메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 49-67

Climate Change and Energy Demands in India: Alternative Coal Technologies

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLEANER PRODUCTION; CLIMATE CHANGE; COAL INDUSTRY; COAL MINING; COAL PRODUCTION; COAL SEAM; DEMAND ANALYSIS; DEMAND-SIDE MANAGEMENT; EMISSION CONTROL; ENERGY POLICY; ENERGY USE; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; EXPLOITATION; GREENHOUSE GAS; METHANE; TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT;

EID: 84872141711     PISSN: 10881913     EISSN: 15206483     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/tqem.21326     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (4)

References (103)
  • 2
    • 84872154174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ALL Consulting and Montana Board of Oil and Gas Conservation. (February). Coal bed methane primer. U.S. Department of Energy, National Petroleum Technology Office.
    • ALL Consulting and Montana Board of Oil and Gas Conservation. (February). Coal bed methane primer. U.S. Department of Energy, National Petroleum Technology Office. 2004.
    • (2004)
  • 3
    • 40949118358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • August). Social dimensions of mining sector
    • (India), Mining Engineering
    • Banerjee, S. P. (2004, August). Social dimensions of mining sector. Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India), Mining Engineering, 85(1), 5-10.
    • (2004) Journal of the Institution of Engineers , vol.85 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-10
    • Banerjee, S.P.1
  • 4
    • 84872125841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site selection-A key to underground coal gasification (UCG)
    • Presented at the 2nd South Asian Geoscience Conference and Exhibition, GEOIndia 2011, January 12-14, 2011, New Delhi, India.
    • Bhuyan, P., Mathur, D. K., Chakraborty, A., & Sharma, R. K. (2011). Site selection-A key to underground coal gasification (UCG). Presented at the 2nd South Asian Geoscience Conference and Exhibition, GEOIndia 2011, January 12-14, 2011, New Delhi, India.
    • (2011)
    • Bhuyan, P.1    Mathur, D.K.2    Chakraborty, A.3    Sharma, R.K.4
  • 5
    • 84872161146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underground coal gasification with carbon captures and storage: A pathway to a low-cost, low-carbon gas for power generation and chemical syntheses. Presented at the Fifth Annual Conference on Carbon Capture and Sequestration, May 8-11, 2006. Retrieved from
    • Blinderman, M. S., & Friedmann, S. J. (2006). Underground coal gasification with carbon captures and storage: A pathway to a low-cost, low-carbon gas for power generation and chemical syntheses. Presented at the Fifth Annual Conference on Carbon Capture and Sequestration, May 8-11, 2006. Retrieved from http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/06/carbon-seq/Tech%20Session%20071.pdf.
    • (2006)
    • Blinderman, M.S.1    Friedmann, S.J.2
  • 6
    • 84872158309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Financial Express. Retrieved from
    • Borpuzari, P. (2008, July 11). Policy for CBM projects to reduce safety hazards. The Financial Express. Retrieved from http://www.financialexpress.com/news/policy-for-cbmprojects-to-reduce-safety-hazards/334104/1#.
    • (2008) Policy for CBM projects to reduce safety hazards
    • Borpuzari, P.1
  • 7
    • 42149194427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Best practices in underground coal gasification
    • Retrieved from
    • Burton, E., Friedmann, J., & Upadhye, R. (2007). Best practices in underground coal gasification. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Retrieved from http://www.purdue.edu/discoverypark/energy/assets/pdfs/cctr/BestPracticesinUCGdraft.pdf.
    • (2007) Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
    • Burton, E.1    Friedmann, J.2    Upadhye, R.3
  • 8
    • 84872165457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central Electricity Authority. Government of India, Ministry of Power. Electrical energy generation. Retrieved from
    • Central Electricity Authority. Government of India, Ministry of Power. Electrical energy generation. Retrieved from http://www.cea.nic.in/2012.
    • (2012)
  • 9
    • 84872124441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central Electricity Authority. Government of India, Ministry of Power. Installed generation capacity. Retrieved from
    • Central Electricity Authority. Government of India, Ministry of Power. Installed generation capacity. Retrieved from http://www.cea.nic.in/2012.
    • (2012)
  • 10
    • 84872160293 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited. (n.d.). Coalbed methane, CBM utilization. Retrieved from
    • Central Mine Planning & Design Institute Limited. (n.d.). Coalbed methane, CBM utilization. Retrieved from http://www.cmpdi.co.in/cbm.php.
  • 11
    • 84894331564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cleaner power in India: Towards a clean-coal-technology roadmap
    • Retrieved from
    • Chikkatur, A. P., & Sagar, A. D. (2007, December). Cleaner power in India: Towards a clean-coal-technology roadmap. Cambridge, MA: Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Retrieved from http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/Chikkatur_Sagar_India_Coal_Roadmap.pdf.
    • (2007) Cambridge, MA: Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs
    • Chikkatur, A.P.1    Sagar, A.D.2
  • 12
    • 84872166773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clean Air Task Force. Coal without carbon. Retrieved from
    • Clean Air Task Force. Coal without carbon. Retrieved from http://www.catf.us/resources/publications/files/Coal_Without_Carbon.pdf 2009.
    • (2009)
  • 13
    • 84872130498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate Change Connection. (2012). CO2 equivalents. Retrieved from Coal India Limited. (n.d.).
    • Climate Change Connection. (2012). CO2 equivalents. Retrieved from Coal India Limited. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.climatechangeconnection.org/emissions/CO2_equivalents.htm.http://www.coalindia.in/Default.aspx.
  • 14
    • 84872157641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UCG: A global project review. Retrieved from
    • Cothran, C. (2011). UCG: A global project review. Retrieved from http://archive.zeuslibrary.com/ucg2011/presentations/01-Cothran,Chris_Zeus.pdf.
    • (2011)
    • Cothran, C.1
  • 16
    • 84872164215 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Essar Oil starts gas production from Raniganj CBM block. (2011, January 11). Economic Times. Retrieved from
    • Essar Oil starts gas production from Raniganj CBM block. (2011, January 11). Economic Times. Retrieved from http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-01-11/news/28428842_1_cbm-blocks-sohagpur-east-cbm-gas.
  • 17
    • 84872124217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of cheap energy: Underground coal gasification. (2011, August 3). The Oil Drum. Retrieved from
    • The future of cheap energy: Underground coal gasification. (2011, August 3). The Oil Drum. Retrieved from http://www.theoildrum.com/node/8184.
  • 18
    • 84872123009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presented at the 1st Asian Mining Congress, January 16-18, 2006, Kolkata, India. Retrieved from
    • Gautam, N. N. (2006). Underground coal gasification-Application in the country. Presented at the 1st Asian Mining Congress, January 16-18, 2006, Kolkata, India. Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/24713646/Education-UGCoal-Gasification-Docs05.
    • (2006) Underground coal gasification-Application in the country
    • Gautam, N.N.1
  • 19
    • 0023466450 scopus 로고
    • In A. K. Ghose (Ed.), Strategies for exploitation of mineral resources in developing countries. Proceedings of an International Symposium organized by the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad New Delhi, India: Oxford and IBH Publishing.
    • Ghose, A. K. (1986, November). Mineral development in LDCs-Constraints and challenges. In A. K. Ghose (Ed.), Strategies for exploitation of mineral resources in developing countries. Proceedings of an International Symposium organized by the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad New Delhi, India: Oxford and IBH Publishing. 49-58.
    • (1986) Mineral development in LDCs-Constraints and challenges , pp. 49-58
    • Ghose, A.K.1
  • 20
    • 14944358605 scopus 로고
    • Noise pollution evaluation and its abatement measures in coal mining areas
    • Ghose, M. K. (1990). Noise pollution evaluation and its abatement measures in coal mining areas. Minetech, 11(3), 55-57.
    • (1990) Minetech , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 55-57
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 21
    • 0001673271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental management for disposal of spoils and tailings from mines
    • Ghose, M. K. (1997). Environmental management for disposal of spoils and tailings from mines. Environment and Ecology, 15(1), 206-210.
    • (1997) Environment and Ecology , vol.15 , Issue.1 , pp. 206-210
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 22
    • 2342534252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmentally sustainable supplies of energy in Indian context
    • Ghose, M. K. (2002a). Environmentally sustainable supplies of energy in Indian context. Journal of the Institution of Public Health Engineers, 2002(2), 51-56.
    • (2002) Journal of the Institution of Public Health Engineers , Issue.2 , pp. 51-56
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 23
  • 24
    • 0037332750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indian small-scale mining with special emphasis on environmental management
    • Ghose, M. K. (2003a). Indian small-scale mining with special emphasis on environmental management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 11(2), 159-165.
    • (2003) Journal of Cleaner Production , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 159-165
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 25
    • 0037332753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Promoting cleaner production in the Indian small-scale mining industry
    • Ghose, M. K. (2003b). Promoting cleaner production in the Indian small-scale mining industry. Journal of Cleaner Production, 11(2), 167-174.
    • (2003) Journal of Cleaner Production , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 167-174
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 26
    • 0242667132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental impacts of the Indian small-scale mining industry-An overview
    • Ghose, M. K. (2003c). Environmental impacts of the Indian small-scale mining industry-An overview. Minerals and Energy, 18(2), 24-33.
    • (2003) Minerals and Energy , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 24-33
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 27
    • 11844292844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of mining on the female community: A perspective of female miners in the Indian context
    • Ghose, M. K. (2004). Impact of mining on the female community: A perspective of female miners in the Indian context. Minerals and Energy, 19(4), 16-24.
    • (2004) Minerals and Energy , vol.19 , Issue.4 , pp. 16-24
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 28
    • 84866148819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate change and energy demands in India: Making better use of coal resources
    • Ghose, M. K. (2012, Autumn). Climate change and energy demands in India: Making better use of coal resources. Environmental Quality Management, 22(1), 59-73.
    • (2012) Environmental Quality Management , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-73
    • Ghose, M.K.1
  • 29
  • 30
    • 0034034627 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of the impact on the air environment due to opencast coal mining-An Indian case study
    • Ghose, M. K., & Majee, S. R. (2000). Assessment of the impact on the air environment due to opencast coal mining-An Indian case study. Atmospheric Environment, 34, 2791-2796.
    • (2000) Atmospheric Environment , vol.34 , pp. 2791-2796
    • Ghose, M.K.1    Majee, S.R.2
  • 31
    • 0034751944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Air pollution caused by opencast coal mining and its abatement measures in India
    • Ghose, M. K., & Majee, S. R. (2001). Air pollution caused by opencast coal mining and its abatement measures in India. Journal of Environmental Management, 63, 193-202.
    • (2001) Journal of Environmental Management , vol.63 , pp. 193-202
    • Ghose, M.K.1    Majee, S.R.2
  • 32
    • 84872153723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global CCS Institute. (October). The global status of CCS: 2011. Retrieved from
    • Global CCS Institute. (October). The global status of CCS: 2011. Retrieved from http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/publications/global-status-ccs-2011 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 33
    • 85039147236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implementing clean coal technology in India: Barriers and prospects
    • 2010. Retrieved from
    • Goel, M. (2010). Implementing clean coal technology in India: Barriers and prospects. In India infrastructure report 2010. Retrieved from http://www.idfc.com/pdf/report/Chapter-13.pdf.
    • (2010) In India infrastructure report
    • Goel, M.1
  • 34
    • 84872140601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Government of India. (1997). CBM policy approved by the government on the 19th July. Retrieved from
    • Government of India. (1997). CBM policy approved by the government on the 19th July. Retrieved from http://www.petroleum.nic.in/newgazette/cbmpolicy.pdf 1997.
    • (1997)
  • 35
    • 84872147478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green Car Congress. (August 15). Underground coalgasification, coal-to-liquids fuel project in Australia. Retrieved from
    • Green Car Congress. (August 15). Underground coalgasification, coal-to-liquids fuel project in Australia. Retrieved from http://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/08/underground_coa.html 2005.
    • (2005)
  • 36
    • 84872159326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • India CMM/CBM Clearinghouse. (n.d.). Development of CBM/CMM in India. Retrieved from
    • India CMM/CBM Clearinghouse. (n.d.). Development of CBM/CMM in India. Retrieved from http://www.cmmclearinghouse.cmpdi.co.in/.
  • 37
    • 84872135416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • India: Essar Energy announces increase in gas reserves at Raniganj CBM block in West Bengal. (2012, January 29). Retrieved from Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs. Viability of underground coal gasification with carbon capture and storage in Indiana. Retrieved from
    • India: Essar Energy announces increase in gas reserves at Raniganj CBM block in West Bengal. (2012, January 29). Retrieved from http://www.energy-pedia.com/news/india/new-148925 Indiana University School of Public and Environmental Affairs. Viability of underground coal gasification with carbon capture and storage in Indiana. Retrieved from http://www.indiana.edu/&tild;cree/pdf/Viability%20of%20Underground%20Coal%20Gasification%20Report.pdf 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 38
    • 84872160770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • India's emissions to triple by 2031. (September 3). Retrieved from
    • India's emissions to triple by 2031. (September 3). Retrieved from http://www.upi.com/Business_News/Energy-Resources/2009/09/03/Indias-emissions-to-triple-by-2031/UPI-47201252015541/2009.
    • (2009)
  • 39
    • 84872124174 scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. First assessment report-Summary for policymakers. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. First assessment report-Summary for policymakers. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. 1990.
    • (1990)
  • 40
    • 84872155665 scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate change 1992: The supplementary report to the IPCC scientific assessment. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate change 1992: The supplementary report to the IPCC scientific assessment. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. 1992.
    • (1992)
  • 41
    • 84872162598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage: Technical summary. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. IPCC special report on carbon dioxide capture and storage: Technical summary. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. 2005.
    • (2005)
  • 42
    • 84872159940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate change 2007: Synthesis report-Summary for policymakers. Geneva, Switzerland: Author.
    • Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate change 2007: Synthesis report-Summary for policymakers. Geneva, Switzerland: Author. 2007.
    • (2007)
  • 43
    • 84872129162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Energy Agency. World energy outlook 2006. Paris, France: Author.
    • International Energy Agency. World energy outlook 2006. Paris, France: Author. 2006.
    • (2006)
  • 44
    • 84872124545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Energy Agency. World energy outlook 2009. India's per capita energy consumption. Retrieved from
    • International Energy Agency. World energy outlook 2009. India's per capita energy consumption. Retrieved from http://www.iea.org/country/Poverty_India/per_capita_consumption.pdf 2009.
    • (2009)
  • 45
    • 84872130536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International Energy Agency. Key world energy statistics 2010. Paris, France: Author.
    • International Energy Agency. Key world energy statistics 2010. Paris, France: Author. 2010.
    • (2010)
  • 46
    • 84872132712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • March 8). CBM gas from Raniganj sold at $c7 per unit. Economic Times. Retrieved from
    • Jayaswal, R. (2011, March 8). CBM gas from Raniganj sold at $7 per unit. Economic Times. Retrieved from http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2011-03-08/news/28668778_1_cbm-blocks-raniganj-block-cbm-gas.
    • (2011)
    • Jayaswal, R.1
  • 47
    • 84872138382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coal bed methane. Retrieved from
    • Kabiruddin, M. (2009). Coal bed methane. Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/17159968/Coal-Bed-Methane.
    • (2009)
    • Kabiruddin, M.1
  • 48
    • 84872154551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimized IGCC cycles for future applications. Presented at the 2000 Gasification Technologies Conference, San Francisco, California, October
    • Karg, J., Haupt, G., & Zimmermann, G. (2000). Optimized IGCC cycles for future applications. Presented at the 2000 Gasification Technologies Conference, San Francisco, California, October 8-11, 2000.
    • (2000) , pp. 8-11
    • Karg, J.1    Haupt, G.2    Zimmermann, G.3
  • 49
    • 69649084965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early ideas in underground coal gasification and their evolution
    • Klimenko, A. Y. (2009). Early ideas in underground coal gasification and their evolution. Energies, 2, 456-476.
    • (2009) Energies , vol.2 , pp. 456-476
    • Klimenko, A.Y.1
  • 50
    • 0028450189 scopus 로고
    • Studies on the topsoil of an underground coal mining project
    • Kundu, N. K., & Ghose, M. K. (1994). Studies on the topsoil of an underground coal mining project. Environmental Conservation, 21(2), 126-132.
    • (1994) Environmental Conservation , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 126-132
    • Kundu, N.K.1    Ghose, M.K.2
  • 51
    • 14944379011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact on soil quality due to underground coal mining activities
    • Kundu, N. K., & Ghose, M. K. (1998a). Impact on soil quality due to underground coal mining activities. Indian Journal of Soil Conservation, 26, 247-251.
    • (1998) Indian Journal of Soil Conservation , vol.26 , pp. 247-251
    • Kundu, N.K.1    Ghose, M.K.2
  • 52
    • 0000740809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status of soil quality in the subsided areas caused by underground coal mining
    • Kundu, N. K., & Ghose, M. K. (1998b). Status of soil quality in the subsided areas caused by underground coal mining. Indian Journal of Environmental Protection, 25(2), 110-113.
    • (1998) Indian Journal of Environmental Protection , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 110-113
    • Kundu, N.K.1    Ghose, M.K.2
  • 53
    • 0031929449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on the existing plant communities in Eastern Coalfield areas with a view to reclamation of mined out lands
    • Kundu, N. K., & Ghose, M. K. (1998c). Studies on the existing plant communities in Eastern Coalfield areas with a view to reclamation of mined out lands. Journal of Environmental Biology, 19(1), 83-89.
    • (1998) Journal of Environmental Biology , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 83-89
    • Kundu, N.K.1    Ghose, M.K.2
  • 54
    • 84872144599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. New York, NY: United Nations.
    • Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. New York, NY: United Nations. 1997.
    • (1997)
  • 55
    • 80155144606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Retrieved from
    • Liu, B. (2005). Clean coal technologies. Retrieved from http://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C09/E4-11-05-02.pdf.
    • (2005) Clean coal technologies
    • Liu, B.1
  • 56
    • 84872164778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • November 6). Syngas with carbon capture at Cook Inlet. New York Times. Retrieved from
    • Milkowski, S. (2009, November 6). Syngas with carbon capture at Cook Inlet. New York Times. Retrieved from http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/11/06/syngas-with-carboncapture-at-cook-inlet/.
    • (2009)
    • Milkowski, S.1
  • 57
    • 84872162314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Coal, Government of India. Coal vision 2025. New Delhi, India: Government of India.
    • Ministry of Coal, Government of India. Coal vision 2025. New Delhi, India: Government of India. 2005.
    • (2005)
  • 58
    • 84872162769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ministry of Coal, Government of India. (2012). Coal: Choice for Indian energy. Retrieved from Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India. Gazette Notifications GSR 560(E) and GSR 378(E).
    • Ministry of Coal, Government of India. (2012). Coal: Choice for Indian energy. Retrieved from http://www.coal.nic.in/welcome.html Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India. Gazette Notifications GSR 560(E) and GSR 378(E). 1997/1998.
    • (1997)
  • 59
    • 84872131075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • March 18). Coal gasification call draws Birla, Essar, Adani, Lanco. Daily News & Analysis. Retrieved from
    • Mukherjee, P. (2011, March 18). Coal gasification call draws Birla, Essar, Adani, Lanco. Daily News & Analysis. Retrieved from http://www.dnaindia.com/money/report_coal-gasificationcall-draws-birla-essar-adani-lanco_1521232.
    • (2011)
    • Mukherjee, P.1
  • 60
    • 84872147586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (n.d.). Safety in Indian coal mines-Issues and challenges with special reference to coal mine methane (CMM)-Recovery and utilisation (PowerPoint presentation). World Mining Congress.
    • Narayanan, M. P. (n.d.). Safety in Indian coal mines-Issues and challenges with special reference to coal mine methane (CMM)-Recovery and utilisation (PowerPoint presentation). World Mining Congress.
    • Narayanan, M.P.1
  • 61
    • 84872131954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Mining Association. (n.d.). Fact sheet: Clean coal technology. Retrieved from
    • National Mining Association. (n.d.). Fact sheet: Clean coal technology. Retrieved from http://www.nma.org/pdf/fact_sheets/cct.pdf.
  • 62
    • 84872140707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural Gas Asia. (2012, May 14). GEECL to drill 184 new wells on its Raniganj CBM blocks. Retrieved from
    • Natural Gas Asia. (2012, May 14). GEECL to drill 184 new wells on its Raniganj CBM blocks. Retrieved from http://www.naturalgasasia.com/geecl-to-drill-184-new-wells-on-itsraniganj-cbm-blocks-5551.
  • 63
    • 84872167092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. (2007, May 29). Global CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement manufacture, and gas flaring: 1751-2004. Retrieved from
    • Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center. (2007, May 29). Global CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel burning, cement manufacture, and gas flaring: 1751-2004. Retrieved from http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/ftp/ndp030/global.1751_2004.ems.
  • 64
    • 84872138482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • April 1). India's chronic coal shortages threaten coal power ambitions. Power. Retrieved from
    • Patel, S. (2012, April 1). India's chronic coal shortages threaten coal power ambitions. Power. Retrieved from http://www.powermag.com/coal/4493.html.
    • (2012)
    • Patel, S.1
  • 65
    • 84872160260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • July 6). ONGC to sell 35% in CBM blocks. Business Standard. Retrieved from
    • Pathak, K. (2012, July 6). ONGC to sell 35% in CBM blocks. Business Standard. Retrieved from http://business-standard.com/india/news/ongc-to-sell-35-in-cbm-blocks/479583/.
    • (2012)
    • Pathak, K.1
  • 66
    • 11144325581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploration & development: India eyes coalbed methane to supplement gas supply, but much more study needed. Oil & Gas Journal
    • Peters, J., Singh, S. K., & Punjrath, N. K. (2004). Exploration & development: India eyes coalbed methane to supplement gas supply, but much more study needed. Oil & Gas Journal, 102(46), 34-40. Retrieved from http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/volume-102/issue-46/special-report/india-eyes-coalbedmethane-to-supplement-gas-supply-but-much-more-studyneeded.html.
    • (2004) , vol.102 , Issue.46 , pp. 34-40
    • Peters, J.1    Singh, S.K.2    Punjrath, N.K.3
  • 67
    • 84872130394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PHYSorg. (2005, May 13). Ultra-clean coal to power a greener future. Retrieved from Planning Commission, Government of India. Report of the Integrated Energy Policy Committee. New Delhi, India: Government of India.
    • PHYSorg. (2005, May 13). Ultra-clean coal to power a greener future. Retrieved from Planning Commission, Government of India. Report of the Integrated Energy Policy Committee. New Delhi, India: Government of India. 2005 http://phys.org/news4098.html.
    • (2005)
  • 68
    • 84872130735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planning Commission, Government of India. (n.d.). Power and energy. Retrieved from Press Trust of India. (April 7). Coal ministry's nod pending for ONGC's pilot UCG project. Business Standard. Retrieved from
    • Planning Commission, Government of India. (n.d.). Power and energy. Retrieved from Press Trust of India. (April 7). Coal ministry's nod pending for ONGC's pilot UCG project. Business Standard. Retrieved from http://planningcommission.nic.in/sectors/index.php?sectors=energy.http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/coal-ministry%5Cs-nod-pending-for-ongc%5Cs-pilotucg-project/162459/on 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 69
    • 84872168228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Project Monitor. (July 4). ONGC to go ahead with CBM exploration in Jharia block. Retrieved from
    • Project Monitor. (July 4). ONGC to go ahead with CBM exploration in Jharia block. Retrieved from http://www.projectsmonitor.com/COAL/ongc-to-go-ahead-with-cbmexploration-in-jharia-block 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 73
    • 0003162512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Siting of tailing pond for the safe disposal of tailings from iron ore beneficiation plants-A case study
    • Sen, P. K., & Ghose, M. K. (1997). Siting of tailing pond for the safe disposal of tailings from iron ore beneficiation plants-A case study. Minetech, 18(1-2), 63-67.
    • (1997) Minetech , vol.18 , pp. 1-2
    • Sen, P.K.1    Ghose, M.K.2
  • 75
    • 77954902941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing the steam gasification reactivity of coal by boosting the factors affecting the gasification reactions in the stepwise coal conversion
    • Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects
    • Sharma, D. K. (2010). Enhancing the steam gasification reactivity of coal by boosting the factors affecting the gasification reactions in the stepwise coal conversion. Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization and Environmental Effects, 32, 1727-1736.
    • (2010) , vol.32 , pp. 1727-1736
    • Sharma, D.K.1
  • 76
    • 0029328206 scopus 로고
    • Studies on successive extraction of coal in coal-derived solvents under ambient conditions to recover volatile matter (volatilizable components) from coal and to get partially devolatilized residual coal and solvent refined coal as clean and detoxified fuel
    • Sharma, D. K., & Mishra, S. (1995). Studies on successive extraction of coal in coal-derived solvents under ambient conditions to recover volatile matter (volatilizable components) from coal and to get partially devolatilized residual coal and solvent refined coal as clean and detoxified fuel. Fuel Science and Technology International, 13, 761-774.
    • (1995) Fuel Science and Technology International , vol.13 , pp. 761-774
    • Sharma, D.K.1    Mishra, S.2
  • 77
    • 0029178562 scopus 로고
    • Advanced process for the production of clean coal by chemical leaching technique
    • Sharma, D. K., & Singh, S. K. (1995a). Advanced process for the production of clean coal by chemical leaching technique. Energy Sources, 17, 485-493.
    • (1995) Energy Sources , vol.17 , pp. 485-493
    • Sharma, D.K.1    Singh, S.K.2
  • 79
    • 84872169613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coal-fired power plant heat rate and efficiency improvement in India
    • APEC Workshop on Options to Reduce CO2 Emissions. Centre for Power Efficiency and Environmental Protection, National Thermal Power Corporation Limited. Retrieved from
    • Sharma, S. C. D. (2004). Coal-fired power plant heat rate and efficiency improvement in India. APEC Workshop on Options to Reduce CO2 Emissions. Centre for Power Efficiency and Environmental Protection, National Thermal Power Corporation Limited. Retrieved from http://www.egcfe.ewg.apec.org/publications/proceedings/EGCFE/CO2emissions_Australia_2004/presentations/sharma.pdf.
    • (2004)
    • Sharma, S.C.D.1
  • 80
    • 0000991084 scopus 로고
    • Problems of exploration and exploitation of magnesite deposits of Jhiroli in Almora District, U.P.
    • Shrivastava, R. K. (1987). Problems of exploration and exploitation of magnesite deposits of Jhiroli in Almora District, U.P. Indian Ceramics, 30(8), 157-161.
    • (1987) Indian Ceramics , vol.30 , Issue.8 , pp. 157-161
    • Shrivastava, R.K.1
  • 81
    • 84872167774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methane gas: An unconventional energy resource
    • Retrieved from
    • Singh, A., & Singh, B. D. (1999). Methane gas: An unconventional energy resource. Retrieved from http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/jun25/articles15.htm.
    • (1999)
    • Singh, A.1    Singh, B.D.2
  • 82
    • 84872142781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In T. N. Singh & M. L. Gupta (Eds.), Proceedings of the international symposium on clean coal initiatives New Delhi, India: Oxford & IBH.
    • Singh, A. K., Kispotta, J., Singh, H., & Mendhe, V. A. (1999). Indian scenario of coal bed methane. In T. N. Singh & M. L. Gupta (Eds.), Proceedings of the international symposium on clean coal initiatives New Delhi, India: Oxford & IBH. 729-737.
    • (1999) Indian scenario of coal bed methane. , pp. 729-737
    • Singh, A.K.1    Kispotta, J.2    Singh, H.3    Mendhe, V.A.4
  • 83
    • 0041627557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Production of ultra clean coal by sequential leaching with HF followed by HNO3
    • Steel, K. M., & Patrick, J. W. (2003). Production of ultra clean coal by sequential leaching with HF followed by HNO3. Fuel, 82(15-17), 1917-1920.
    • (2003) Fuel , vol.82 , Issue.15-17 , pp. 1917-1920
    • Steel, K.M.1    Patrick, J.W.2
  • 84
    • 84872142942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steelguru. (April 2). TATA Steel receives patent for organo refining process to produce low ash. Retrieved from
    • Steelguru. (April 2). TATA Steel receives patent for organo refining process to produce low ash. Retrieved from http://www.steelguru.com/international_news/TATA_Steel_receives_patent_for_organo_refining_process_to_produce_low_ash/257234.html 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 85
    • 84872122350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • March 29). India's forays into CCS. Global CCS Institute blog. Retrieved from
    • Stefanova, K. (2011, March 29). India's forays into CCS. Global CCS Institute blog. Retrieved from http://www.globalccsinstitute.com/community/blogs/authors/kristinastefanova/2011/03/29/india%E2%80%99s-forays-ccs.
    • (2011)
    • Stefanova, K.1
  • 86
    • 84872126651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coupling CO2 capture and storage with coal gasification: Defining "sequestration-ready" IGCC. Presented at the Fourth Annual Conference on Carbon Capture and Sequestration, May 2-5. Retrieved from
    • Stephens, J. C. (2005). Coupling CO2 capture and storage with coal gasification: Defining "sequestration-ready" IGCC. Presented at the Fourth Annual Conference on Carbon Capture and Sequestration, May 2-5. Retrieved from 2005 http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/05/carbon-seq/Tech%20Session%20Paper%20144.pdf.
    • (2005)
    • Stephens, J.C.1
  • 88
    • 84872170230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • UCG Association. How UCG works. Retrieved from UCG Engineering Ltd. (n.d.). Basic concepts of underground coal gasification. Retrieved from
    • UCG Association. How UCG works. Retrieved from UCG Engineering Ltd. (n.d.). Basic concepts of underground coal gasification. Retrieved from http://www.ucgassociation.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=67&Itemid=459.http://www.ucgengineering.com/concept.html 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 89
    • 84872122355 scopus 로고
    • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. New York, NY: United Nations.
    • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. New York, NY: United Nations. 1992.
    • (1992)
  • 90
    • 84872134994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Energy. (2011a). Gasification technology R&D. Retrieved from
    • US Department of Energy. (2011a). Gasification technology R&D. Retrieved from http://www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/powersystems/gasification/.
  • 91
    • 84872161910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Energy. (2011b). How coal gasification power plants work. Retrieved from
    • US Department of Energy. (2011b). How coal gasification power plants work. Retrieved from http://www.fossil.energy.gov/programs/powersystems/gasification/howgasificationworks.html.
  • 92
    • 84872149572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Energy. Knocking the NOx out of coal. Retrieved from
    • US Department of Energy. Knocking the NOx out of coal. Retrieved from http://www.fossil.energy.gov/education/energylessons/coal/coal_cct3.html 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 93
    • 84872159327 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Energy. The clean coal technology program. Retrieved from
    • US Department of Energy. The clean coal technology program. Retrieved from 2011 http://fossil.energy.gov/education/energylessons/coal/coal_cct2.html.
    • (2011)
  • 94
    • 84872146531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory. DOE/NETL's mercury control technology R&D program review, July 14-15, 2004, conference proceedings. Retrieved from
    • US Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory. DOE/NETL's mercury control technology R&D program review, July 14-15, 2004, conference proceedings. Retrieved from 2004 http://www.netl.doe.gov/publications/proceedings/04/HgReview/hg-review04.html.
    • (2004)
  • 95
    • 84872160205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Energy Information Administration. India. Retrieved from
    • US Energy Information Administration. India. Retrieved from 2011 http://205.254.135.7/countries/cab.cfm?fips=IN.
    • (2011)
  • 96
    • 84872134410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Energy Information Administration. International energy outlook 2011, world total primary energy consumption by region, reference case, 2006-2035. Washington, DC: Author.
    • US Energy Information Administration. International energy outlook 2011, world total primary energy consumption by region, reference case, 2006-2035. Washington, DC: Author. 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 97
    • 84872155347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. Coalbed methane extraction. Retrieved from
    • US Environmental Protection Agency. Coalbed methane extraction. Retrieved from http://water.epa.gov/scitech/wastetech/guide/cbm_index.cfm 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 98
    • 84872149861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • September 15). Oxyfuel carbon capture trial launched. Chemistry World. Retrieved from
    • Van Noorden, R. (2008, September 15). Oxyfuel carbon capture trial launched. Chemistry World. Retrieved from http://www.rsc.org/chemistryworld/News/2008/September/15090801.asp.
    • (2008)
    • Van Noorden, R.1
  • 99
    • 84877609166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire in the hole
    • Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Retrieved from
    • Walter, K. (2007, April). Fire in the hole. Science & Technology Review. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Retrieved from https://www.llnl.gov/str/April07/Friedmann.html.
    • (2007) Science & Technology Review
    • Walter, K.1
  • 100
    • 84872168672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Working Group on Underground Coal Gasification. Status report on underground coal gasification. Report to the government of India. Retrieved from
    • Working Group on Underground Coal Gasification. Status report on underground coal gasification. Report to the government of India. Retrieved from http://psa.gov.in/writereaddata/11913281701_ucg.pdf 2007.
    • (2007)
  • 101
    • 84872123122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Bank. CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). Retrieved from
    • World Bank. CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita). Retrieved from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/EN.ATM.CO2E.PC. 2012.
    • (2012)
  • 102
    • 84872159285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Coal Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from
    • World Coal Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.worldcoal.org/.
  • 103
    • 84872151857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Coal Institute. The coal resource: A comprehensive overview of coal. London UK: Author.
    • World Coal Institute. The coal resource: A comprehensive overview of coal. London UK: Author. 2005.
    • (2005)


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.