Uranium mining, use and disposal law in Australia: The case for a cradle-to-grave philosophy

Environmental and Planning Law Journal

Volumn 17, Issue 6, 2000, Pages 502-518

  McGrath, Chris ^a  

^a QUEENSLAND UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Australia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84871550713     PISSN: 0813300X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (90)

1. JW Gofman and AR Tamplin, Poisoned Power: The Case Against Nuclear Power Plants Before and After Three Mile Island (Rodale Press, Emmaus (Pa), 1979), p 178.
2. ILM 34 (1995), p 381.
3. International Energy Agency, Energy Policies of IEA Countries: Australia 1997 Review (OECD/IEA, Paris, 1997), p 127.
4. S Bush, J Harris and L Ho Trieu, Australian Energy Consumption and Production: Historical Trends and Projections to 2009-10, ABARE Research Report 97.2, Canberra, 1997, p 26.
5. See also: Criminal Justice Commission v Queensland Advocacy Inc (1996) 2 Qd R 118 at 124 per Macrossan CJ, at 145 per Demack J.
6. See also: Criminal Justice Commission v Queensland Advocacy Inc (1996) 2 Qd R 118 at 124 per Macrossan CJ, at 145 per Demack J.
7. See also: Criminal Justice Commission v Queensland Advocacy Inc (1996) 2 Qd R 118 at 124 per Macrossan CJ, at 145 per Demack J.
8. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
9. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
10. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
11. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
12. See also: Criminal Justice Commission v Queensland Advocacy Inc (1996) 2 Qd R 118 at 124 per Macrossan CJ, at 145 per Demack J.
13. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
14. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
15. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
16. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
17. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
18. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
19. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
20. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
21. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
22. See also: Criminal Justice Commission v Queensland Advocacy Inc (1996) 2 Qd R 118 at 124 per Macrossan CJ, at 145 per Demack J.
23. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
24. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
25. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
26. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
27. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
28. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
29. Drummond J held (at FCR 500-2) that any rights to use minerals or petroleum that might have existed had been extinguished by Queensland mining and petroleum legislation vesting property in all minerals and petroleum in the Crown (Note that this part of the trial judge's decision was not the subject of the appeal to the High Court).
30. Olney J held (at FCR 601) that under the Northern Territory's mining legislation the Crown had acquired full beneficial ownership of minerals in the Territory.
31. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
32. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
33. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
34. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
35. A Williams, "The State of Legislation and Policy Regarding Nuclear Issues in Australia and South Australia" (1999) 16(6) EPLJ 497.
36. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
37. Section 122 has a similar effect in relation to the Territories.
38. A "constitutional corporation" is defined in s 528 of the EPBC Act as "a corporation to which paragraph 51(xx) of the Constitution applies" (that is, foreign corporations, and trading corporations or financial corporations formed within the limits of the Commonwealth).
39. This is unless an "Assessment Bilateral" or "Approval Bilateral" exists divulging the environmental impact or approval functions to a State or Territory (ss 44-65A). However it would appear unlikely that the Commonwealth would divest itself of at least the approval function in respect to nuclear actions.
40. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
41. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
42. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
43. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
44. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
45. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
46. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
47. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
48. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
49. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
50. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
51. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
52. Administrative Review Council, "What Decisions Should be Subject to Merits Review", Commonwealth of Australia, 1999, p 1.
53. These might alternatively be referred to as "themes" as there is considerable overlap and no clear transition between them. What is clear is the general trend toward imposing stronger obligations on States and thereby restricting the doctrine of absolute State sovereignty.
54. DE Fisher, "The Impacts of International Law Upon the Australian Environmental Legal System" (1999) 16 (5) EPLJ 372 at pp 373-374.
55. Article 38 provides that the court is to apply: (a) international conventions; (b) international custom, as evidence of general practise accepted as law; (c) the general principles of law recognised by civilised nations and; (d) judicial decisions and the teaching of the most highly qualified publicists of the various nations, as subsidiary means for the determination of rules of law.
56. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
57. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
58. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
59. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
60. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
61. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
62. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
63. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
64. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
65. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
66. ATS 1973 No 3; ILM 7 (1968) p 809.
67. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
68. ATS 1973 No 3; ILM 7 (1968) p 809.
69. ILM 34 (1995) p 381. Signed for Australia subject to ratification 17/12/94. Not yet in force.
70. ILM 36 (1997) p 1431. Signed for Australia subject to ratification 13/11/98. Not yet in force.
71. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
72. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
73. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
74. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
75. See Preamble, Art 3 (International markets), 6 (Competition),
76. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
77. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
78. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
79. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
80. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
81. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
82. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
83. Article 6 relates to promoting competition in energy markets.
84. Annex 1A lists the Contracting Parties not allowing an investor or Contracting Party to submit a dispute concerning the last sentence of Art 10(1) to international arbitration and included (as at 1996): Australia, Canada, Hungary and Norway.
85. The last sentence of Art 10(1) states, "Each Contracting Party shall observe any obligations it has entered into with an Investor or an Investment of an Investor of any other Contracting Party. "
86. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
87. See also: Criminal Justice Commission v Queensland Advocacy Inc (1996) 2 Qd R 118 at 124 per Macrossan CJ, at 145 per Demack J.
88. R v Trade Practices Tribunal, ex parte St George County Council (1974), 130 CLR 533.
89. nd Ed, Butterworths, 1987), pp 37.
90. Source: ; statement made in 1999.