Treatment in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 1275, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 78-84

  Maddison, Paul ^a  

^a QUEEN S MEDICAL CENTRE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

3,4 diaminopyridine; Lambert Eaton myasthenic syndrome; Meta analysis; Steroids; Treatment

Indexed keywords

3,4 DIAMINOPYRIDINE; 4 AMINOPYRIDINE; AZATHIOPRINE; GUANIDINE; IMMUNOGLOBULIN; PREDNISOLONE; PYRIDOSTIGMINE; RITUXIMAB;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ABSENCE OF SIDE EFFECTS; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; BLURRED VISION; BONE MARROW SUPPRESSION; BRAIN ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; DIARRHEA; DIZZINESS; EATON LAMBERT SYNDROME; EPIGASTRIC DISCOMFORT; FATIGUE; GASTROINTESTINAL DISEASE; HEART PALPITATION; HUMAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; INSOMNIA; ISOMETRICS; LOW DRUG DOSE; LUNG SMALL CELL CANCER; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); MUSCLE ACTION POTENTIAL; MUSCLE STRENGTH; NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION; NONHUMAN; PARESTHESIA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); TONIC CLONIC SEIZURE; TREATMENT DURATION;

EID: 84871597360     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: 17496632     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2012.06769.x     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Lambert, E.H., L.M. Eaton & E.D. Rooke. 1956. Defect of neuromuscular conduction associated with malignant neoplasms. Am. J. Physiol. 187: 612-613.
2. Lambert, E.H. & D. Elmqvist. 1971. Quantal components of end-plate potentials in the myasthenic syndrome. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 183: 183-199.
3. O'Neill, J.H., N.M.F. Murray & J. Newsom-Davis. 1988. The Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a review of 50 cases. Brain 111: 577-596.
4. Wirtz, P.W., J.G. van Dijk, P.A. van Doorn, et al. 2004. The epidemiology of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome in the Netherlands. Neurology 63: 397-398.
5. Lang, B., J. Newsom-Davis, D. Wray, et al. 1981. Autoimmune aetiology for myasthenic (Eaton-Lambert) syndrome. Lancet 2: 224-226.
6. Lennon, V.A., T.J. Kryzer, G.E. Griesmann, et al. 1995. Calcium-channel antibodies in the Lambert-Eaton syndrome and other paraneoplastic syndromes. N. Engl. J. Med. 332: 1467-1474.
7. Motomura, M., I. Johnston, B. Lang, et al. 1995. An improved diagnostic assay for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 58: 85-87.
8. Lambert, E.H. 1966. Defects of neuromuscular transmission in syndromes other than myasthenia gravis. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 135: 367-384.
9. Oh, S.J. & K.W. Kim. 1973. Guanidine hydrochloride in the Eaton-Lambert syndrome. Electrophysiologic improvement. Neurology 23: 1084-1090.
10. Blumhardt, L.D., A.M. Joekes, J. Marshall & P.E. Philalithis. 1977. Guanidine treatment and impaired renal function in the Eaton-Lambert syndrome. BMJ 1: 946-947.
11. Oh, S.J., D.S. Kim, T.C. Head & G.C. Claussen. 1997. Low-dose guanidine and pyridostigmine: relatively safe and effective long-term symptomatic therapy in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Muscle Nerve 20: 1146-1152.
12. Lundh, H. 1978. Effects of 4-aminopyridine on neuromuscular transmission. Brain Res. 153: 307-318.
13. Lundh, H., O. Nilsson & I. Rosén. 1977. 4-Aminopyridine-a new drug tested in the treatment of Eaton-Lambert syndrome. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 40: 1109-1112.
14. Agoston, S., T. van Weerden, P. Westra & A. Broekert. 1978. Effects of 4-aminopyridine in Eaton Lambert Syndrome. Br. J. Anaesth. 50: 383-385.
15. Murray, N.M.F. & J. Newsom-Davis. 1981. Treatment with oral 4-aminopyridine in disorders of neuromuscular transmission. Neurology 31: 265-271.
16. Lemeignan, M. 1971. Pharmacological approach to the study of convulsive action mechanism of amino-4 pyridine [Abord pharmacologique de l'étude du mécanisme de l'action convulsivante de l'amino-4 pyridine]. Therapie 26: 927-940.
17. BioMarin Europe Ltd. Summary of Product Characteristics. Firdapse® (amifampridine). Date of Preparation of Text January 2010.
18. Molgó, J., H. Lundh & S. Thesleff. 1980. Potency of 3, 4-diaminopyridine and 4-aminopyridine on mammalian neuromuscular transmission and the effect of pH changes. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 61: 25-34.
19. Lechat, P., G. Deysson, M. Lemeignan & M. Adolphe. 1968. Comparison of acute toxicity of some aminopyridines in vivo (mice) and in vitro (tissue culture) [Toxicité aigue composareé de quelques aminopyridines in vivo (souris) et in vitro (cultures cellulaires)]. Ann. Pharm. Fr. 26: 345-349.
20. Lemeignan, M., H. Millart, N. Letteron, et al. 1982. The ability of 4-aminopyridine and 3, 4-diaminopyridine to cross the blood-brain barrier can account for their difference in toxicity. In Aminopyridines and Similarly Acting Drugs: Effects on Nerves, Muscles and Synapses. Advances in the Biosciences. Vol. 35. P. Lechat, S. Thesleff & W.C. Bowman, Eds.: 222-229. Pergamon Press. Oxford.
21. Wu, Z.Z., D.P. Li, S.R. Chen & H.L. Pan. 2009. Aminopyridines potentiate synaptic and neuromuscular transmission by targeting the voltage-activated calcium channel beta subunit. J. Biol. Chem. 284: 36453-36461.
22. Lundh, H., O. Nilsson & I. Rosén. 1983. Novel drug of choice in Eaton-Lambert syndrome. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 46: 684-685.
23. Lundh, H., O. Nilsson, I. Rosén & S. Johansson. 1993. Practical aspects of 3, 4-diaminopyridine treatment of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Acta. Neurol. Scand. 88: 136-140.
24. McEvoy, K.M., A.J. Windebank, J.R. Daube & P.A. Low. 1989. 3, 4-Diaminopyridine in the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 321: 1567-1571.
25. Wirtz, P.W., J.J. Verschuuren, J.G. van Dijk, et al. 2009. Efficacy of 3, 4-diaminopyridine and pyridostigmine in the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 86: 44-48.
26. Oh, S.J., G.G. Claussen, Y. Hatanaka & M.B. Morgan. 2009. 3, 4-diaminopyridine is more effective than placebo in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over drug study in LEMS. Muscle Nerve 40: 795-800.
27. Sanders, D.B., J.M. Massey, L.L. Sanders & L.J. Edwards. 2000. A randomized trial of 3, 4-diaminopyridine in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 54: 603-607.
28. Barohn, R.J., D. McIntire, L. Herbelin, et al. 1998. Reliability testing of the quantitative myasthenia gravis score. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 841: 769-772.
29. Keogh, M., S. Sedehizadeh & P. Maddison. 2011. Treatment for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2: CD003279.
30. Wirtz, P.W., M.J. Titulaer, J.M.A. van Gerven & J.J. Verschuuren. 2010. 3, 4-diaminopyridine for the treatment of Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Exp. Rev. Clin. Immunol. 6: 867-874.
31. Tim, R.W., J.M. Massey & D.B. Sanders. 2000. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: electrodiagnostic findings and response to treatment. Neurology 54: 2176-2178.
32. Newsom-Davis, J. & N.M.F. Murray. 1984. Plasma exchange and immunosuppressive drug treatment in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 34: 480-485.
33. Bain, P.G., M. Motomura, J. Newsom-Davis, et al. 1996. Effects of intravenous immunoglobulin on muscle weakness and calcium-channel autoantibodies in the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Neurology 47: 678-683.
34. Palace, J., J. Newsom-Davis & B. Lecky. 1998. A randomized double-blind trial of prednisolone alone or with azathioprine in myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia Gravis Study Group. Neurology 50: 1778-1783.
35. Maddison, P., B. Lang, K. Mills & J. Newsom-Davis. 2001. Long term outcome in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome without lung cancer. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 70: 212-217.
36. Tim, R.W., J.M. Massey & D.B. Sanders. 1998. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS). Clinical and electrodiagnostic features and response to therapy in 59 patients. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 841: 823-826.
37. Chalk, C.H., N.M. Murray, J. Newsom-Davis, et al. 1990. Response of the Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome to treatment of associated small-cell lung carcinoma. Neurology. 40: 1552-1556.
38. Maddison, P., J. McConville, M.E. Farrugia, et al. 2011. The use of rituximab in myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 82: 671-673.
39. Titulaer, M.J., R. Soffietti, J. Dalmau, et al. European Federation of Neurological Societies. 2011. Screening for tumors in paraneoplastic syndromes: report of an EFNS task force. Eur. J. Neurol. 18: 19-e3.
40. Titulaer, M.J., P. Maddison, J.K. Sont, et al. 2011. Clinical Dutch-English Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) tumor association prediction score accurately predicts small-cell lung cancer in the LEMS. J. Clin. Oncol. 29: 902-908.
41. Roberts, A., S. Perera, B. Lang, et al. 1985. Paraneoplastic myasthenic syndrome IgG inhibits 45Ca2+ flux in a human small cell carcinoma line. Nature 317: 737-739.
42. Boerma, C.E., J.H. Rommes, R.B. van Leeuwen & J. Bakker. 1995. Cardiac arrest following an iatrogenic 3, 4-diaminopyridine intoxication in a patient with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. J. Toxicol. Clin. Toxicol. 33: 249-251.
43. Tarr, T.B., G. Valdomir, M. Liang, P. Wipf & S.D. Meriney. 2012. New calcium channel agonists as potential therapeutics in Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome and other neuromuscular diseases. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1275: 85-91.
44. Newsom-Davis, J. 1998. A treatment algorithm for Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 841: 817-822.
45. Titulaer, M.J., B Lang & J.J. Verschuuren. 2011. Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: from clinical characteristics to therapeutic strategies. Lancet Neurol. 10: 1098-1107.