Using conservation as a tool to resolve conflict: Establishing the Piran-Savudrija international Marine Peace Park

Marine Policy

Volumn 39, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 112-119

  Mackelworth, Peter ^a,b   Holcer, Draško ^a,c   Lazar, Bojan ^b,d  

^a Blue World Institute of Marine Research and Conservation   (Croatia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF PRIMORSKA   (Slovenia)

^c CROATIAN NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM   (Croatia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB   (Croatia)

Author keywords

Adriatic Sea; Committee of the regions; European union; Euroregion; Marine Peace Park; Transboundary conservation

Indexed keywords

CONFLICT MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; EUROPEAN UNION; HABITAT TYPE; MARINE PARK; MITIGATION;

ADRIATIC SEA; CROATIA; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; SLOVENIA;

EID: 84870565655     PISSN: 0308597X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.10.001     Document Type: Article

References (88)

1. Blake G. The geopolitics of transboundary cooperation: an overview. In: Phillips A (Ed.). Parks for peace. Proceedings of the international conference on transboundary protected areas as a vehicle for international co-operation; 1998.
2. Hanks J. Transfrontier Conservation Areas (TFCAs) in southern Africa: their role in conserving biodiversity, socioeconomic development and promoting a culture of peace. J Sust For 2003, 17(1/2):127-148.
3. Keating M. The new regionalism in western Europe 1998, Elgar, Cheltenham.
4. Assembly of European regions (AER). The state of regionalism in Europe. AER Strasbourg; 2010.
5. Perkmann M. Cross-border regions in Europe - significance and drivers of regional cross-border co-operation. Eur Urban Reg Stud 2003, 10(2):153-171.
6. Carius A, Feil M, Switer J, Rekacewicz P, Rucevska I, Sevaldsen P, et al. Environment and security, transforming risks into cooperation: the case of Central Asia and South Eastern Europe. OSCE, UNEP, UNDP Report; 2003.
7. Mattli W. The logic of regional integration, Europe and beyond 1999, Cambridge University Publication, Cambridge.
8. Zbicz D., Green M. Status of the world's transfrontier protected areas. Parks 1997, 7(3):5-10.
9. Lysenko I, Besançon C, Savy C. UNEP-WCMC. Global list of transboundary protected areas; 2007.
10. Conca K, Carius A, Dabelko G. Building peace through environmental cooperation. In: Proceedings of the World Watch Institute. State of the world 2005: redefining global security. New York: W.N. Norton; 2005. p. 144-157.
11. Hanks J. Preface. Transboundary protected areas for peace and co-operation 2001, IUCN Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. T. Sandwith, C. Shine, L. Hamilton, D. Sheppard (Eds.).
12. Westing A. Establishment and management of transfrontier reserves for conflict prevention and confidence building. Environ Conserv 1998, 25(2):91-94.
13. Sandwith T., Shine C., Hamilton L., Sheppard D. Transboundary protected areas for peace and co-operation 2001, IUCN Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge.
14. Convention on biological diversity. Decision VII/28. In: Proceedings of the seventh ordinary meeting of the conference of the parties to the convention on biological diversity, 9-20 February, 2004. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; 2004.
15. Katerere Y, Hill R, Moyo S. A critique of transboundary natural resource management in southern Africa. Paper no. 1. IUCN-ROSA series on transboundary natural resource management; 2001.
16. Mitrany D.A. Working peace 1966, Quadrangle, Chicago.
17. McNeil R. International parks for peace. Parks on the borderline: experience in transfrontier conservation 1990, Piggott Printers, Cambridge, UK, p. 23-38. J. Thorsell (Ed.).
18. Brock L. Peace through parks: the environment on the peace research agenda. J Peace Res 1991, 28(4):407-423.
19. Hammill A., Besançon C. Measuring Peace Park Performance: definitions and experiences. Peace parks: conservation and conflict 2007, MIT Press, USA. S. Ali (Ed.).
20. Peace parks: conservation and conflict 2007, MIT Press, USA. S. Ali (Ed.).
21. Portman M. Zoning design for cross-border marine protected areas: the Red Sea Marine Peace Park case study. Ocean Coastal Manage 2007, 50:499-522.
22. Mackelworth P. Peace parks and transboundary initiatives: implications for marine conservation and spatial planning. Conserv Lett 2012, 5:90-98.
23. Nam J, Yook K, Lee G, Kim J. Toward establishing the Marine peace park in the Western transboundary coastal area of the Korean Peninsula. Korean Maritime Institute special summary report; 2007.
24. Lambacher J. Nesting Cranes: envisioning a Russo-Japanese peace park in the Kuril Islands. Peace parks: conservation and conflict resolution 2007, MIT Press, p. 261-276. S. Ali (Ed.).
25. McManus J., Shao K., Lin S. Toward establishing a Spratly Islands international marine peace park: ecological importance and supportive collaborative activities with an emphasis on the role of Taiwan. Ocean Dev Int Law 2010, 41:270-280.
26. Valencia M., Van Dyke J., Ludwig N. Sharing the resources of the South China Sea 1997, Martinus Nijhoff Press, Netherlands.
27. F. Briand (editor). CIESM (Mediterranean science commission). Marine peace parks in the Mediterranean - a CIESM proposal. No. 41 in CIESM Workshop Monographs. Monaco; 2011.
28. Bufon M., Minghi J. The Upper Adriatic borderland: from conflict to harmony. GeoJ 2000, 52:119-127.
29. Sekulic D. Civic and ethnic identity: the case of Croatia. Ethn Racial Stud 2004, 27(3):455-483.
30. Urbanc M. Contested Slovene Istria: a socially constructed region struggling for its own regional identity. European landscapes and lifestyles: the Mediterranean and beyond 2007, Edições Universitárias Lusófonas, Lisbon. Z. Roca, T. Spek, T. Terkenli, T. Plieninger, F. Höchtl (Eds.).
31. Pipan P. Cross-Border Cooperation between Slovenia and Croatia in Istria after 1991. Acta Geog Slov 2007, 47(2):223-243.
32. Notarbartolo di Sciara G, Agardy T (editors). UNEP-MAP-RAC/SPA overview of scientific findings and criteria relevant to identifying SPAMIs in the Mediterranean open seas, including the deep sea. RAC/SPA, Tunis; 2010.
33. Arnaut D. Stormy waters on the way to the high seas: the case of the territorial sea delimitation between Croatia and Slovenia. Ocean Coastal Law J 2002, 21:1-39.
34. Klemenčić M., Schofield C. Croatia and Slovenia: the 'four hamlets' case. Marit Briefings 1996, 1(8):19-33.
35. Pipan P. Border dispute between Croatia and Slovenia along the lower reaches of the Dragonja River. Acta Geogr Slov 2008, 48(2):331-356.
36. MacDonald N, Eddy K. Slovenians approve border deal with Croatia. The financial times, 6th June 2010, ; 2010 (accessed 01.09.10). http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/18cf2722-7163-11df-8eec-00144feabdc0.html.
37. Agostini V., Bakun A. 'Ocean triads' in the Mediterranean Sea: physical mechanisms potentially structuring reproductive habitat suitability (with example application to European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus). Fish Oceanogr 2002, 11:129-142.
38. Lipej L, Turk R, Makovec T. Endangered species and habitat types in the Slovenian sea. Zavod Republika Slovenija za varstvo narave. Ljubljana; 2006.
39. Bakran-Petricioli T. Priručnik za odredivanje morskih staništa u Hrvatskoj prema Direktivi o staništima EU (Manual for determination of marine habitats in Croatia according to EU Habitat Directive). Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode. Zagreb; 2011.
40. Holcer D., Mackelworth P., Fortuna C.M. Present state of understanding of the Cetacean fauna of the Croatian Adriatic Sea. Eur Res Cetaceans 2002, 16.
41. Genov T., Kotnjek P., Lesjak J., Hace A., Fortuna C.M. Bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in Slovenian and adjacent waters (northern Adriatic Sea). Ann Ser Hist Nat 2008, 18(2):227-244.
42. Bearzi G., Costa M., Politi E., Agazzi S., Pierantonio N., Tonini D., et al. Cetacean records and encounter rates in the Northern Adriatic during the years 1988-2007. Ann Ser Hist Nat 2009, 19:45-150.
43. Francese M., Picciulin M., Tempesta M., Zuppa F., Merson E., Intini A., et al. Occurrence of striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) in the Gulf of Trieste. Ann Ser Hist Nat 2007, 17:185-190.
44. Genov T., Kotnjek P., Lipej L. New record of the Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Adriatic Sea. Ann Ser Hist Nat 2009, 19:25-30.
45. Fortuna CM, Holcer D, FilideiJr. E, Donovan GP, Tunesi L. The first cetacean aerial survey in the Adriatic Sea: summer 2010. Report to the 7th meeting of the ACCOBAMS scientific committee; 2011.
46. Casale P., Affronte M., Scaravelli D., Lazar B., Vallini C., Luschi P. Foraging grounds, movement patterns and habitat connectivity of loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from the Adriatic Sea revealed by satellite telemetry. Mar Biol 2012, 159:1527-1535.
47. Lazar B., Margaritoulis D., Tvrtković N. Tag recoveries of the loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), in the eastern Adriatic Sea and implications for conservation. J Mar. Biol Assoc UK 2004, 84:1-5.
48. Lazar B., Gračan R., Katić J., Zavodnik D., Jaklin A., Tvrtković N. Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) as bioturbators in neritic habitats: an insight through the analysis of benthic molluscs in the diet. Mar Ecol 2011, 32:65-74.
49. Horvat M., Covelli S., Faganeli J., Logar M., Mandić V., Rajar R., et al. Mercury in contaminated coastal environments; a case study: the Gulf of Trieste. Sci Total Environ 1999, 237-238:43-56.
50. Policy research corporation. The potential of maritime spatial planning in the Mediterranean sea. Case study report: the Adriatic Sea. Policy research corporation report to the European Commission Directorate-General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries; 2011.
51. Kružić P. Red book of corals of the Adriatic Sea. Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode [in Croatian], in press.
52. Jardas I, Pallaoro A, Vrgoč N, Jukić-Peladić S, Dadić V. Red book of marine fishes of Croatia. Ministarstvo kulture, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode. Zagreb; 2008 [in Croatian].
53. Mrakovčić M, Brigić A, Buj I Ćaleta M, Mustafić P, Zanella D. Red book of freshwater fishes of Croatia. Ministarstvo kulture, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode. Zagreb; 2006 [in Croatian].
54. Lazar B, Tvrtković N. Loggerhead sea turtle, Caretta caretta Linnaeus 1758. In: Tvrtković N (editor). Red book of amphibians and reptiles of Croatia. Ministarstvo culture. Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Republika Hrvatska, Zagreb; 2006 p. 23-25 [in Croatian].
55. Tutiš V, Kralj J, Barišić S, Ćiković D. Red book of birds of Croatia. Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Republika Hrvatska, Zagreb [in Croatian], in press.
56. Holcer D Bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821). In: Tvrtković N (editor). Red book of mammals of Croatia. Ministarstvo kulture, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Zagreb; 2006. p. 52-53 [in Croatian].
57. Holcer D. Short-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus delphis Linnaeus 1758. In: Tvrtković N (editor). Red book of mammals of Croatia. Ministarstvo kulture, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Zagreb; 2006. p. 71-73 [in Croatian].
58. Paasi A. Europe as a social process and discourse, considerations of place, boundaries and identity. Eur Urban Reg Stud 2001, 8(1):7-28.
59. Atatüre S. The historical roots of European Union: integration, characteristics, and responsibilities for the 21st Century. Eur J Social Sci 2008, 7(2):18-32.
60. Hocking B. Bridging boundaries: creating linkages. Non-central governments and multilayered policy environments. WeltTrends 1996, 36-51.
61. Committee of the regions (CoR). Mission statement of the committee of the regions; 2009.
62. Committee of the Regions (CoR). Committee of the regions impact report; 2010.
63. Otočan O. Euroregion as a mechanism for strengthening transfrontier and interregional co-operation: opportunities and challenges. Report to European commission for democracy through law; 2010.
64. Proto P. Survey on Euroregions and European Groupings of Territorial Cooperation (EGTCs): what future for the Adriatic area? Centro Studi di Politica Internazionale (CeSPI). Working paper 45/2008/EN; 2008.
65. Committee of the Regions (CoR). Making a difference: how regions and cities shape Europe's legislation, success stories 2010-2011; 2011.
66. Otočan O. The Adriatic Euroregion/ experiences and perspectives. Report to European Commission for democracy through law; 2010.
67. Commission of the European Communities (CEC). Guidelines for the establishment of the Natura 2000 network in the marine environment. Application of the habitats and birds directives; 2007.
68. Ashbrook J. 'Buying the Istrian Goat': regionalism and the economy in Croatian Istria. East Eur Q XXXIX 2005, 3:329-366.
69. Lazar B., Gračan R. Ingestion of marine debris by loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta, in the Adriatic Sea. Mar Pollut Bull 2011, 62:43-47.
70. Picer M. DDTs and PCBs in the Adriatic sea. Croat Chem Acta 2000, 73:123-186.
71. Degobbis D., Fonda-Umani S., Franco P., Malej A., Precali N., Smodlaka N. Changes in the northern Adriatic ecosystem and the hypertrophic appearance of gelatinous aggregates. Sci Total Environ 1995, 165:43-58.
72. Kollmann H., Stachowitsch M. Long-term changes in the benthos of the Northern Adriatic Sea: a phototransect approach. Mar Ecol 2001, 22:135-154.
73. Fraschetti S., Claudet J., Grorud-Colvert K. Transitioning from single-sector management to ecosystem-based management: what can marine protected areas offer?. Marine protected areas: a multidisciplinary approach 2011, Cambridge University Press, UK. J. Claudet (Ed.).
74. Casale P., Laurent L., De Metrio G. Incidental capture of marine turtles by the Italian trawl fishery in the north Adriatic Sea. Biol Conserv 2004, 119:287-295.
75. Fortuna C.M., Vallini C., Filidei E., Ruffino M., Consalvo I., di Muccio S., et al. By-catch of cetaceans and other species of conservation concern during pair trawl fishing operations in the Adriatic Sea (Italy). Chem Ecol 2010, 26:65-76.
76. Lazar B., Tvrtković N. Marine turtles in the eastern part of the Adriatic Sea: preliminary research. Nat Croat 1995, 4(1):59-74.
77. Lazar B., Žiža V. Slovenia. Sea turtles in the Mediterranean: distribution, threats and conservation priorities 2010, 2010. Gland, Switzerland. P. Casale, D. Margaritoulis (Eds.).
78. Casale P., Affronte M., Insaccod G., Freggi D., Vallini C., Pino d'Astore P., et al. Sea turtle strandings reveal high anthropogenic mortality in Italian waters. Aquat Conserv: Mar Freshwater Ecosyst 2010, 20:611-620.
79. Rako N, Picculin M, Mackelworth P, Holcer D, Fortuna CM Long-term monitoring of anthropogenic noise and its relationship to bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) distribution in the Cres-Lošinj archipelago, Northern Adriatic, Croatia. The effects of noise on aquatic life: advances in experimental medicine and biology 2012, Vol. 730. , p. 323-325.
80. Meinesz A., Belsher T., Thibaut T., Antolić B., Ben Mustapha K., Boudouresque C.F., et al. The introduced green alga Caulerpa taxifolia continues to spread in the Mediterranean. Biol Invasions 2001, 3:201-210.
81. Fall J. Divide and rule: constructing human boundaries in 'boundless nature'. GeoJ 2002, 58:243-251.
82. Odegaard C Parks for peace. Parks on the borderline: experience in transfrontier conservation 1990, Piggott Printers, Cambridge, UK, p. 89-94. J. Thorsell (Ed.).
83. van Riet W.A. Conversation with Willem van Riet, Peace Parks Foundation. MPA News 2008, 95:4.
84. Ballinger P. Liquid borderlands, in elastic sea? Mapping the Eastern Adriatic. Shatterzone of empires: coexistence and violence in the German, Habsburg, Russian and Ottoman borderlands 2012, Indiana University Press, USA. Omer B, E. Weitz (Eds.).
85. Mackelworth P., Holcer D., Jovanović J., Fortuna C. Marine conservation and accession, the future for the Croatian Adriatic. Environ Manage 2011, 47(4):644-655.
86. Stewart D. Good neighbourly relations: Jordan, Israel and the 1994-2004 peace process. Library of modern middle east studies 2007, Vol. 56. Tauris Academic Studies, London.
87. Enemark J. The Wadden Sea protection and management scheme - towards an integrated coastal management approach?. Ocean Coastal Manage 2005, 48:996-1015.
88. Council of Europe (CoE) Manuel de coopération transfrontaliére à l'usage des collectivités locales et régionales en Europe. Strasbourg: Council of Europe; 2005.