-431.
6. Dieppe P. From protocols to principles, from guidelines to toolboxes: aids to good management of osteoarthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2001, 40:841-842.
7. Dieppe P. Osteoarthritis: time to shift the paradigm. BMJ 1999, 318(7194):1299-1300.
8. Zhang W., Nuki G., Moskowitz R.W., et al. OARSI recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis: part III: changes in evidence following systematic cumulative update of research published through January 2009. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010, 18(4):476-499.
9. Porcheret M., Jordan K., Croft P. Treatment of knee pain in older adults in primary care: development of an evidence-based model of care. Rheumatology 2007, 46(4):638-648.
10. Hochberg M.C., Altman R.D., April K.T., et al. American College of Rheumatology 2012 recommendations for the use of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies in osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Arthritis Care Res 2012, 64(4):455-474.
11. Conaghan P.G., Dickson J., Grant R.L. Care and management of osteoarthritis in adults: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 2008, 336(7642):502-503.
12. The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) Guideline for the non-surgical management of hip and knee osteoarthritis 2009, RACGP, South Melbourne (Victoria).
13. Jencks S., Cuerdon T., Burwen D., et al. Quality of medical care delivered to Medicare beneficiaries: a profile at state and national levels. JAMA 2000, 284(13):1670-1676.
14. McGlynn E.A., Asch S.M., Adams J., et al. The quality of health care delivered to adults in the United States. N Engl J Med 2003, 348(26):2635-2645.
15. Ganz D.A., Chang J.T., Roth C.P., et al. Quality of osteoarthritis care for community-dwelling older adults. Arthritis Rheum 2006, 55(2):241-247.
16. Broadbent J., Maisey S., Holland R., et al. Recorded quality of primary care for osteoarthritis: an observational study. Br J Gen Pract 2008, 58(557):839-843.
17. DeHaan M., Guzman J., Bayley M., et al. Knee osteoarthritis clinical practice guidelines - how are we doing?. J Rheumatol 2007, 34(10):2099-2105.
18. Li L.C., Maetzel A., Pencharz J.N., et al. Use of mainstream nonpharmacologic treatment by patients with arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 51(2):203-209.
19. Li L.C., Sayre E.C., Kopec J.A., et al. Quality of nonpharmacological care in the community for people with knee and hip osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 2011, 38(10):2230-2237.
20. Pencharz J.N., MacLean C.H. Measuring quality in arthritis care: the Arthritis Foundation's Quality Indicator set for osteoarthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2004, 51(4):538-548.
21. Suarez-Almazor M.E. Unraveling gender and ethnic variation in the utilization of elective procedures: the case of total joint replacement. Med Care 2002, 40(6):447-450.
22. Ellis H., Bucholz R. Disparity of care in total hip arthroplasty. Curr Opin Orthop 2007, 18:2-7.
23. Ackerman IN, Busija L. Access to self-management education, conservative treatment and surgery for arthritis according to socioeconomic status. Best Prac Res Clin Rheumatol, in press.
24. Hawker G., Guan J., Judge A., et al. Knee arthroscopy in England and Ontario: patterns of use, changes over time, and relationship to total knee replacement. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008, 90(11):2337-2345.
25. Kim S., Bosque J., Meehan J.P., et al. Increase in outpatient knee arthroscopy in the United States: a comparison of National Surveys of Ambulatory Surgery, 1996 and 2006. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2011, 93(11):994-1000.
26. Bohensky M.A., Sundararajan V., Andrianopoulos N., et al. Trends in elective knee arthroscopies in a population-based cohort, 2000-2009. Med J Aust 2012, 197(7):399-403.
27. Chodosh J., Solomon D.H., Roth C.P., et al. The quality of medical care provided to vulnerable older patients with chronic pain. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004, 52(5):756-761.
28. Pitt V.J., O'Connor D., Green S. Referral of people with osteoarthritis to self-management programmes: barriers and enablers identified by general practitioners. Disabil Rehabil 2008, 30(25):1938-1946.
29. Ackerman I.N., Buchbinder R., Osborne R.H. Factors limiting participation in arthritis self-management programs: an exploration of barriers and patient preferences within a randomised controlled trial. Rheumatology 2012, [Epub ahead of print].
30. Peter W.F., Jansen M.J., Hurkmans E.J., et al. Physiotherapy in hip and knee osteoarthritis: development of a practice guideline concerning initial assessment, treatment and evaluation. Acta Reumatol Port 2011, 36(3):268-281.
31. Fransen M., McConnell S. Land-based exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee: a metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. J Rheumatol 2009, 36(6):1109-1117.
32. Mazieres B., Thevenon A., Coudeyre E., et al. Adherence to, and results of, physical therapy programs in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis. Development of French clinical practice guidelines. Joint Bone Spine 2008, 75(5):589-596.
33. Pisters M.F., Veenhof C., Schellevis F.G., et al. Exercise adherence improving long-term patient outcome in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee. Arthritis Care Res 2010, 62(8):1087-1094.
34. Jordan J.L., Holden M.A., Mason E.E., et al. Interventions to improve adherence to exercise for chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010, (1). CD005956.
35. Fransen M., McConnell S. Exercise for osteoarthritis of the knee. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2008, (4). CD004376.
36. Cottrell E., Roddy E., Foster N.E. The attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of GPs regarding exercise for chronic knee pain: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract 2010, 11:4.
37. Chevalier X., Marre J.P., de Butler J., et al. Questionnaire survey of management and prescription of general practitioners in knee osteoarthritis: a comparison with 2000 EULAR recommendations. Clin Exp Rheumatol 2004, 22(2):205-212.
38. Holden M.A., Nicholls E.E., Young J., et al. UK-based physical therapists' attitudes and beliefs regarding exercise and knee osteoarthritis: findings from a mixed-methods study. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 61(11):1511-1521.
39. Zhang W., Moskowitz R.W., Nuki G., et al. OARSI recommendations for the management of hip and knee osteoarthritis, Part II: OARSI evidence-based, expert consensus guidelines. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2008, 16(2):137-162.
40. Christensen R., Bartels E.M., Astrup A., et al. Effect of weight reduction in obese patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2007, 66(4):433-439.
41. Brosseau L., Wells G.A., Tugwell P., et al. Ottawa Panel evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the management of osteoarthritis in adults who are obese or overweight. Phys Ther 2011, 91(6):843-861.
42. Ravaud P., Flipo R.M., Boutron I., et al. ARTIST (osteoarthritis intervention standardized) study of standardised consultation versus usual care for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee in primary care in France: pragmatic randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2009, 338:b421.
43. Jordan K.M., Arden N.K., Doherty M., et al. EULAR Recommendations 2003: an evidence based approach to the management of knee osteoarthritis: report of a Task Force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 2003, 62(12):1145-1155.
44. Chappell A.S., Ossanna M.J., Liu-Seifert H., et al. Duloxetine, a centrally acting analgesic, in the treatment of patients with osteoarthritis knee pain: a 13-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Pain 2009, 146(3):253-260.
45. Wandel S., Juni P., Tendal B., et al. Effects of glucosamine, chondroitin, or placebo in patients with osteoarthritis of hip or knee: network meta-analysis. BMJ 2010, 341:c4675.
46. Reichenbach S., Sterchi R., Scherer M., et al. Meta-analysis: chondroitin for osteoarthritis of the knee or hip. Ann Intern Med 2007, 146(8):580-590.
47. Hochberg M.C. Structure-modifying effects of chondroitin sulfate in knee osteoarthritis: an updated meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials of 2-year duration. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2010, 18(Suppl 1):S28-S31.
48. Shekelle P.G., Woolf S.H., Eccles M., et al. Clinical guidelines: developing guidelines. BMJ 1999, 318(7183):593-596.
49. Rutjes A.W., Juni P., da Costa B.R., et al. Viscosupplementation for osteoarthritis of the knee: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2012, 157(3):180-191.
50. Patrignani P., Tacconelli S., Bruno A., et al. Managing the adverse effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2011, 4(5):605-621.
51. Britt H., Miller G.C., Charles J., et al. A decade of Australian general practice activity 2001-02 to 2010-11 2011, Sydney University Press, Sydney (Australia).
52. Hall W.D., Farrell M.P. Minimising the misuse of oxycodone and other pharmaceutical opioids in Australia. Med J Aust 2011, 195(5):248-249.
53. Roxburgh A., Bruno R., Larance B., et al. Prescription of opioid analgesics and related harms in Australia. Med J Aust 2011, 195(5):280-284.
54. Harrison C.M., Charles J., Henderson J., et al. Opioid prescribing in Australian general practice. Med J Aust 2012, 196(6):380-381.
55. Rissanen P., Aro S., Sintonen H., et al. Costs and cost-effectiveness in hip and knee replacements. A prospective study. Int J Technol Assess Health Care 1997, 13(4):575-588.
56. Losina E., Walensky R.P., Kessler, et al. Cost-effectiveness of total knee arthroplasty in the United States: patient risk and hospital volume. Arch Intern Med 2009, 169(12):1113-1121. [discussion: 21-2].
57. Ackerman I.N., Dieppe P.A., March L.M., et al. Variation in age and physical status prior to total knee and hip replacement surgery: a comparison of centers in Australia and Europe. Arthritis Rheum 2009, 61(2):166-173.
58. Dieppe P., Judge A., Williams S., et al. Variations in the pre-operative status of patients coming to primary hip replacement for osteoarthritis in European orthopaedic centres. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2009, 10:19.
59. Irgit K., Nelson C.L. Defining racial and ethnic disparities in THA and TKA. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2011, 469(7):1817-1823.
60. Novicoff W.M., Saleh K.J. Examining sex and gender disparities in total joint arthroplasty. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2011, 469(7):1824-1828.
61. Hawker G.A., Wright J.G., Glazier R.H., et al. The effect of education and income on need and willingness to undergo total joint arthroplasty. Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46(12):3331-3339.
62. Judge A., Welton N.J., Sandhu J., et al. Equity in access to total joint replacement of the hip and knee in England: cross sectional study. BMJ 2010, 341:c4092.
63. Rahman M.M., Kopec J.A., Sayre E.C., et al. Effect of sociodemographic factors on surgical consultations and hip or knee replacements among patients with osteoarthritis in British Columbia, Canada. J Rheumatol 2011, 38(3):503-509.
64. Steel N., Melzer D., Gardener E., et al. Need for and receipt of hip and knee replacement-a national population survey. Rheumatology 2006, 45(11):1437-1441.
65. Skinner J., Weinstein J.N., Sporer S.M., et al. Racial, ethnic, and geographic disparities in rates of knee arthroplasty among Medicare patients. N Engl J Med 2003, 349(14):1350-1359.
66. Clement N.D., MacDonald D., Howie C.R., et al. The outcome of primary total hip and knee arthroplasty in patients aged 80 years or more. J Bone Joint Surg Br 2011, 93(9):1265-1270.
67. Ackerman I.N., Graves S.E., Wicks, et al. Severely compromised quality of life in women and those of lower socioeconomic status waiting for joint replacement surgery. Arthritis Rheum 2005, 53(5):653-658.
68. Jenkins P.J., Perry P.R., Yew Ng C., et al. Deprivation influences the functional outcome from total hip arthroplasty. Surgeon 2009, 7(6):351-356.
69. Pollard B., Johnston M., Dieppe P. Exploring the relationships between International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) constructs of Impairment, Activity Limitation and Participation Restriction in people with osteoarthritis prior to joint replacement. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2011, 12:97.
70. Dieppe P., Lim K., Lohmander S. Who should have knee joint replacement surgery for osteoarthritis?. Int J Rheum Dis 2011, 14(2):175-180.
71. Critchley R.J., Baker P.N., Deehan D.J. Does surgical volume affect outcome after primary and revision knee arthroplasty? A systematic review of the literature. Knee 2012, 19(5):513-518.
72. Stacey D., Bennett C.L., Barry M.J., et al. Decision aids to help people who are facing health treatment or screening decisions. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011, (10). CD001431. 10.1002/14651858.CD001431.pub3.
73. Arterburn D., Wellman R., Westbrook E., et al. Introducing decision AIDS at group health was linked to sharply lower hip and knee surgery rates and costs. Health Aff (Millwood) 2012, 31(9):2094-2104.
74. Sprague N.F. Arthroscopic debridement for degenerative knee joint disease. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1981, (160):118-123.
75. Ogilvie-Harris D.J., Fitsialos D.P. Arthroscopic management of the degenerative knee. Arthroscopy 1991, 7(2):151-157.
76. Gross D.E., Brenner S.L., Esformes I., et al. Arthroscopic treatment of degenerative joint disease of the knee. Orthopedics 1991, 14(12):1317-1321.
77. Baumgaertner M.R., Cannon W.D., Vittori, et al. Arthroscopic debridement of the arthritic knee. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1990, (253):197-202.
78. Moseley J.B., O'Malley K., Petersen N.J., et al. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med 2002, 347(2):81-88.
79. Chambers K., Schulzer M., Sobolev B. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthroscopy 2002, 18(7):683-687.
80. Johnson L.L. A controlled trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. Arthroscopy 2002, 18(7):683-687.
81. Kirkley A., Birmingham T.B., Litchfield R.B., et al. A randomized trial of arthroscopic surgery for osteoarthritis of the knee. N Engl J Med 2008, 359(11):1097-1107.
82. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons(AAOS) Clinical practice guideline on the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee (non-arthroplasty) 2008, AAOS, Rosemont (IL).
83. Meakins J.L. Evidence-based surgery. Surg Clin North Am 2006, 86(1):1-16. vii.
84. Kawamoto K., Houlihan C.A., Balas E.A., et al. Improving clinical practice using clinical decision support systems: a systematic review of trials to identify features critical to success. BMJ 2005, 330(7494):765.
85. Lugtenberg M., Zegers-van Schaick J.M., Westert G.P., et al. Why don't physicians adhere to guideline recommendations in practice? An analysis of barriers among Dutch general practitioners. Implement Sci 2009, 4:54.
86. Grimshaw J.M., Russell I.T. Effect of clinical guidelines on medical practice: a systematic review of rigorous evaluations. Lancet 1993, 342(8883):1317-1322.
87. Woolf S.H., Grol R., Hutchinson A., et al. Clinical guidelines: potential benefits, limitations, and harms of clinical guidelines. BMJ 1999, 318(7182):527-530.
88. Garg A.X., Adhikari N.K., McDonald H., et al. Effects of computerized clinical decision support systems on practitioner performance and patient outcomes: a systematic review. JAMA 2005, 293(10):1223-1238.
89. Misso M.L., Pitt V.J., Jones K.M., et al. Quality and consistency of clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis and management of osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: a descriptive overview of published guidelines. Med J Aust 2008, 189(7):394-399.
90. Shiffman R.N., Dixon J., Brandt C., et al. The GuideLine Implementability Appraisal (GLIA): development of an instrument to identify obstacles to guideline implementation. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2005, 5:23.
91. McGowan B.S., Wasko M., Vartabedian B.S., et al. Understanding the factors that influence the adoption and meaningful use of social media by physicians to share medical information. J Med Internet Res 2012, 14(5):e117.
92. Palmer S., Torgerson D.J. Economic notes: definitions of efficiency. BMJ 1999, 318(7191):1136.
93. Pinto D., Robertson M.C., Hansen P., et al. Cost-effectiveness of nonpharmacologic, nonsurgical interventions for hip and/or knee osteoarthritis: systematic review. Value Health 2012, 15(1):1-12.
94. Segal L., Day S., Chapman A., et al. Can we reduce disease burden from osteoarthritis? An evidence-based priority-setting model. Med J Aust 2004, 180(5):S11-S17.
95. Andrews G., Simonella L., Lapsley H., et al. Evidence-based medicine is affordable: the cost-effectiveness of current compared with optimal treatment in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. J Rheumatol 2006, 33(4):671-680.
96. Iezzoni L.I. Assessing quality using administrative data. Ann Intern Med 1997, 127(8 Pt 2):666-674.
97. Wagner E.H., Bennett S.M., Austin B.T., et al. Finding common ground: patient-centeredness and evidence-based chronic illness care. J Altern Complement Med 2005, 11(Suppl 1):S7-S15.
98. Sackett D.L., Rosenberg W.M., Gray J.A., et al. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't. BMJ 1996, 312(7023):71-72.
99. Audet A.M., Davis K., Schoenbaum S.C. Adoption of patient-centered care practices by physicians: results from a national survey. Arch Intern Med 2006, 166(7):754-759.
100. Rosemann T., Laux G., Szecsenyi J., et al. The chronic care model: congruency and predictors among primary care patients with osteoarthritis. Qual Saf Health Care 2008, 17(6):442-446.
101. Brand C., Hunter D., Hinman R., et al. Improving care for people with osteoarthritis of the hip and knee: how has national policy for osteoarthritis been translated into service models in Australia?. Int J Rheum Dis 2011, 14(2):181-190.
102. Brand C., Cox S. Systems for implementing best practice for a chronic disease: management of osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Intern Med J 2006, 36(3):170-179.
103. Tsai A.C., Morton S.C., Mangione C.M., et al. A meta-analysis of interventions to improve care for chronic illnesses. Am J Manag Care 2005, 11(8):478-488.
104. Bodenheimer T., Wagner E.H., Grumbach K. Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness: the chronic care model, part 2. JAMA 2002, 288(15):1909-1914.
105. Wagner E.H., Austin B.T., Von Korff M. Organizing care for patients with chronic illness. Milbank Q 1996, 74(4):511-544.
106. Brand C.A., Amatya B., Gordon B., et al. Redesigning care for chronic conditions: improving hospital-based ambulatory care for people with osteoarthritis of the hip and knee. Intern Med J 2010, 40(6):427-436.
107. Victorian Government Department of Health Orthopedic waiting list project: summary report 2006, Victorian Government Department of Health, Melbourne (Victoria).
108. Taggart J., Williams A., Dennis S., et al. A systematic review of interventions in primary care to improve health literacy for chronic disease behavioral risk factors. BMC Fam Pract 2012, 13:49.
109. Glasgow R.E., Orleans C.T., Wagner E.H. Does the chronic care model serve also as a template for improving prevention?. Milbank Q 2001, 79(4):579-612. iv-v.
110. Barr V.J., Robinson S., Marin-Link B., et al. The expanded Chronic Care Model: an integration of concepts and strategies from population health promotion and the Chronic Care Model. Hosp Q 2003, 7(1):73-82.
111. Zwar N., Harris M., Griffiths R., et al. A systematic review of chronic disease management 2006, Research Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sydney (Australia).
112. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Sorting through the evidence for the arthritis self-management program and the chronic disease self-management program 2011, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta (GA).
113. Hill J., Lewis M., Bird H. Do OA patients gain additional benefit from care from a clinical nurse specialist?-a randomized clinical trial. Rheumatology 2009, 48(6):658-664.
114. Victor C.R., Triggs E., Ross F., et al. Lack of benefit of a primary care-based nurse-led education programme for people with osteoarthritis of the knee. Clin Rheumatol 2005, 24(4):358-364.
115. Wetzels R., van Weel C., Grol R., et al. Family practice nurses supporting self-management in older patients with mild osteoarthritis: a randomized trial. BMC Fam Pract 2008, 9:7.
116. Hunt M.A., Keefe F.J., Bryant C., et al. A physiotherapist-delivered, combined exercise and pain coping skills training intervention for individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study. Knee 2012, [Epub ahead of print].
117. Bennell K.L., Ahamed Y., Bryant C., et al. A physiotherapist-delivered integrated exercise and pain coping skills training intervention for individuals with knee osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2012, 13(1):129.
118. Lau A.Y., Siek K.A., Fernandez-Luque L., et al. The role of social media for patients and consumer health. Contribution of the IMIA consumer health informatics working group. Yearb Med Inform 2011, 6(1):131-138.
119. Greaney M.L., Sprunck-Harrild K., Bennett G.G., et al. Use of email and telephone prompts to increase self-monitoring in a Web-based intervention: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res 2012, 14(4):e96.