Exposing conflict of interest in psychiatry: Does transparency matter?

International Journal of Law and Psychiatry

Volumn 35, Issue 5-6, 2012, Pages 490-495

  Chimonas, Susan ^a   Stahl, Frederica ^b   Rothman, David J ^a  

^a Och Spine at New York Presbyterian Hospitals   (United States)

^b CHURCHILL COLLEGE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Conflict of interest; Disclosure; Health care policy; Industry relationships; Medical professionalism; Transparency

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONFLICT OF INTEREST; DRUG INDUSTRY; DRUG USE; HUMAN; LAW; LICENSING; MEDICAL FEE; PRESCRIPTION; PSYCHIATRIST; PSYCHIATRY; UNITED STATES;

CONFLICT OF INTEREST; HUMANS; PHYSICIANS; POLICY MAKING; PSYCHIATRY; TRUTH DISCLOSURE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84870499302     PISSN: 01602527     EISSN: 18736386     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijlp.2012.09.009     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. 151.47(f): Minnesota Payments Disclosure Law: Wholesale drug distributor licensing requirements (1993).
2. H.R. 3590: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act; Section 6002: Transparency reports and reporting of physician ownership or investment interests (2010 passed by the House Oct 8, 2009; passed Senate Dec 24, 2009; signed by President Mar 23, 2010).
3. Allen S. Backlash on bipolar diagnoses in children; MGH psychiatrist's work stirs debate. Boston Globe 2007, June 17, p. A1. Retrieved from http://www.boston.com/yourlife/health/diseases/articles/2007/06/17/backlash_on_bipolar_diagnoses_in_children/.
4. American Medical Student Association AMSA PharmFree scorecard 2011-12: Executive summary Retrieved April 6, 2012, from. http://www.amsascorecard.org/executive-summary.
5. American Medical Student Association AMSA PharmFree scorecard: Emory University School of Medicine Retrieved October 3, 2011. http://www.amsascorecard.org/institutions/81.
6. American Medical Student Association AMSA PharmFree scorecard: University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Retrieved October 3, 2011. http://www.amsascorecard.org/institutions/60.
7. American Medical Student Association AMSA PharmFree scorecard: University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston Retrieved April 6, 2012. http://www.amsascorecard.org/institutions/85.
8. American Medical Student Association AMSA PharmFree scorecard: University of Texas Southwestern Medical School Retrieved April 6, 2012. http://www.amsascorecard.org/institutions/42.
9. Armstrong D. NIH freezes large grant to Emory. The Wall Street Journal 2008, October 15, A8. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122402470507734263.html.
10. Basken P. While he helped to revise ethics rules, NIMH director aided a leading transgressor. The Chronicle of Higher Education 2010, June 6, Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/While-Revising-Ethics-Rules/65800/.
11. Biederman J. Curriculum vitae Retrieved from. http://www2.kenes.com/adhd/Documents/Biederman_s_CV.PDF.
12. Campbell E.G. Doctors and drug companies-Scrutinizing influential relationships. The New England Journal of Medicine 2007, 357(18):1796-1797. (357/18/1796 [pii]). 10.1056/NEJMp078141.
13. Campbell E. The new conflict-of-interest rules: What's there, and what's not Retrieved from. http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2011/09/15/the-new-conflict-of-interest-rules-whats-there-and-whats-not/.
14. Carey, B. (July 25, 2006). Correcting the errors of disclosure, The New York Times.
15. Chimonas S., Frosch Z., Rothman D.J. From disclosure to transparency: The use of company payment data. Archives of Internal Medicine 2011, 171(1):81-86. (archinternmed.2010.341 [pii]). 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.341.
16. Chimonas S., Rozario N.M., Rothman D.J. Show us the money: Lessons in transparency from state pharmaceutical marketing disclosure laws. Health Services Research 2009, (HESR1048 [pii]). 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2009.01048.x.
17. Code of Federal Regulations, Title 42, part 50, subpart F: Responsibility of applicants for promoting objectivity in research for which PHS funding is sought § 42 (1995).
18. Corcept Therapeutics Psychotic depression Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://www.corcept.com/psychotic_depression.
19. DelBello M.P., Schwiers M.L., Rosenberg H.L., Strakowski S.M. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of quetiapine as adjunctive treatment for adolescent mania. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2002, 41(10):1216-1223. (S0890-8567(09)60766-8 [pii]). 10.1097/00004583-200210000-00011.
20. Feldman H.M. Letter from Chair of Committee to search for a Chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences March 1 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://ttp://www.windhover.com/pdf/Stanford_Psychiatry_Chair.pdf.
21. Gaouette N. Grassley probes Texas medical professor over drugmaker payments, Bloomberg.com Retrieved from. http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=aIm9OM_hUcr4.
22. Godlee F. A sunshine act for Europe. BMJ 2011, 343. 10.1136/bmj.d6593.
23. Goldstein, J. (2008 October 3, 2011). University of Cincinnati psychiatrist, Under more scrutiny over funding. Retrieved from http://blogs.wsj.com/health/2008/04/21/univ-of-cincinatti-psychiatrist-under-more-scrutiny-over-funding/.
24. Grassley C. Congressional record 2007, Vol. 153:S1072-S1073.
25. Grassley C. Congressional record 2008, Vol. 154:S5029.
26. Grassley C. Congressional record 2008, Vol. 154:S2320-S2321.
27. Grassley C. Congressional record 2008, Vol. 154:S10467-S10468.
28. Grassley C. Congressional record 2008, S8165-S8169.
29. Grassley C. Congressional record 2008, Vol. 154:S5956-S5958.
30. Grassley C. Congressional record 2008, Vol. 154:S7892-S7893.
31. Grassley C. June 23 letter to Stanford University Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://med.stanford.edu/featured_topics/coi/docs/2008-06-23-Grassley-Letter-to-Stanford.pdf.
32. Grassley C. October 2 letter to Emory University Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://www.pharmalot.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/grassley-letter-to-nih-on-emory.pdf.
33. Grassley C. May 5 letter to the University of Texas System Retrieved April 5, 2012, from. http://www.forums.pharma-mkting.com/showthread.php?p=14667.
34. Grassley C. June 2 letter to University of Miami Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://freepdfhosting.com/0a34bbac45.pdf.
35. Harris, G., Carey, B., & Roberts, J. (2007, May 10). Psychiatrists, troubled children and drug industry's role, The New York Times, p. A1.
36. Insel T.R. Letter from Director of National Institute of Mental Health to Senator Charles Grassley July 7 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://freepdfhosting.com/2e0f575924.pdf.
37. Institute of Medicine Conflict of interest in medical research, education, and practice Retrieved from. http://www.iom.edu/en/Reports/2009/Conflict-of-Interest-in-Medical-Research-Education-and-Practice.aspx.
38. Jacobs, P. (2006, July 10). Science critics make issue of financial ties, San Jose Mercury News, p. 1.
39. Kaiser, J. (2010). NIH director says Nemeroff case reveals gaps in conflict rule. Science Insider.
40. Kowalczyk L. Doctor to halt his drug firm activities: MGH psychiatrist still under scrutiny. The Boston Globe 2008, December 31, B3. Retrieved from http://www.boston.com/news/health/articles/2008/12/31/doctor_to_halt_his_drug_firm_activities/.
41. Kowalczyk L. Harvard doctors punished over pay: 3 accused of not disclosing consulting fees. The Boston Globe 2011, July 2, A1. Retrieved from http://www.boston.com/lifestyle/health/articles/2011/07/02/three_harvard_psychiatrists_are_sanctioned_over_consulting_fees/?s_campaign=8315.
42. Kowatch R.A., Fristad M., Birmaher B., Wagner K.D., Findling R.L., Hellander M. Treatment guidelines for children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2005, 44(3):213-235. (doi: 00004583-200503000-00006 [pii]).
43. Massachusetts General Hospital Joseph Biederman, MD Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://www.massgeneral.org/doctors/doctor.aspx?id=17789.
44. McClellan J., Kowatch R., Findling R.L. Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 2007, 46(1):107-125. (00004583-200701000-00020 [pii]). 10.1097/01.chi.0000242240.69678.c4.
45. Mitchell P.B. Winds of change: Growing demands for transparency in the relationship between doctors and the pharmaceutical industry. The Medical Journal of Australia 2009, 191(5):273-275. (doi: mit10538_fm [pii]).
46. Mundy A. Grassley ups total of undisclosed fees paid to prof by Glaxo. Wall Street Journal 2009, May 14, Health Blog May 14, 2009 (Online Only).
47. National Institutes of Health RePORT Expenditures and Results (RePORTER) Retrieved October 3, 2011. http://projectreporter.nih.gov/.
48. National Institutes of Health Frequently asked questions: Responsibility of applicants for promoting objectivity in research for which PHS funding is sought (42 CFR part 50 subpart F) applicable to grants and cooperative agreements (2011 revised regulations) from. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/policy/coi/coi_faqs.htm#3205.
49. National Institutes of Health U.S. Department of Health and Human Services RFA MH-03-008: National Cooperative Drug Discovery Groups for treatment of mood disorders August 27 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-MH-03-008.html.
50. National Institutes of Health U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Project # 5R01MH050604-14: HPA axis/dopamine interactions in psychotic depression. RePORTER July 23 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://projectreporter.nih.gov/project_info_description.cfm?aid=7624994&icde=9288983.
51. Okike K., Kocher M.S., Mehlman C.T., Bhandari M. Conflict of interest in orthopaedic research. An association between findings and funding in scientific presentations. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume 2007, 89(3):608-613. (89/3/608 [pii]). 10.2106/JBJS.F.00994.
52. Petersen, M. (2003, August 3). Undisclosed financial ties prompt reproval of doctor, The New York Times p. A18. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/03/us/undisclosed-financial-ties-prompt-reproval-of-doctor.html.
53. Pizzo P. The Dean's newsletter August 30 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://deansnewsletter.stanford.edu/archive/08_30_10.html#8.
54. Ramshaw, E. (September 24, 2008). Senator questions doctors' ties to drug companies, The Dallas Morning News.
55. Ramshaw, E. (February 11, 2009). University of Texas officials vow to strengthen ethics rules for researchers, The Dallas Morning News.
56. Rockey, S. J. [Email to Susan Chimonas, April 4, 2012].
57. Rothman D.J., Chimonas S. Academic medical centers' conflict of interest policies. JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 2010, 304(20):2294-2295. (304/20/2294 [pii]). 10.1001/jama.2010.1714.
58. Schneider C. Controversial Emory researcher leaving. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution 2009, October 30, A1. Retrieved from http://www.ajc.com/health/controversial-emory-researcher-leaving-179261.html?cxtype=rss_news_128746.
59. Sharpe V.A. Science, bioethics, and the public interest: On the need for transparency. The Hastings Center Report 2002, 32(3):23-26.
60. Silverman E. Grassley probes Nemeroff and University of Miami Retrieved from. http://www.pharmalot.com/2010/06/grassley-takes-nemeroff-probe-to-university-of-miami/.
61. Silverman E. A senate investigator looks back: Thacker speaks Retrieved from. http://www.pharmalot.com/2010/09/a-senate-investigator-looks-back-thacker-speaks/.
62. Silverman E. Stanford, taxpayer-funded research & disclosures Retrieved from. http://www.pharmalot.com/2011/01/stanford-taxpayer-funded-research-disclosures/.
63. Stanford School of Medicine Alan F. Schatzberg Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://med.stanford.edu/profiles/Alan_Schatzberg/.
64. Stanford School of Medicine Senator Charles Grassley's inquiries on Stanford conflict-of-interest policies & Dr. Alan Schatzberg Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://med.stanford.edu/featured_topics/coi/schatzberg_grassley.html.
65. Stanford University Office of Public Affairs University statement on Senate Finance Committee Investigation on conflict of interest in medical research June 25 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://med.stanford.edu/featured_topics/coi/docs/2008-06-25-University-Statement-on-Senate-Finance-Committee-Investigation-on-Conflicts-of-Interest-in-Medical-Research.pdf.
66. Straight talk with. Charles Grassley Nature Medicine 2008, 14(10):1006-1007.
67. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Responsibility of applicants for promoting objectivity in research for which public health service funding is sought and responsible prospective contractors. Federal Register 2011, 76(165):53256-53293.
68. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Retrieved July 23, 2012, from. http://www.hhs.gov/about/.
69. UC Neuroscience Institute Melissa P. DelBello, MD Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://ucneuroscience.com/melissa-p-delbello-md.
70. University of Miami School of Medicine UM Miller School of Medicine names new chair of psychiatry November 5 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://www.med.miami.edu/news/view.asp?id=1200.
71. Vinas M.J. Stanford researcher accused of conflicts steps down as NIH principal investigator. The Chronicle of Higher Education 2008, August 1, Retrieved from http://chronicle.com/article/Stanford-Researcher-Accused/41395.
72. Wadman M. Money in biomedicine: The senator's sleuth. Nature 2009, 461(7262):330-334. (461330a [pii]). 10.1038/461330a.
73. Walsh C. Medical school revises conflict of interest policy. Harvard Gazette 2010, July 21, Retrieved from http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2010/07/medical-school-revises-conflict-of-interest-policy/.
74. White G., Schneider C. Depression expert at Emory pulls out of research projects: NIH freezes grant money; Emory to begin monitoring potential conflicts of interest. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution 2008, October 14, A1. Retrieved from http://www.ajc.com/search/content/metro/dekalb/stories/2008/10/14/nemeroff_emory_funds.html.
75. Wu J.Q. Harvard Medical School to reexamine conflicts of interest policy. The Harvard Crimson 2008, June 16, Retrieved from http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2008/6/16/harvard-medical-school-to-reexamine-conflicts/?print=1.
76. Wynes D.L. Letter from Vice President for Research Administration to Members of the Emory Research Community October 10 Retrieved October 3, 2011, from. http://www.pharmalot.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/emory-coi-letter.pdf.