Maternal Care, Maltreatment and Callous-Unemotional Traits Among Urban Male Juvenile Offenders

Journal of Youth and Adolescence

Volumn 42, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 165-177

  Kimonis, Eva R ^a   Cross, Brittany ^a   Howard, Aisha ^a,c   Donoghue, Kathleen ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^b WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO   (United States)

Author keywords

Attachment; Callous unemotional traits; Juvenile offenders; Maltreatment; Psychopathy; Warmth

Indexed keywords

EID: 84872284525     PISSN: 00472891     EISSN: 15736601     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10964-012-9820-5     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Baer, J. C., & Martinez, C. D. (2006). Child maltreatment and insecure attachment: A meta-analysis. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 24(3), 187-197. doi: 10. 1080/02646830600821231.
2. Barker, E. D., Oliver, B. R., Viding, E., Salekin, R. T., & Maughan, B. (2011). The impact of prenatal maternal risk, fearless temperament and early parenting on adolescent callous-unemotional traits: A 14-year longitudinal investigation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(8), 878-888. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1469-7610. 2011. 02397. x.
3. Bernstein, D. P., Fink, L., Handelsman, L., & Foote, J. (1994). Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 151(8), 1132-1136.
4. Blair, R. J. R. (1995). A cognitive developmental approach to morality: Investigating the psychopath. Cognition, 57(1), 1-29. doi: 10. 1016/0010-0277(95)00676-P.
5. Bowlby, J. (1969). Disruption of affectional bonds and its effects on behavior. Canada's Mental Health Supplement, 59, 12.
6. Caputo, A. A., Frick, P. J., & Brodsky, S. L. (1999). Family violence and juvenile sex offending: The potential mediating role of psychopathic traits and negative attitudes toward women. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 26(3), 338-356. doi: 10. 1177/0093854899026003004.
7. Chaffin, M., Funderburk, B., Bard, D., Valle, L. A., & Gurwitch, R. (2011). A combined motivation and parent-child interaction therapy package reduces child welfare recidivism in a randomized dismantling field trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(1), 84-95. doi: 10. 1037/a0021227.
8. Chaffin, M., Silovsky, J. F., Funderburk, B., Velle, L., Brestan, E. V., Balachova, T., et al. (2004). Parent-child interaction therapy with physically abusive parents: Efficacy for reducing future abuse reports. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(3), 500-510. doi: 10. 1037/0022-006X. 72. 3. 500.
9. Cornell, A. H., & Frick, P. J. (2007). The moderating effects of parenting styles in the association between behavioral inhibition and parent-reported guilt and empathy in preschool children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 305-318. doi: 10. 1080/15374410701444181.
10. Dadds, M. R., Jambrak, J., Pasalich, D., Hawes, D. J., & Brennan, J. (2011). Impaired attention to the eyes of attachment figures and the developmental origins of psychopathy. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(3), 238-245. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1469-7610. 2010. 02323. x.
11. Edens, J. F., Skopp, N. A., & Cahill, M. A. (2008). Psychopathic features moderate the relationship between harsh and inconsistent parental discipline and adolescent antisocial behavior. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 37(2), 472-476. doi: 10. 1080/15374410801955938.
12. Enns, M. W., Cox, B. J., & Clara, I. I. (2002). Parental bonding and adult psychopathology: Results from the US National Comorbidity Survey. Psychological Medicine, 32(6), 997-1008. doi: 10. 1017/S0033291702005937.
13. Essau, C. A., Sasagawa, S., & Frick, P. J. (2006). Callous-unemotional traits in a community sample of adolescents. Assessment, 13(4), 454-469. doi: 10. 1177/1073191106287354.
14. Fanti, K. A., Frick, P. J., & Georgiou, S. (2009). Linking callous-unemotional traits to instrumental and non-instrumental forms of aggression. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 31(4), 285-298. doi: 10. 1007/s10862-008-9111-3.
15. Fowles, D. C., & Kochanska, G. (2000). Temperament as a moderator of pathways to conscience in children: The contribution of electrodermal activity. Psychophysiology, 37(6), 788-795. doi: 10. 1017/S0048577200981848.
16. Frick, P. J. (2006). Developmental pathways to conduct disorder. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 15(2), 311-331. doi: 10. 1016/j. chc. 2005. 11. 003.
17. Frick, P. J., Kimonis, E. R., Dandreaux, D. M., & Farrell, J. M. (2003). The 4 year stability of psychopathic traits in non-referred youth. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 21(6), 713-736. doi: 10. 1002/bsl. 568.
18. Frick, P. J., & White, S. F. (2008). Research review: The importance of callous-unemotional traits for developmental models of aggressive and antisocial behavior. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 49(4), 359-375. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1469-7610. 2007. 01862. x.
19. Gao, Y., Raine, A., Chan, F., Venables, P. H., & Mednick, S. A. (2010). Early maternal and paternal bonding, childhood physical abuse and adult psychopathic personality. Psychological Medicine: A Journal of Research in Psychiatry and the Allied Sciences, 40(6), 1007-1016. doi: 10. 1017/S0033291709991279.
20. George, D., & Mallery, P. (2003). SPSS for Windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. 11. 0 update (4th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
21. Gretton, H. M., Hare, R. D., & Catchpole, R. E. H. (2004). Psychopathy and offending from adolescence to adulthood: A 10-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(4), 636-645. doi: 10. 1037/0022-006X. 72. 4. 636.
22. Hare, R. (1993). Without conscience. The disturbing world of the psychopaths among us. New York: Pocket Books.
23. Hare, R. D. (2003). Hare psychopathy checklist-revised (PCL-R): 2nd edition, technical manual. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems.
24. Hawes, D. J., & Dadds, M. R. (2005). The treatment of conduct problems in children with callous-unemotional traits. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(4), 737-741. doi: 10. 1037/0022-006X. 73. 4. 737.
25. Hawes, D. J., Dadds, M. R., Frost, A. D. J., & Hasking, P. A. (2011). Do childhood callous-unemotional traits drive change in parenting practices? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 40(4), 507-518. doi: 10. 1080/15374416. 2011. 581624.
26. Hipwell, A. E., Pardini, D. A., Loeber, R., Sembower, M., Keenan, K., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (2007). Callous-unemotional behaviors in young girls: Shared and unique effects relative to conduct problems. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 293-304. doi: 10. 1080/15374410701444165.
27. Hoeve, M., Dubas, J. S., Eichelsheim, V. I., van der Laan, P. H., Smeenk, W., & Gerris, J. R. M. (2009). The relationship between parenting and delinquency: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 37(6), 749-775. doi: 10. 1007/s10802-009-9310-8.
28. Holmbeck, G. N. (2002). Post hoc probing of significant moderational and mediational effects in studies of pediatric populations. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 27(1), 87-96.
29. Huizinga, D., Thornberry, T., Knight, K., & Lovegroove, P. (2007). Disproportionate minority contact in the juvenile justice system: A study of differential minority arrest/referral to court in three cities. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Justice.
30. Jackson-Newsom, J., Buchanan, C. M., & McDonald, R. M. (2008). Parenting and perceived maternal warmth in European American and African American adolescent. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70(1), 62-75.
31. Jang, K. L., Stein, M. B., Taylor, S., Asmundson, G. J. G., & Livesley, W. J. (2003). Exposure to traumatic events and experiences: Aetiological relationships with personality function. Psychiatry Research, 120(1), 61-69. doi: 10. 1016/S0165-1781(03)00172-0.
32. Jones, A. P., Laurens, K. R., Herba, C. M., Barker, G. J., & Viding, E. (2009). Amygdala hypoactivity to fearful faces in boys with conduct problems and callous-unemotional traits. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 166(1), 95-102. doi: 10. 1176/appi. ajp. 2008. 07071050.
33. Kimbrel, N. A., Nelson-Gray, R. O., & Mitchell, J. T. (2007). Reinforcement sensitivity and maternal style as predictors of psychopathology. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(6), 1139-1149. doi: 10. 1016/j. paid. 2006. 06. 028.
34. Kimonis, E. R., Frick, P. J., & Barry, C. T. (2004). Callous-unemotional traits and delinquent peer affiliation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 72(6), 956-966. doi: 10. 1037/0022-006X. 72. 6. 956.
35. Kimonis, E. R., Frick, P. J., Munoz, L. C., & Aucoin, K. J. (2008a). Callous-unemotional traits and the emotional processing of distress cues in detained boys: Testing the moderating role of aggression, exposure to community violence, and histories of abuse. Development and Psychopathology, 20(2), 569-589. doi: 10. 1017/S095457940800028X.
36. Kimonis, E. R., Frick, P. J., Skeem, J. L., Marsee, M. A., Cruise, K., Munoz, L. C., et al. (2008b). Assessing callous-unemotional traits in adolescent offenders: Validation of the inventory of callous-unemotional traits. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 31(3), 241-252. doi: 10. 1016/j. ijlp. 2008. 04. 002.
37. Kochanska, G. (1997). Multiple pathways to conscience for children with different temperaments: From toddlerhood to age 5. Developmental Psychology, 33(2), 228-240. doi: 10. 1037/0012-1649. 33. 2. 228.
38. Kosson, D. S., Cyterski, T. D., Steuerwald, B. L., Neumann, C. S., & Walker-Matthews, S. (2002). The reliability and validity of the psychopathy checklist: Youth version (PCL: YV) in nonincarcerated adolescent males. Psychological Assessment, 14(1), 97-109. doi: 10. 1037/1040-3590. 14. 1. 97.
39. Kroneman, L. M., Hipwell, A. E., Loeber, R., Koot, H. M., & Pardini, D. A. (2011). Contextual risk factors as predictors of disruptive behavior disorder trajectories in girls: The moderating effect of callous-unemotional features. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(2), 167-175. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1469-7610. 2010. 02300. x.
40. Lau, A. S., McCabe, K. M., Yeh, M., Garland, A. F., Hough, R. L., & Landsverk, J. (2003). Race/ethnicity and rates of self-reported maltreatment among high-risk youth in public sectors of care. Child Maltreatment, 8(3), 183-194. doi: 10. 1177/1077559503254141.
41. Levenson, M. R., Kiehl, K. A., & Fitzpatrick, C. M. (1995). Assessing psychopathic attributes in a noninstitutionalized population. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68(1), 151-158. doi: 10. 1037/0022-3514. 68. 1. 151.
42. Marsee, M. A., Barry, C. T., Childs, K. K., Frick, P. J., Kimonis, E. R., Munoz, L., et al. (2011). Assessing the forms and functions of aggression using self-report: Factor structure and invariance of the peer conflict scale in youth. Psychological Assessment, 23(3), 792-804. doi: 10. 1037/a0023369.
43. McCartney, M., Duggan, C., Collins, M., & Larkin, E. P. (2001). Are perceptions of parenting and interpersonal functioning related in those with personality disorder? Evidence from patients detained in a high secure setting. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 8(3), 191-197. doi: 10. 1002/cpp. 289.
44. McCord, W. M., & McCord, J. (1956). Psychopathy and delinquency. New York, NY: Grune & Stratton.
45. Meier, M. H., Slutske, W. S., Arndt, S., & Cadoret, R. J. (2008). Impulsive and callous traits are more strongly associated with delinquent behavior in higher risk neighborhoods among boys and girls. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 117(2), 377-385. doi: 10. 1037/0021-843X. 117. 2. 377.
46. Muñoz, L. C., Pakalniskiene, V., & Frick, P. J. (2011). Parental monitoring and youth behavior problems: Moderation by callous-unemotional traits over time. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 20(5), 261-269. doi: 10. 1007/s00787-011-0172-6.
47. O'Neill, M. L., Lidz, V., & Heilbrun, K. (2003). Adolescents with psychopathic characteristics in a substance abusing cohort: Treatment process and outcomes. Law and Human Behavior, 27(3), 299-313. doi: 10. 1023/A: 1023435924569.
48. Obradović, J., Pardini, D. A., Long, J. D., & Loeber, R. (2007). Measuring interpersonal callousness in boys from childhood to adolescence: An examination of longitudinal invariance and temporal stability. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 276-292. doi: 10. 1080/15374410701441633.
49. Oxford, M., Cavell, T. A., & Hughes, J. N. (2003). Callous/unemotional traits moderate the relation between ineffective parenting and child externalizing problems: A partial replication and extension. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 32(4), 577-585. doi: 10. 1207/S15374424JCCP3204_10.
50. Pardini, D. A., Lochman, J. E., & Powell, N. (2007). The development of callous-unemotional traits and antisocial behavior in children: Are there shared and/or unique predictors? Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 319-333. doi: 10. 1080/15374410701444215.
51. Pardini, D. A., & Loeber, R. (2007). Interpersonal and affective features of psychopathy in children and adolescents: Advancing a developmental perspective. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 36(3), 269-275. doi: 10. 1080/15374410701441575.
52. Parker, G. (1989). The parental bonding instrument: Psychometric properties reviewed. Psychiatric Developments, 4, 317-335.
53. Parker, G., Tupling, H., & Brown, L. B. (1979). A parental bonding instrument. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 52(1), 1-10. doi: 10. 1111/j. 2044-8341. 1979. tb02487. x.
54. Pasalich, D. S., Dadds, M. R., Hawes, D. J., & Brennan, J. (2011). Do callous-unemotional traits moderate the relative importance of parental coercion versus warmth in child conduct problems? An observational study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52(12), 1308-1315. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1469-7610. 2011. 02435. x.
55. Roose, A., Bijttebier, P., Decoene, S., Claes, L., & Frick, P. J. (2010). Assessing the affective features of psychopathy in adolescence: A further validation of the Inventory of Callous and Unemotional traits. Assessment, 17(1), 44-57. doi: 10. 1177/1073191109344153.
56. Sedlak, A. J., McPherson, K., & Das, B. (2010). Fourth national incidence study of child abuse and neglect (NIS-4): Supplementary analyses of race differences in child maltreatment rates in the NIS-4. Washington, DC: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families.
57. Seto, M. C., & Lalumière, M. L. (2010). What is so special about male adolescent sexual offending? A review and test of explanations using meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 136(4), 526-575. doi: 10. 1037/a0019700.
58. Steinberg, L. (2001). We know some things: Parent-adolescent relationships in retrospect and prospect. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 11(1), 1-19.
59. Thombs, B. D., Bennett, W., Ziegelstein, R. C., Bernstein, D. P., Scher, C. D., & Forde, D. R. (2007). Cultural sensitivity in screening adults for a history of childhood abuse: Evidence from a community sample. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 22(3), 368-373.
60. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children's Bureau. Child Maltreatment 2009 [Online]. Available at: http://www. acf. hhs. gov/programs/cb/pubs/cm09/cm09. pdf. Accessed August 27, 2012.
61. Viding, E., Jones, A. P., Frick, P. J., Moffitt, T. E., & Plomin, R. (2008). Heritability of antisocial behaviour at 9: Do callous-unemotional traits matter? Developmental Science, 11(1), 17-22. doi: 10. 1111/j. 1467-7687. 2007. 00648. x.
62. Weiler, B. L., & Widom, C. S. (1996). Psychopathy and violent behaviour in abused and neglected young adults. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 6(3), 253-271. doi: 10. 1002/cbm. 99.
63. Wootton, J. M., Frick, P. J., Shelton, K. K., & Silverthorn, P. (1997). Ineffective parenting and childhood conduct problems: The moderating role of callous-unemotional traits. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 65(2), 301-308. doi: 10. 1037/0022-006X. 65. 2. 292. b.