Treatment of chronic HCV genotype 4 infection

Current Hepatitis Reports

Volumn 11, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 250-255

  Esmat, G ^a   El Raziky, M ^a   El Kassas, M ^b   Hassany, M ^b   Gamil, M E ^b  

^a CAIRO UNIVERSITY   (Egypt)

^b National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute NHTMRI   (Egypt)

Author keywords

HCV4 Pegylated interferon new interferon molecules DAAT; Middle East

Indexed keywords

ALISPORIVIR; ALPHA2A INTERFERON; ASUNAPREVIR; BOCEPREVIR; CYCLOPHILIN INHIBITOR; DACLATASVIR; MERICITABINE; NITAZOXANIDE; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 5A; NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 5B; PEGINTERFERON; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA2A; PLACEBO; PROTEINASE INHIBITOR; REIFERON RETARD; RIBAVIRIN; SIMEPREVIR; SOFOSBUVIR; TELAPREVIR; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VITAMIN D;

AFRICA; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; EGYPT; GENOTYPE; HEMATOLOGIC DISEASE; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HEPATITIS C VIRUS GENOTYPE 4; HUMAN; MIDDLE EAST; MONOTHERAPY; NEUTROPHIL COUNT; NONHUMAN; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL; PHASE 2 CLINICAL TRIAL; PHASE 3 CLINICAL TRIAL; SIDE EFFECT; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; THYROID DISEASE; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VIRAL CLEARANCE; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS REPLICATION;

EID: 84872271566     PISSN: 15403416     EISSN: 15410706     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s11901-012-0146-2     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Dienstag JL, McHutchison JG. American gastroenterological association medical position statement on the management of hepatitis C. Gastroenterology. 2006;130:225-30.
2. Hoofnagle JH. Course and outcome of hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2002;5(5 Suppl 1):S21-9.
3. McOmish F, Yap PL, Dow BC, et al. Geographical distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in blood donors: an international collaborative survey. J Clin Microbiol. 1994;32:884-92.
4. World Health Organization. Weekly Epidemiological Record 49, 1999.
5. Sharara AI, Ramia S, Ramlawi F, et al. Genotypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among positive Lebanese patients: Comparison of data with that from other Middle Eastern countries. Epidemiol Infect. 2007;135(3):427-32.
6. Ameen R, Sanad N, Al-Shemmari S, et al. Prevalence of viral markers among first-time Arab blood donors in Kuwait. Transfusion. 2005;45(12):1973-80.
7. Antaki N, Haddad M, Kebbewar K, et al. The unexpected discovery of a focus of hepatitis C virus genotype 5 in a Syrian province. Epidemiol Infect. 2009;137(1):79-84.
8. Shemer-Avni Y, El Astal Z, Kemper O, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection and genotypes in Southern Israel and the Gaza Strip. J Med Virol. 1998;56(3):230-3.
9. Xu L-Z, Larzul D, Delaporte E, et al. Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 is highly prevalent in central Africa (Gabon). J Gen Virol. 1994;75:2393-8.
10. Ndjomou J, Pybus OG, Matz B. Phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis C virus isolates indicates a unique pattern of endemic infection in Cameroon. J Gen Virol. 2003;84:2333-41.
11. Wansbrough-Jones MH, Frimpong E, Cant B, et al. Prevalence and genotype of hepatitis C virus infection in pregnant women and blood donors in Ghana. Trans R Soc Tropical Med Hyg. 1998;92:496-9.
12. Egypt Demographic and Health Survey (DHS-2008): http://www.measuredhs. com/pubs. This survey is considered the first epidemiological geographical-based survey done in Egypt for many health problems like HCV, nutrition, maternal health care, etc.
13. Ray SC, Arthur RR, Carella A, et al. Genetic epidemiology of hepatitis C virus throughout Egypt. J Infect Dis. 2000;182:698-707.
14. Sanchez Quijano A, Abad MA, Torronteras R, et al. Unexpected high prevalence of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 in Southern Spain. J Hepatol. 1997;27:25-9.
15. Matera G, Lamberti A, Quirino A, et al. Changes in the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 4 in Calabria, Southern Italy. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2002;42:169-73.
16. Remy AJ, Verdier E, Perney P, et al. Route of infection, liver histology and response to interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis caused by genotype 4 HCV infection in a Western country. J Hepatol. 1998;29:169.
17. Khattab MA, Ferenci P, Stephanos J, et al. Management of hepatitis C virus genotype 4: recommendations of An International Expert Panel. J Hepatol. 2011;54(6):1250-62.
18. Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Cornberg M. Treating viral hepatitis side effects, and complications. Gut. 2006;55:1350-9.
19. Manns MP, McHutchison JG, Gordon SC, et al. Peginterferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin compared with interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin for initial treatment of chronic hepatitis C: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2001;358:958-65.
20. Ashour MK, Elraziky M, El Akel W, et al. Safety, Dosage and Efficacy of a Novel Y shaped molecule of Pegylated Interferon alpha 2a for Treatment of Chronic HCV. Accepted poster (AASLD 2011). The study showed a similar efficacy for both once weekly Yshaped interferon regimen VS once/2 weeks, this leads to minimizing the side effects and lowering the treatment costs especially in developing countries.
21. Esmat G, Abdel Fattah S. Evaluation of a novel pegylated interferon alpha-2a (Reiferon Retard®) in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis Cgenotype 4. Digestive and Liver Disease Supplement. 2009;3(1):17-19. This novel cheap molecule of pegylated Interferon showed comparable results to the ordinary known forms of pegylated Interferon in early fibrosis stages (F1, F2).
22. Taha AA, El-Ray A, El-Ghannam M, et al. Efficacy and safety of a novel pegylated interferon alpha-2a in Egyptian patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C. Can J Gastroenterol. 2010;24 (10):597-602.
23. Asselah T, Marcellin P. New direct-acting antivirals' combination for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. Liver Int. 2011;31 Suppl 1:68-77.
24. Manns MP, Foster GR, Rockstroh JK, et al. The way forward in HCV treatmentfinding the right path. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007;6:991-1000.
25. McHutchison JG, Everson GT, Gordon SC, et al. Telaprevir with peginterferon and ribavirin for chronic HCV genotype 1 infection. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1827-38.
26. McHutchison JG, Manns MP, Muir AJ, et al. Telaprevir for previously treated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1292-303.
27. Benhamou Y, Moussalli J, Ratziu V, et al. Results of a proof of concept study (C210) of Telaprevir Monotherapy and in combination with peginterferon alfa-2a and Ribavirin in treatment-naive genotype 4 HCV patients. J Hepatol. 2009;50:S6.
28. Seiwert SD, Andrews SW, Jiang Y, et al. Preclinical characteristics of the hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor ITMN-191 (R7227). Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2008;52:4432-41.
29. Moreno C, Berg T, Tanwandee T, et al. Antiviral activity of TMC435 monotherapy in patients infected with HCV genotypes 2-6: TMC435-C202, a phase IIa, open-label study. J Hepatol. 2012;56(6):1247-53.
30. Jensen DM, Wedemeyer H, Herring RW, et al. High rates of early viral response, promising safety profile and lack of resistance related breakthrough in HCV GT 1/4 patients treated with RG7128 plus PegIFN alfa-2a (40 KD)/RBV: Planned Week 12interim analysis from the PROPEL study. Hepatology 2010;52:(abstract 81).
31. Flisiak R, Feinman SV, Jablkowski M, et al. The cyclophilin inhibitor Debio 025 combined with PEG IFN alpha2a significantly reduces viral load in treatment-naive hepatitis C patients. Hepatology. 2009;49:1460-8.
32. Qiu D, Lemm JA, O'Boyle 2nd DR, et al. HCV NS5A Inhibitors Modulate Multiple Aspects of NS5A Expression. J Gen Virol. 2011;92:2502-11.
33. Hézode C, Hirschfield GM, Ghesquiere W, et al. A NS5A replication complex inhibitor, combined with PEG-Interferon-Alpha-2A and ribavirin in treatment-naïve HCVGenotype 1 or 4 subjects: The phase 2B momentum study week 12 results. Accepted poster (AASLD 2011).
34. Elazar M, Liu M, McKenna SA, et al. The antihepatitis C agent nitazoxanide induces phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2alpha via protein kinase activated by double-stranded RNA activation. Gastroenterology. 2009;137:1827-35.
35. Rossignol JF, Kabil SM, El Gohary Y. Clinical trial: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of nitazoxanide monotherapy for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008;28:574-80.
36. Mederacke I, Wedemeyer H. Nitazoxanide for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C New opportunities but new challenges? Ann Hepatol. 2009;8:166-8.
37. Sulkowski M, Gardiner D, Lawitz E, et al. Potent Viral Suppression with All-Oral Combination of Daclatasvir (NS5A Inhibitor) and GS-7977 (NS5B Inhibitor), +/-Ribavirin, in Treatment-Naive Patients with Chronic HCV GT1, 2, or 3. 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL 2012). Barcelona, April 18-22, 2012. Abstract 1422.
38. Suzuki F, Ikeda K, Toyota J, et al. Dual Oral Therapy with the NS5A Inhibitor Daclatasvir (BMS-790052) and NS3 Protease Inhibitor Asunaprevir (BMS-650032) in HCV Genotype 1binfected Null Responders or Ineligible/Intolerant to Peginterferon. 47th Annual Meeting of the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL 2012). Barcelona, April 18-22, 2012. Abstract 14.
39. Kamal SM, El Tawil AA, Nakano T, et al. Peginterferon a-2b and ribavirin therapy in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4: impact of treatment duration and viral kinetics on sustained virological response. Gut. 2005;54:858-66.
40. Elefsiniotis IS, Vezali E, Mihas C, et al. Predictive value of complete and partial early virological response on sustained virological response rates of genotype-4 chronic hepatitis C patients treated with PEG-interferon plus ribavirin. Intervirology. 2009;52:247-51.
41. Al-Ali J, Siddique I, Varghese R, et al. Pegylated interferonalpha2b plus ribavirin for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection in patients with normal serum ALT. Ann Hepatol. 2012;11(2):186-93.
42. Roulot D, Bourcier V, Grando V, et al. Epidemiological characteristics and response to peginterferon plus ribavirin treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 infection. Journal of Viral Hepatitis. 2007;14:460-7.
43. El Makhzangy H, Esmat G, Said M, et al. Response to pegylated interferon alfa-2a and ribavirin in chronic hepatitis C genotype 4. J Med Virol. 2009;81(9):1576-83.
44. Derbala MF, Amer AM, Almohanadi M, et al. Hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with normal transaminases: histological changes, schistosomiasis and response to treatment. J Viral Hepat. 2011;18 (7):e258-62.
45. Varghese R, Al-Khaldi J, Asker H, et al. Treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 with peginterferon alpha-2a plus ribavirin. Hepatogastroenterology. 2009;56(89):218-22.
46. Kamal SM, Elkamary SS, Shardell MD, et al. Pegylated interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin in patients with genotype 4 chronic hepatitis C: the role of rapid and early virologic response. Hepatology. 2007;46:1732-40.