Osteotomy around the knee: Evolution, principles and results

Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy

Volumn 21, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 3-22

  Smith, J O ^a   Wilson, A J ^a   Thomas, N P ^a  

^a BASINGSTOKE AND NORTH HAMPSHIRE HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Evolution; History; Knee; Osteotomy; Principles; Results; Tibia

Indexed keywords

ARTHROPATHY; EQUIPMENT; EUROPE; FEMUR; HISTORY; HUMAN; JOINT INSTABILITY; KNEE; KNEE ARTHROPLASTY; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; METHODOLOGY; MORTALITY; OSTEOTOMY; PREOPERATIVE CARE; REVIEW; TIBIA; UNITED STATES;

ARTHROPLASTY, REPLACEMENT, KNEE; EUROPE; FEMUR; HISTORY, 18TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 19TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 20TH CENTURY; HISTORY, 21ST CENTURY; HISTORY, ANCIENT; HUMANS; JOINT DEFORMITIES, ACQUIRED; JOINT INSTABILITY; KNEE JOINT; OSTEOARTHRITIS, KNEE; OSTEOTOMY; PREOPERATIVE CARE; TIBIA; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84871921444     PISSN: 09422056     EISSN: 14337347     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00167-012-2206-0     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. Adams W (1879) On subcutaneous osteotomy. Br Med J 2: 604-606.
2. Aglietti P, Buzzi R, Vena LM, Baldini A, Mondaini A (2003) High tibial valgus osteotomy for medial gonarthrosis: a 10- to 21-year study. J Knee Surg 16: 21-26.
3. Aglietti P, Menchetti PP (2000) Distal femoral varus osteotomy in the valgus osteoarthritic knee. Am J Knee Surg 13: 89-95.
4. Ahlberg A, Scham S, Unander-Scharin L (1968) Osteotomy in degenerative and rheumatoid arthritis of the knee joint. Acta Orthop Scand 39: 379-388.
5. Amendola A, Panarella L (2005) High tibial osteotomy for the treatment of unicompartmental arthritis of the knee. Orthop Clin North Am 36: 497-504.
6. Appel H, Friberg S (1973) Effect of osteotomy on pain in idiopathic osteoarthritis of the hip. Acta Orthop Scand 44: 710-718.
7. Babis GC, An KN, Chao EY, Rand JA, Sim FH (2002) Double level osteotomy of the knee: a method to retain joint-line obliquity. Clinical results. J Bone Joint Surg Am 84-A: 1380-1388.
8. Badhe NP, Forster IW (2002) High tibial osteotomy in knee instability: the rationale of treatment and early results. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 10: 38-43.
9. Bae DK, Song SJ, Yoon KH (2009) Closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy using computer-assisted surgery compared to the conventional technique. J Bone Joint Surg Br 91: 1164-1171.
10. Bauer GC, Insall J, Koshino T (1969) Tibial osteotomy in gonarthrosis (osteo-arthritis of the knee). J Bone Joint Surg Am 51: 1545-1563.
11. Benjamin A (1969) Double osteotomy for the painful knee in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 51: 694-699.
12. Benzakour T, Hefti A, Lemseffer M, El Ahmadi JD, Bouyarmane H, Benzakour A (2010) High tibial osteotomy for medial osteoarthritis of the knee: 15 years follow-up. Int Orthop 34: 209-215.
13. Bhan S, Dave PK (1992) High valgus tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the knee. Int Orthop 16: 13-17.
14. Bonnin M, Chambat P (2004) Current status of valgus angle, tibial head closing wedge osteotomy in media gonarthrosis. Orthopade 33: 135-142.
15. Brett AL (1935) Operative correction of genu recurvatum. J Bone Joint Surg Am 17: 984-989.
16. Brinkman JM, Lobenhoffer P, Agneskirchner JD, Staubli AE, Wymenga AB, van Heerwaarden RJ (2008) Osteotomies around the knee: patient selection, stability of fixation and bone healing in high tibial osteotomies. J Bone Joint Surg Br 90: 1548-1557.
17. Brittain HA (1948) Treatment of genu valgum; the discarded iron. Br Med J 2: 385-387.
18. Brouwer RW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, van Raaij TM, Verhaar JA (2006) Osteotomy for medial compartment arthritis of the knee using a closing wedge or an opening wedge controlled by a Puddu plate. A one-year randomised, controlled study. J Bone Joint Surg Br 88: 1454-1459.
19. Cass JR, Bryan RS (1988) High tibial osteotomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 230: 196-199.
20. Coventry MB (1965) Osteotomy of the upper portion of the tibia for degenerative arthritis of the knee. A preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg Am 47: 984-990.
21. Coventry MB (1969) Stepped staple for upper tibial osteotomy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 51: 1011.
22. Coventry MB (1973) Osteotomy about the knee for degenerative and rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 55: 23-48.
23. Coventry MB (1984) Upper tibial osteotomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 182: 46-52.
24. Coventry MB (1985) Upper tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 67: 1136-1140.
25. Coventry MB, Ilstrup DM, Wallrichs SL (1993) Proximal tibial osteotomy. A critical long-term study of eighty-seven cases. J Bone Joint Surg Am 75: 196-201.
26. DeMeo PJ, Johnson EM, Chiang PP, Flamm AM, Miller MC (2010) Midterm follow-up of opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy. Am J Sports Med 38: 2077-2084.
27. Di Stefano S, Cohen J (1991) Incomplete nondisplaced tibial osteotomy for treatment of osteoarthritic knee pain. Contemp Orthop 23: 455-468.
28. Dugdale TW, Noyes FR, Styer D (1992) Preoperative planning for high tibial osteotomy. The effect of lateral tibiofemoral separation and tibiofemoral length. Clin Orthop Relat Res 274: 248-264.
29. Engel GM, Lippert FG III (1981) Valgus tibial osteotomy: avoiding the pitfalls. Clin Orthop Relat Res 160: 137-143.
30. Flecher X, Parratte S, Aubaniac JM, Argenson JN (2006) A 12-28-year followup study of closing wedge high tibial osteotomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 452: 91-96.
31. Fujisawa Y, Masuhara K, Shiomi S (1979) The effect of high tibial osteotomy on osteoarthritis of the knee. An arthroscopic study of 54 knee joints. Orthop Clin North Am 10: 585-608.
32. Gaasbeek RD, Nicolaas L, Rijnberg WJ, van Loon CJ, van Kampen A (2010) Correction accuracy and collateral laxity in open versus closed wedge high tibial osteotomy. A one-year randomised controlled study. Int Orthop 34: 201-207.
33. Gaasbeek RD, Welsing RT, Verdonschot N, Rijnberg WJ, van Loon CJ, van Kampen A (2005) Accuracy and initial stability of open- and closed-wedge high tibial osteotomy: a cadaveric RSA study. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 13: 689-694.
34. Gariepy R (1964) Genu varum treated by high tibial osteotomy. In proceedings of the joint meeting of orthopaedic associations. J Bone Joint Surg Br 46: 783-784.
35. Gebhard F, Krettek C, Hufner T, Grutzner PA, Stockle U, Imhoff AB, Lorenz S, Ljungqvist J, Keppler P (2011) Reliability of computer-assisted surgery as an intraoperative ruler in navigated high tibial osteotomy. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 131: 297-302.
36. Griffiths DL, Brockbank W (1949) Orthopaedic surgery in the 16. and 17. centuries; traction apparatus; the vidian pictures. J Bone Joint Surg Br 31B: 313-317.
37. Gstottner M, Pedross F, Liebensteiner M, Bach C (2008) Long-term outcome after high tibial osteotomy. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 128: 111-115.
38. Harris WR, Kostuik JP (1970) High tibial osteotomy for osteo-arthritis of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am 52: 330-336.
39. Healy WL, Anglen JO, Wasilewski SA, Krackow KA (1988) Distal femoral varus osteotomy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 70: 102-109.
40. Hernigou P, Medevielle D, Debeyre J, Goutallier D (1987) Proximal tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis with varus deformity. A ten to thirteen-year follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 69: 332-354.
41. Holden DL, James SL, Larson RL, Slocum DB (1988) Proximal tibial osteotomy in patients who are fifty years old or less. A long-term follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 70: 977-982.
42. Huang TL, Tseng KF, Chen WM, Lin RM, Wu JJ, Chen TH (2005) Preoperative tibiofemoral angle predicts survival of proximal tibia osteotomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 432: 188-195.
43. Hui C, Salmon LJ, Kok A, Williams HA, Hockers N, van der Tempel WM, Chana R, Pinczewski LA (2011) Long-term survival of high tibial osteotomy for medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. Am J Sports Med 39: 64-70.
44. Insall J, Shoji H, Mayer V (1974) High tibial osteotomy. A five-year evaluation. J Bone Joint Surg Am 56: 1397-1405.
45. Insall JN, Joseph DM, Msika C (1984) High tibial osteotomy for varus gonarthrosis. A long-term follow-up study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 66: 1040-1048.
46. Ivarsson I, Myrnerts R, Gillquist J (1990) High tibial osteotomy for medial osteoarthritis of the knee. A 5 to 7 and 11 year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Br 72: 238-244.
47. Jackson JP (1958) Osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Br 40: 826.
48. Jackson JP, Waugh W (1961) Tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Br 43-B: 746-751.
49. Jackson JP, Waugh W (1974) The technique and complications of upper tibial osteotomy. A review of 226 operations. J Bone Joint Surg Br 56: 236-245.
50. Keene JS, Dyreby JR Jr (1983) High tibial osteotomy in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee. The role of preoperative arthroscopy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 65: 36-42.
51. Keene JS, Monson DK, Roberts JM, Dyreby JR Jr (1989) Evaluation of patients for high tibial osteotomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 243: 157-165.
52. Kettelkamp DB, Wenger DR, Chao EY, Thompson C (1976) Results of proximal tibial osteotomy. The effects of tibiofemoral angle, stance-phase flexion-extension, and medial-plateau force. J Bone Joint Surg Am 58: 952-960.
53. Koshino T, Morii T, Wada J, Saito H, Ozawa N, Noyori K (1989) High tibial osteotomy with fixation by a blade plate for medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. Orthop Clin North Am 20: 227-243.
54. Krackow KA (2004) Proximal tibial osteotomy: where did you go? J Arthroplasty 19: 5-8.
55. Levy M, Pauker M, Lotem M, Seelenfreund M, Fried A (1973) High tibial osteotomy: a follow-up study and description of a modified technic. Clin Orthop Relat Res 93: 274-277.
56. Little LS (1871) A case of bony ankylosis of the knee-joint, treated by subcutaneous section of the bone. Med Chir Trans 54: 247-252.
57. Lobenhoffer P, van Heerwaarden R, Staubli A, Jakob R (2009) Osteotomies around the knee: indications-planning-surgical techniques using plate fixators. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart.
58. Macewen W (1879) Antiseptic osteotomy in genu valgum and anterior tibial curves: with a few remarks on the pathology of knock-knee. Br Med J 2: 607-609.
59. Macewen W (1880) Osteotomy, with an inquiry into the aetiology and pathology of knock-knee, bow-leg, and other osseous deformities of the lower limbs. J. & A. Churchill, London.
60. Magyar G, Ahl TL, Vibe P, Toksvig-Larsen S, Lindstrand A (1999) Open-wedge osteotomy by hemicallotasis or the closed-wedge technique for osteoarthritis of the knee. A randomised study of 50 operations. J Bone Joint Surg Br 81: 444-448.
61. Magyar G, Toksvig-Larsen S, Lindstrand A (1998) Open wedge tibial osteotomy by callus distraction in gonarthrosis. Operative technique and early results in 36 patients. Acta Orthop Scand 69: 147-151.
62. Majima T, Yasuda K, Katsuragi R, Kaneda K (2000) Progression of joint arthrosis 10 to 15 years after high tibial osteotomy. Clin Orthop Relat Res 381: 177-184.
63. Maniscalco P (2003) High tibial osteotomy with external fixator in the varus gonarthritic knee. Acta Biomed 74: 76-80.
64. Marti R, van Heerwaarden R (2008) Osteotomies for posttraumatic deformities. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart.
65. Matthews LS, Goldstein SA, Malvitz TA, Katz BP, Kaufer H (1988) Proximal tibial osteotomy. Factors that influence the duration of satisfactory function. Clin Orthop Relat Res 229: 193-200.
66. McDermott AG, Finklestein JA, Farine I, Boynton EL, MacIntosh DL, Gross A (1988) Distal femoral varus osteotomy for valgus deformity of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am 70: 110-116.
67. Meidinger G, Imhoff AB, Paul J, Kirchhoff C, Sauerschnig M, Hinterwimmer S (2011) May smokers and overweight patients be treated with a medial open-wedge HTO? Risk factors for non-union. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 19: 333-339.
68. Miller BS, Downie B, McDonough EB, Wojtys EM (2009) Complications after medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy. Arthroscopy 25: 639-646.
69. Miller BS, Joseph TA, Barry EM, Rich VJ, Sterett WI (2007) Patient satisfaction after medial opening high tibial osteotomy and microfracture. J Knee Surg 20: 129-133.
70. Miniaci A, Ballmer FT, Ballmer PM, Jakob RP (1989) Proximal tibial osteotomy. A new fixation device. Clin Orthop Relat Res 246: 250-259.
71. Muller W, Jani L (1971) Experiences with 75 high tibial osteotomies. Reconstr Surg Traumatol 12: 53-63.
72. Myrnerts R (1980) High tibial osteotomy with overcorrection of varus malalignment in medial gonarthrosis. Acta Orthop Scand 51: 557-560.
73. Nagel A, Insall JN, Scuderi GR (1996) Proximal tibial osteotomy. A subjective outcome study. J Bone Joint Surg Am 78: 1353-1358.
74. Nakamura E, Mizuta H, Kudo S, Takagi K, Sakamoto K (2001) Open-wedge osteotomy of the proximal tibia with hemicallotasis. J Bone Joint Surg Br 83: 1111-1115.
75. Naudie D, Bourne RB, Rorabeck CH, Bourne TJ (1999) The Install Award. Survivorship of the high tibial valgus osteotomy. A 10- to -22-year followup study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 367: 18-27.
76. Nelissen EM, van Langelaan EJ, Nelissen RG (2010) Stability of medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy: a failure analysis. Int Orthop 34: 217-223.
77. Niemeyer P, Koestler W, Kaehny C, Kreuz PC, Brooks CJ, Strohm PC, Helwig P, Suedkamp NP (2008) Two-year results of open-wedge high tibial osteotomy with fixation by medial plate fixator for medial compartment arthritis with varus malalignment of the knee. Arthroscopy 24: 796-804.
78. Niemeyer P, Schmal H, Hauschild O, von Heyden J, Sudkamp NP, Kostler W (2010) Open-wedge osteotomy using an internal plate fixator in patients with medial-compartment gonarthritis and varus malalignment: 3-year results with regard to preoperative arthroscopic and radiographic findings. Arthroscopy 26: 1607-1616.
79. Noyes FR, Goebel SX, West J (2005) Opening wedge tibial osteotomy: the 3-triangle method to correct axial alignment and tibial slope. Am J Sports Med 33: 378-387.
80. Odenbring S, Egund N, Hagstedt B, Larsson J, Lindstrand A, Toksvig-Larsen S (1991) Ten-year results of tibial osteotomy for medial gonarthrosis. The influence of overcorrection. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 110: 103-108.
81. Odenbring S, Egund N, Knutson K, Lindstrand A, Larsen ST (1990) Revision after osteotomy for gonarthrosis. A 10-19-year follow-up of 314 cases. Acta Orthop Scand 61: 128-130.
82. Odenbring S, Tjornstrand B, Egund N, Hagstedt B, Hovelius L, Lindstrand A, Luxhoj T, Svanstrom A (1989) Function after tibial osteotomy for medial gonarthrosis below aged 50 years. Acta Orthop Scand 60: 527-531.
83. Ogata K (1984) Interlocking wedge osteotomy of the proximal tibia for gonarthrosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 186: 129-134.
84. Pachelli AF, Kaufman EE (1987) Long-term results of valgus tibial osteotomy. Orthopedics 10: 1415-1418.
85. Paley D (2002) Principles of deformity correction. Springer, New York.
86. Pape D, Rupp S (2007) Preoperative planning for high tibial osteotomies. Oper Tech Orthop 17: 2-11.
87. Pennington TH (1994) Osteotomy as an indicator of antiseptic surgical practice. Med Hist 38: 178-188.
88. Pongsoipetch B, Tantikul C (2009) Open-wedge high tibial osteotomy in varus knee osteoarthritis: a 5-year prospective cohort study. J Med Assoc Thai 92(Suppl 6): S109-S114.
89. Prodromos CC, Andriacchi TP, Galante JO (1985) A relationship between gait and clinical changes following high tibial osteotomy. J Bone Joint Surg Am 67: 1188-1194.
90. Ranieri L, Traina GC, Maci C (1977) High tibial osteotomy in osteoarthrosis of the knee (a long term clinical study of 187 knees). Ital J Orthop Traumatol 3: 289-300.
91. Rinonapoli E, Aglietti P, Mancini GB, Buzzi R (1988) High tibial osteotomy in the treatment of arthritic varus knee. A medium term (small) review of 61 cases. Ital J Orthop Traumatol 14: 283-292.
92. Rinonapoli E, Mancini GB, Corvaglia A, Musiello S (1998) Tibial osteotomy for varus gonarthrosis. A 10- to 21-year followup study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 353: 185-193.
93. Ritter MA, Fechtman RA (1988) Proximal tibial osteotomy. A survivorship analysis. J Arthroplasty 3: 309-311.
94. Ronn K, Reischl N, Gautier E, Jacobi M (2011) Current surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis 2011: 454873.
95. Rudan JF, Simurda MA (1990) High tibial osteotomy. A prospective clinical and roentgenographic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 255: 251-256.
96. Rudan JF, Simurda MA (1991) Valgus high tibial osteotomy. A long-term follow-up study. Clin Orthop Relat Res 268: 157-160.
97. Salzmann GM, Ahrens P, Naal FD, El-Azab H, Spang JT, Imhoff AB, Lorenz S (2009) Sporting activity after high tibial osteotomy for the treatment of medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Am J Sports Med 37: 312-318.
98. Saragaglia D, Blaysat M, Inman D, Mercier N (2011) Outcome of opening wedge high tibial osteotomy augmented with a Biosorb(R) wedge and fixed with a plate and screws in 124 patients with a mean of ten years follow-up. Int Orthop 35: 1151-1156.
99. Schallberger A, Jacobi M, Wahl P, Maestretti G, Jakob RP (2011) High tibial valgus osteotomy in unicompartmental medial osteoarthritis of the knee: a retrospective follow-up study over 13-21 years. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 19: 122-127.
100. Schroter S, Gonser CE, Konstantinidis L, Helwig P, Albrecht D (2011) High complication rate after biplanar open wedge high tibial osteotomy stabilized with a new spacer plate (Position HTO plate) without bone substitute. Arthroscopy 27: 644-652.
101. Seal PV, Chan RN (1975) Tibial osteotomy for osteoarthrosis of the knee. Acta Orthop Scand 46: 141-151.
102. Shim JS, Lee SH, Jung HJ, Lee HI (2011) High tibial open wedge osteotomy below the tibial tubercle: clinical and radiographic results. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. doi: 10. 1007/s00167-011-1453-9.
103. Shoji H, Insall J (1973) High tibial osteotomy for osteoarthritis of the knee with valgus deformity. J Bone Joint Surg Am 55: 963-973.
104. Smith TO, Sexton D, Mitchell P, Hing CB (2011) Opening- or closing-wedged high tibial osteotomy: a meta-analysis of clinical and radiological outcomes. Knee 18: 361-368.
105. Sprenger TR, Doerzbacher JF (2003) Tibial osteotomy for the treatment of varus gonarthrosis. Survival and failure analysis to twenty-two years. J Bone Joint Surg Am 85-A: 469-474.
106. Staubli AE, De SC, Babst R, Lobenhoffer P (2003) TomoFix: a new LCP-concept for open wedge osteotomy of the medial proximal tibia-early results in 92 cases. Injury 34(Suppl 2): B55-B62.
107. Sundaram NA, Hallett JP, Sullivan MF (1986) Dome osteotomy of the tibia for osteoarthritis of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Br 68: 782-786.
108. Surin V, Markhede G, Sundholm K (1975) Factors influencing results of high tibial osteotomy in gonarthrosis. Acta Orthop Scand 46: 996-1007.
109. Takeuchi R, Ishikawa H, Aratake M, Bito H, Saito I, Kumagai K, Akamatsu Y, Saito T (2009) Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy with early full weight bearing. Arthroscopy 25: 46-53.
110. Tjornstrand BA, Egund N, Hagstedt BV (1981) High tibial osteotomy: a seven-year clinical and radiographic follow-up. Clin Orthop Relat Res 160: 124-136.
111. Valenti JR, Calvo R, Lopez R, Canadell J (1990) Long term evaluation of high tibial valgus osteotomy. Int Orthop 14: 347-349.
112. van Raaij TM, Reijman M, Brouwer RW, Jakma TS, Verhaar JN (2008) Survival of closing-wedge high tibial osteotomy: good outcome in men with low-grade osteoarthritis after 10-16 years. Acta Orthop 79: 230-234.
113. Warden SJ, Morris HG, Crossley KM, Brukner PD, Bennell KL (2005) Delayed- and non-union following opening wedge high tibial osteotomy: surgeons' results from 182 completed cases. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 13: 34-37.
114. Wardle EN (1962) Osteotomy of the tibia and fibula. Surg Gynecol Obstet 115: 61-64.
115. Wardle EN (1964) Osteotomy of the tibia and fibula in the treatment of chronic osteoarthritis of the knee. Postgrad Med J 40: 536-542.
116. Wright J, Heck D, Hawker G, Dittus R, Freund D, Joyce D, Paul J, Young W, Coyte P (1995) Rates of tibial osteotomies in Canada and the United States. Clin Orthop Relat Res 319: 266-275.
117. Wright JM, Crockett HC, Slawski DP, Madsen MW, Windsor RE (2005) High tibial osteotomy. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 13: 279-289.
118. Yacobucci GN, Cocking MR (2008) Union of medial opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy using a corticocancellous proximal tibial wedge allograft. Am J Sports Med 36: 713-719.
119. Yasuda K, Majima T, Tsuchida T, Kaneda K (1992) A ten- to 15-year follow-up observation of high tibial osteotomy in medial compartment osteoarthrosis. Clin Orthop Relat Res 282: 186-195.
120. Zaki SH, Rae PJ (2009) High tibial valgus osteotomy using the Tomofix plate-medium-term results in young patients. Acta Orthop Belg 75: 360-367.