Management of patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension causing altered level of consciousness: Report of two cases and review of literature

Cephalalgia

Volumn 33, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 43-51

  Ghavanini, Amer A ^a   Scott, Courtney A ^a   Chan, David K ^a   Tang Wai, David F ^a  

^a TORONTO WESTERN HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

alteration in the level of consciousness; Spontaneous intracranial hypotension

Indexed keywords

CEFTAZIDIME; GADOLINIUM; PHENYTOIN; VANCOMYCIN;

ADULT; BLOOD PATCH; CASE REPORT; CLINICAL FEATURE; CONSCIOUSNESS DISORDER; CONSCIOUSNESS LEVEL; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; FEVER; HUMAN; INTRACRANIAL HYPOTENSION; MALE; MEDICAL LITERATURE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; POSTURAL HEADACHE; REVIEW; SEIZURE; TACHYCARDIA; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADULT; AGED; BLOOD PATCH, EPIDURAL; CONSCIOUSNESS DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTRACRANIAL HYPOTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED;

EID: 84871600942     PISSN: 03331024     EISSN: 14682982     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0333102412466963     Document Type: Review

References (31)

1. Schievink WI. Spontaneous spinal cerebrospinal fluid leaks and intracranial hypotension. JAMA. 2006 ; 295: 2286-2296 (Pubitemid 43736579)
2. The International Classification of Headache Disorders. 2nd edn. Cephalalgia. 2004 ; 24: 1-160
3. Schievink WI, Maya MM, Louy C, et al. Diagnostic criteria for spontaneous spinal CSF leak and intracranial hypotension. Am J Neuroradiol. 2008 ; 29: 853-856 (Pubitemid 351684954)
4. Chaudhary N, Cooper P, Lownie SP, et al. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Case series of rare clinical presentations. Can J Neurol Sci. 2011 ; 38: 54-58
5. Dhillon AK, Rabinstein AA, Wijdicks EF. Coma from worsening spontaneous intracranial hypotension after subdural hematoma evacuation. Neurocrit Care. 2010 ; 12: 390-394
6. Sayao AL, Heran MK, Chapman K, et al. Intracranial hypotension causing reversible frontotemporal dementia and coma. Can J Neurol Sci. 2009 ; 36: 252-256
7. Ferrante E, Arpino I, Citterio A, et al. Coma resulting from spontaneous intracranial hypotension treated with the epidural blood patch in the Trendelenburg position pre-medicated with acetazolamide. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2009 ; 111: 699-702
8. Aghaei LA, Hurley MC, Walker MT, et al. Emergent image-guided treatment of a large CSF leak to reverse "in-extremis" signs of intracranial hypotension. Am J Neuroradiol. 2008 ; 29: 1627-1629
9. Sung V. Acute respiratory failure complicating intracranial hypotension. Headache. 2007 ; 47: 1340-1341 (Pubitemid 47561507)
10. Chi NF, Wang SJ, Lirng JF, et al. Transtentorial herniation with cerebral infarction and duret haemorrhage in a patient with spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Cephalalgia. 2007 ; 27: 279-282
11. Schievink WI, Moser FG, Pikul BK. Reversal of coma with an injection of glue. Lancet. 2007 ; 369: 1402-1402
12. Akkawi N, Locatelli P, Borroni B, et al. A complicated case of intracranial hypotension: Diagnostic and management strategies. Neurol Sci. 2006 ; 27: 63-66 (Pubitemid 44026860)
13. Sayer FT, Bodelsson M, Larsson E, et al. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension resulting in coma: Case report. Neurosurgery. 2006 ; 58: E204 - E205
14. Shrikrishna D, Green C, Wood D, et al. Life-threatening spontaneous intracranial hypotension responding to epidural blood patch. Br J Anaesth. 2006 ; 97: 750-750
15. Tsai PH, Wang SJ, Lirng JF, et al. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting as mental deterioration. Headache. 2005 ; 45: 76-80
16. Hlincik P, Nowitzke A. Rapid fluctuations in conscious state in a patient with an extensive spinal dural fistula. J Clin Neurosci. 2005 ; 12: 717-720 (Pubitemid 41196152)
17. Kashmere JL, Jacka MJ, Emery D, et al. Reversible coma: A rare presentation of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Can J Neurol Sci. 2004 ; 31: 565-568 (Pubitemid 39587209)
18. Whiteley W, Al-Shahi R, Myles L, et al. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension causing confusion and coma: A headache for the neurologist and the neurosurgeon. Br J Neurosurg. 2003 ; 17: 456-464
19. Binder DK, Dillon WP, Fishman RA, et al. Intrathecal saline infusion in the treatment of obtundation associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Technical case report. Neurosurgery. 2002 ; 51: 830-836
20. Evan RW, Mokri B. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension resulting in coma. Headache. 2002 ; 42: 159-160 (Pubitemid 34184559)
21. Terajima K, Oi Y, Ogura A, et al. Blood patch therapy for spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Safe performance after epidurography in an unconscious patient. Anesth Analg. 2002 ; 94: 959-961 (Pubitemid 34263747)
22. Beck CE, Rizk NW, Kiger LT, et al. Intracranial hypotension presenting with severe encephalopathy. Case report. J Neurosurg. 1998 ; 89: 470-473 (Pubitemid 28405264)
23. Pleasure SJ, Abosch A, Friedman J, et al. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension resulting in stupor caused by diencephalic compression. Neurology. 1998 ; 50: 1854-1857 (Pubitemid 28283264)
24. Weisfelt M, van den Munckhof P, Majoie CB, et al. Reversal of acute neurological deterioration from spontaneous intracranial hypotension by lumbar subarachnoidal infusion with normal saline. Arch Neurol. 2004 ; 61: 444-445 (Pubitemid 38327366)
25. Schievink WI. Misdiagnosis of spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Arch Neurol. 2003 ; 60: 1713-1718 (Pubitemid 37521624)
26. Desai MJ, Dave AP, Martin MB. Delayed radicular pain following two large volume epidural blood patches for post-lumbar puncture headache: A case report. Pain Physician. 2010 ; 13: 257-262
27. Georga U, Rathore S, Pandian JD, et al. Diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement and subdural and subarachnoid space opacification on delayed postcontrast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Visualizing the Monro-Kellie hypothesis. ANJR Am J Neuroradiol. 2011 ; 32: E16 - E16
28. Savoiardo M, Minati L, Farina L, et al. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension with deep brain swelling. Brain. 2007 ; 130: 1884-1893 (Pubitemid 47343800)
29. Mokri B. The Monro-Kellie hypothesis: Applications in CSF volume depletion. Neurology. 2001 ; 56: 1746-1748 (Pubitemid 32574577)
30. Forghani R, Farb RI. Diagnosis and temporal evolution of signs of intracranial hypotension on MRI of the brain. Neuroradiology. 2008 ; 50: 1025-1034
31. Schievink WI, Maya MM. Cerebral venous thrombosis in spontaneous intracranial hypotension. Headache. 2008 ; 48: 1511-1519