Cultural imperialism through education in Pakistan and the loss of national identity

Middle East Journal of Scientific Research

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 215-222

  Ullah, Hazir ^a  

^a INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY   (Pakistan)

Author keywords

Critical discourse; Hegemonic players; National identity; Post structuralism

Indexed keywords

EID: 84870813231     PISSN: 19909233     EISSN: 19998147     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.mejsr.2012.12.2.1670     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Bruno, B., 1981. On Learning to Read: The Child's Fascination with Meaning. New York: Penguin.
2. Cameron, K., 1991. National Identity. London: Cromwell Press.
3. Giddens, A., 1991. Modernity and Self-Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
4. Castells, M., 1997. The Power of Identity, vol. II of The Information Age: Economy, Society and Culture. Oxford: Blackwell.
5. Lechner, A.J. and J. Boli, 2000. The Globalization Raeder. (eds), Oxford: Blackwell.
6. Held, D. and A. McGrew, 2003. The Global Transformation Reader. (eds), Cambridge: Polity Press.
7. Scholtz, J.A., 2005. Globalization: A Critical Introduction. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
8. Feinberg, W., 1998. Common Schools/ Uncommon Identities: national unity and cultural differences. London: Yale University Press.
9. Government of Pakistan NEP, 2009. National Education Policy. Islamabad ministry of Education
10. Economist Intelligence Unit, 2007. The Economist Intelligence Unit's index of democracy.
11. Government of Pakistan NEP, 2009. National Education Policy. Islamabad ministry of Education.
12. Tomlinson, J., 2003. Cultural Imperialism: A Critical Introduction. New York: Continuum.
13. Tatum, B.D., 1997. Why are all the black kids sitting together in the cafeteria? and other conversations about race. New York: Basic Books.
14. Foucault, M., 1980. Power/Knowledge: selected interviews and other writing, 1972-1977. Gordon, C (ed), C. Gordon, et al. (trans). New York: Pantheon.
15. William, R., 1989. Resources of Hope. New York: Verso.
16. Apple, M., 1990. Ideology and Curriculum. (2nd ed). New York: Routledge.
17. Apple, M., 1991. The Politics of The Textbook. In: M. Apple and L.K. Christian-Smith (Eds.), The politics of the textbook. New York: Rutledge, pp: 1-21.
18. Apple, M., 2004. Ideology and Curriculum. New York: Routledge Falmer.
19. Pingel, F., 1999. UNESCO Guidebook on Textbook Research and Textbook Revision, pp: 9-11, Hannover, Verlag Hahnsche Buchhandlung.
20. William, R., 1989. Resources of Hope. New York: Verso
21. Gollnick, D.M. and P.C. Chinn, 2002. Multicultural education in a pluralistic society, (6th ed) Upper Saddle River NJ: Merrill.
22. Cushner, K., A. McClelland and P. Safford, 2000. Human diversity in education: An integrative approach, (3rd ed). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
23. Taylor, L., 1999. Dress-Clothing as a Powerful Container of National and Community Identity. Retrieved on July 13, 2012, from http://science.jrank.org/pages/9029/Dress-Clothing-Powerful-Container-National-Community-Identity.html.
24. Greenhill, H.E., 1950. Museums and the Interpretation of Visual Culture. Retrieved on July 13, 2012, http://science.jrank.org/pages/9029/Dress-Clothing-Powerful-Container-National-Community-Identity.htm
25. Malinowski, B., 1913. The family among the Australian aborigines: a sociological study. London: University of London Press.
26. Murdock, George Peter, 1949. Social Structure. New York: The MacMillan. Company.
27. Parson, T., 1955. Family, Socialization and Interaction Process. London: Routledge.
28. Coontz, S., 2007. The Way We Never Were. Retrieved on July 13, 2012, from http://www.criticalenquiry.org/theory/society.shtml
29. May, E.T., 2007. Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era. Retrieved on July 4, 2012 from http://www.criticalenquiry.org/theory/society.shtml
30. Jaffee, S., et al., 2003. Life with (or without) Father: The Benefits of Living with Two Biological Parents Depend on Father's Antisocial Behaviour Child Development, 74(1): 109-26.
31. Rapoport, R. and R.N. Rapoport, 1982. British Families in Transition in Rapoport', In R.N. Rapoport, and R. Fogarty, (eds) Families in Britain Routledge and Kegan Paul, London.
32. Kohl, H., 1995. Should we burn Babar? Essays on children's literature and the power of stories.
33. CIA, 2010. The World Fact Book. Retrieved July 7, 2012. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Pakistan.
34. Mychal, M., 2004. 'Now what?' World Net Daily, April 20, 2004
35. William, R., 1993. 'Christmas Without Meaning: Must the Religious Make a Secret of Their Beliefs?' The Washington Post, December 24, 1993, pp: A15.
36. Schulz, S., 2005. The gifted: Identity construction through the practice of gifted education. International Education Journal, 5(5): 117-128.
37. Fox, M., 1993. Men who weep, boys who dance: The gender agenda between the lines in children's literature. Language Arts, 70(2): 84-88. [EJ 457 107].