Estimates of the pharmacokinetics of famciclovir and its active metabolite penciclovir in young Asian elephants (Elephas maximus)

American Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 73, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 1996-2000

  Brock Dr , A Paige ^a   Isaza, Ramiro ^a   Hunter, Robert P ^b,f   Richman, Laura K ^c   Montali, Richard J ^c,g   Schmitt, Dennis L ^d,e   Koch, David E ^b,h   Lindsay, William A ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE   (United States)

^d MISSOURI STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e Ringling Brothers Center for Elephant Conservation   (United States)

^f ELANCO ANIMAL HEALTH   (United States)

^g JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF DUBUQUE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FAMCICLOVIR; PENCICLOVIR;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; AREA UNDER THE CURVE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG BLOOD LEVEL; DRUG HALF LIFE; DRUG METABOLISM; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG TRANSFORMATION; ELEPHANT; ELEPHAS MAXIMUS; FEMALE; LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY; MALE; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MAXIMUM PLASMA CONCENTRATION; NONHUMAN;

2-AMINOPURINE; ACYCLOVIR; ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ADMINISTRATION, RECTAL; ANIMALS; ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; AREA UNDER CURVE; CHROMATOGRAPHY, LIQUID; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; ELEPHANTS; FEMALE; HALF-LIFE; MALE; MASS SPECTROMETRY;

ANIMALIA; ELEPHANTIDAE; ELEPHAS MAXIMUS; HERPESVIRIDAE;

EID: 84870461946     PISSN: 00029645     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.73.12.1996     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Richman LK, Montali RJ, Cambre RC, et al. Clinical and pathological findings of a newly recognized disease of elephants caused by endotheliotropic herpesviruses. J Wildl Dis 2000;36:1-12.
2. Richman LK, Montali RJ, Garber RL, et al. Novel endotheliotropic herpesviruses fatal for Asian and African elephants. Science 1999;283:1171-1176.
3. Hayward GS, Latimer E, Richman LK, et al. Elephant endotheliotrophic herpesvirus progress report 3. Fort Worth, Tex: International Elephant Foundation, 2009.
4. Reid CE, Hildebrandt TB, Marx N, et al. Endotheliotropic elephant herpes virus (EEHV) infection. The first PCR-confirmed fatal case in Asia. Vet Q 2006;28:61-64.
5. Schmitt DL. Proboscidea (elephants). In: Fowler ME, Miller RE, eds. Zoo and wild animal medicine. 5th ed. St Louis: Saunders, 2003;541-550.
6. Schmitt DL, Hardy DA, Montali RJ, et al. Use of famciclovir for the treatment of endotheliotrophic herpesvirus infections in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). J Zoo Wildl Med 2000;31:518-522.
7. Schaftenaar W, Mensink JMCH, de Boer AM, et al. Successful treatment of a subadult Asian elephant bull (Elephas maximus) infected with the endotheliotropic elephant herpes virus, in Proceedings. 40th Int Symp Dis Zoo Wild Anim 2001;141-146.
8. Simpson D, Lyseng-Williamson KA. Famciclovir: a review of its use in herpes zoster and genital and orolabial herpes. Drugs 2006;66:2397-2416.
9. De Clercq E. Strategies in the design of antiviral drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2002;1:13-25.
10. Gill KS, Wood MJ. The clinical pharmacokinetics of famciclovir. Clin Pharmacokinet 1996;31:1-8.
11. Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. FAMVIR (famciclovir) tablets: prescribing information. Available at: www.pharma.us.novartis.com/product/pi/pdf/Famvir.pdf. Accessed Jan 1, 2011.
12. Boike SC, Pue MA, Freed MI, et al. Pharmacokinetics of famciclovir in subjects with varying degrees of renal impairment. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994;55:418-426.
13. Fowles SE, Pierce DM. High-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of 9-(4-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylbut-1-yl)guanine (BRL-39123) in human plasma and urine. Analyst 1989;114:1373-1375.
14. Riviere JE. Comparative pharmacokinetics: principles, techniques, and applications. Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1999.
15. Gibaldi M, Perrier D. Pharmacokinetics. New York: Marcel Dekker Inc, 1982.
16. Gulland FM, Carwardine PC. Plasma metronidazole levels in an Indian elephant (Elephas maximus) after rectal administration. Vet Rec 1987;120:440.
17. Maslow JN, Mikota SK, Zhu M, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of isoniazid in the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Asian and African elephants (Elephas maximus and Loxodonta africana). J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2005;28:21-27.
18. Isaza R, Hunter RP. Drug delivery to captive Asian elephants-treating Goliath. Curr Drug Deliv 2004;1:291-298.
19. Mikota S, Larsen RS, Montali R. Tuberculosis in elephants in North America. Zoo Biol 2000;19:393-403.
20. Mahmood I, Martinez M, Hunter RP. Interspecies allometric scaling. Part I: prediction of clearance in large animals. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006;29:415-423.
21. Hunter RP, Isaza R. Concepts and issues with interspecies scaling in zoological pharmacology. J Zoo Wildl Med 2008;39:517-526.