Transmission of hepatitis C virus among people who inject drugs: Viral stability and association with drug preparation equipment

Journal of Infectious Diseases

Volumn 207, Issue 2, 2013, Pages 281-287

  Doerrbecker, Juliane ^a   Behrendt, Patrick ^a,b   Mateu Gelabert, Pedro ^d   Ciesek, Sandra ^a,b   Riebesehl, Nina ^a   Wilhelm, Corinne ^a   Steinmann, Joerg ^c   Pietschmann, Thomas ^a   Steinmann, Eike ^a  

^a HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR INFECTION RESEARCH   (Germany)

^b HANNOVER MEDICAL SCHOOL   (Germany)

^c UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL ESSEN   (Germany)

^d NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH INSTITUTES   (United States)

Author keywords

Hepatitis C virus; injecting drug users; paraphernalia; transmission

Indexed keywords

DRINKING WATER;

ARTICLE; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DRUG USE; FILTER; HEPATITIS C; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HUMAN; IN VITRO STUDY; INCUBATION TIME; INOCULATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PUBLIC HEALTH; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; VIRUS INFECTIVITY; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS SURVIVAL; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

CELL LINE, TUMOR; CROSS INFECTION; EQUIPMENT CONTAMINATION; FILTRATION; HEPACIVIRUS; HEPATITIS C; HUMANS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS; WATER;

EID: 84871797952     PISSN: 00221899     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jis677     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Lavanchy D. Evolving epidemiology of hepatitis C virus. Clin Micro-biol Infect 2011; 17:107-15.
2. Hoofnagle JH. Hepatitis C: the clinical spectrum of disease. Hepatol-ogy 1997; 26:15S-20S.
3. Seeff LB. Natural history of chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology 2002; 36: S35-46.
4. Manns MP, Wedemeyer H, Cornberg M. Treating viral hepatitis C: efficacy, side effects, and complications. Gut 2006; 55:1350-9.
5. Alter MJ. Prevention of spread of hepatitis C. Hepatology 2002; 36: S93-8.
6. Esteban JI, Gomez J, Martell M, et al. Transmission of hepatitis C virus by a cardiac surgeon. N Engl J Med 1996; 334:555-60.
7. Macedo de Oliveira A, White KL, Leschinsky DP, et al. An outbreak of hepatitis C virus infections among outpatients at a hematology/on-cology clinic. Ann Intern Med 2005; 142:898-902.
8. Williams IT, Perz JF, Bell BP. Viral hepatitis transmission in ambulatory health care settings. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38:1592-8.
9. Yeung LT, King SM, Roberts EA. Mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2001; 34:223-9.
10. Nelson PK, Mathers BM, Cowie B, et al. Global epidemiology of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in people who inject drugs: results of systematic reviews. Lancet 2011; 378:571-83.
11. Shapshak P, Somboonwit C, Drumright LN, et al. Molecular and contextual markers of hepatitis C virus and drug abuse. Mol Diagn Ther 2009; 13:153-79.
12. Hagan H. Agent, host, and environment: hepatitis C virus in people who inject drugs. J Infect Dis 2011; 204:1819-21.
13. Hagan H, Pouget ER, Williams IT, et al. Attribution of hepatitis C virus seroconversion risk in young injection drug users in 5 US cities. J Infect Dis 2010; 201:378-85.
14. Hagan H, Thiede H, Weiss NS, Hopkins SG, Duchin JS, Alexander ER. Sharing of drug preparation equipment as a risk factor for hepatitis C. Am J Public Health 2001; 91:42-6.
15. Lauer GM, Walker BD. Hepatitis C virus infection. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:41-52.
16. Hahn JA, Page-Shafer K, Lum PJ, et al. Hepatitis C virus seroconver-sion among young injection drug users: relationships and risks. J Infect Dis 2002; 186:1558-64.
17. Koester S, Glanz J, Baron A. Drug sharing among heroin networks: implications for HIV and hepatitis B and C prevention. AIDS Behav 2005; 9:27-39.
18. Strike C, Buchman DZ, Callaghan RC, et al. Giving away used injection equipment: missed prevention message? Harm Reduct J 2010; 7:2.
19. Thorpe LE, Ouellet LJ, Hershow R, et al. Risk of hepatitis C virus infection among young adult injection drug users who share injection equipment. Am J Epidemiol 2002; 155:645-53.
20. Edlin BR, Carden MR. Injection drug users: the overlooked core of the hepatitis C epidemic. Clin Infect Dis 2006; 42:673-6.
21. Bluthenthal RN, Kral AH, Gee L, Erringer EA, Edlin BR. The effect of syringe exchange use on high-risk injection drug users: a cohort study. AIDS 2000; 14:605-11.
22. Pouget ER, Hagan H, Des Jarlais DC. Meta-analysis of hepatitis C se-roconversion in relation to shared syringes and drug preparation equipment. Addiction 2012; 107:1057-65.
23. Lindenbach BD, Evans MJ, Syder AJ, et al. Complete replication of hepatitis C virus in cell culture. Science 2005; 309:623-6.
24. Wakita T, Pietschmann T, Kato T, et al. Production of infectious hepatitis C virus in tissue culture from a cloned viral genome. Nat Med 2005; 11:791-6.
25. Zhong J, Gastaminza P, Cheng G, et al. Robust hepatitis C virus infection in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:9294-9.
26. Ciesek S, Friesland M, Steinmann J, et al. How stable is the hepatitis C virus (HCV)? Environmental stability of HCV and its susceptibility to chemical biocides. J Infect Dis 2010; 201:1859-66.
27. Doerrbecker J, Friesland M, Ciesek S, et al. Inactivation and survival of hepatitis C virus on inanimate surfaces. J Infect Dis 2011; 204: 1830-8.
28. Paintsil E, He H, Peters C, Lindenbach BD, Heimer R. Survival of hepatitis C virus in syringes: implication for transmission among injection drug users. J Infect Dis 2010; 202:984-90.
29. Pietschmann T, Kaul A, Koutsoudakis G, et al. Construction and characterization of infectious intragenotypic and intergenotypic hepatitis C virus chimeras. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:7408-13.
30. Reiss S, Rebhan I, Backes P, et al. Recruitment and activation of a lipid kinase by hepatitis C virus NS5A is essential for integrity of the membranous replication compartment. Cell Host Microbe 2011; 9:32-45.
31. Steinmann E, Brohm C, Kallis S, Bartenschlager R, Pietschmann T. Efficient trans-encapsidation of hepatitis C virus RNAs into infectious virus-like particles. J Virol 2008; 82:7034-46.
32. Mateu-Gelabert P, Learned J, Sandoval M, Friedman SR. Staying safe: strategies to help injection drug users avoid acquiring and transmitting HIV and hepatitis C. Unpublished prevention manual. National Development Research Institutes, 2011.
33. Hunter GM, Donoghoe MC, Stimson GV, Rhodes T, Chalmers CP. Changes in the injecting risk behaviour of injecting drug users in London, 1990-1993. AIDS 1995; 9:493-501.
34. Scott J, Winfield A, Kennedy E, Bond C. Laboratory study of the effects of citric and ascorbic acids on injections prepared with brown heroin. Int J Drug Policy 2000; 11:417-22.
35. Gottwein JM, Bukh J. Cutting the gordian knot-development and biological relevance of hepatitis C virus cell culture systems. Adv Virus Res 2008; 71:51-133.
36. Bond WW, Favero MS, Petersen NJ, Gravelle CR, Ebert JW, Maynard JE. Survival of hepatitis B virus after drying and storage for one week. Lancet 1981; 1:550-1.
37. Shata MT, Tricoche N, Perkus M, et al. Exposure to low infective doses of HCV induces cellular immune responses without consistently detectable viremia or seroconversion in chimpanzees. Virology 2003; 314:601-16.
38. Thibault V, Bara JL, Nefau T, Duplessy-Garson C. Hepatitis C transmission in injection drug users: could swabs be the main culprit? J Infect Dis 2011; 204:1839-42.
39. Gillies M, Palmateer N, Hutchinson S, Ahmed S, Taylor A, Goldberg D. The provision of non-needle/syringe drug injecting paraphernalia in the primary prevention of HCV among IDU: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2010; 10:721.
40. Friedman SR, Mateu-Gelabert P, Sandoval M, Hagan H, Des Jarlais DC. Positive deviance control-case life history: a method to develop grounded hypotheses about successful long-term avoidance of infection. BMC Public Health 2008; 8:94.