Weighing potential candidates for kidney transplant: The ethics of exclusion for elevated body mass index

Progress in Transplantation

Volumn 22, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 369-373

  MacAuley, Robert ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BODY MASS; ETHNOLOGY; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; HUMAN; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; PATIENT SELECTION; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

BODY MASS INDEX; HUMANS; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; PATIENT SELECTION; PREJUDICE; WAITING LISTS;

EID: 84870436702     PISSN: 15269248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7182/pit2012291     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Wolfe RA, Ashby VB, Milford EL, et al. Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(23):1725- 1730.
2. Axelrod DA, McCullough KP, Brewer ED, Becker BN, Segev DL, Rao PS. Kidney and pancreas transplantation in the United States, 1999-2008: the changing face of living donation. Am J Transplant. 2010;10(4 pt 2):987-1002.
3. United States Renal Data System. USRDS 2010 annual data report: atlas of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease in the United States. http://www.usrds.org/2010/pdf/v1-00a-intros.pdf. Accessed June 21, 2012.
4. Danovitch GM. Handbook of Kidney Transplantation. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2010.
5. Segev DL, Simpkins CE, Thompson RE, Locke JE, Warren DS, Montgomery RA. Obesity impacts access to kidney transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;19(2):349-355.
6. Bamgbade OA, Rutter TW, Nafiu OO, Dorje P. Postoperative complications in obese and nonobese patients. World J Surg. 2007;31(3):556-560; discussion 561.
7. Roine E, Bjork IT, Oyen O. Targeting risk factors for impaired wound healing and wound complications after kidney transplantation. Transplant Proc. 2010;42(7):2542-2546.
8. Falagas ME, Kompoti M. Obesity and infection. Lancet Infect Dis. 2006;6(7):438-446.
9. Sancho A, Avila A, Gavela E, et al. Effect of overweight on kidney transplantation outcome. Transplant Proc. 2007;39(7): 2202-2204.
10. Johnson CP, Kuhn EM, Hariharan S, Hartz AJ, Roza AM, Adams MB. Pre-transplant identification of risk factors that adversely affect length of stay and charges for renal transplantation. Clin Transplant. 1999;13(2):168-175.
11. Kasiske BL, Cangro CB, Hariharan S, et al. The evaluation of renal transplantation candidates: clinical practice guidelines. Am J Transplant. 2001;1(suppl 2):3-95.
12. Meier-Kriesche HU, Vaghela M, Thambuganipalle R, Friedman G, Jacobs M, Kaplan B. The effect of body mass index on long-term renal allograft survival. Transplantation. 1999;68(9): 1294-1297.
13. Modlin CS, Flechner SM, Goormastic M, et al. Should obese patients lose weight before receiving a kidney transplant? Transplantation. 1997;64(4):599-604.
14. Yamamoto S, Hanley E, Hahn AB, et al. The impact of obesity in renal transplantation: an analysis of paired cadaver kidneys. Clin Transplant. 2002;16(4):252-256.
15. Hoogeveen EK, Aalten J, Rothman KJ, et al. Effect of obesity on the outcome of kidney transplantation: a 20-year followup. Transplantation. 2011;91(8):869-874.
16. Gore JL, Pham PT, Danovitch GM, et al. Obesity and outcome following renal transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2006; 6(2):357-363.
17. Ogden CL, Carroll MD. Prevalence of overweight, obesity, and extreme obesity among adults: United States, trends 1960-1962 through 2007-2008. http://www.cdc.gov/NCHS/data/hestat/obesity-adult-07-08/obesity-adult-07-08.pdf. Accessed February 18, 2012.
18. Friedman AN, Miskulin DC, Rosenberg IH, Levey AS. Demographics and trends in overweight and obesity in patients at time of kidney transplantation. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003; 41(2):480-487.
19. Abbott KC, Glanton CW, Trespalacios FC, et al. Body mass index, dialysis modality, and survival: analysis of the United States Renal Data System Dialysis Morbidity and Mortality Wave II Study. Kidney Int. 2004;65(2):597-605.
20. Bennett WM, McEvoy KM, Henell KR, Pidikiti S, Douzdjian V, Batiuk T. Kidney transplantation in the morbidly obese: complicated but still better than dialysis. Clin Transplant. 2011; 25(3):401-405.
21. Kasiske BL, Klinger D. Cigarette smoking in renal transplant recipients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11(4):753-759.
22. Karabicak I, Aytug S, Lewis S, et al. Long-term kidney transplant outcome in obese patients in a predominantly African American population. Clin Transplant. 2011;25(3):E264-270.
23. Furriel F, Parada B, Campos L, et al. Pretransplantation overweight and obesity: does it really affect kidney transplantation outcomes? Transplant Proc. 2011;43(1):95-99.
24. Massarweh NN, Clayton JL, Mangum CA, Florman SS, Slakey DP. High body mass index and short-and long-term renal allograft survival in adults. Transplantation. 2005;80(10): 1430-1434.
25. Johnson DW, Isbel NM, Brown AM, et al. The effect of obesity on renal transplant outcomes. Transplantation. 2002;74(5): 675-681.
26. Meigs JB, Wilson PW, Fox CS, et al. Body mass index, metabolic syndrome, and risk of type 2 diabetes or cardiovascular disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;91(8):2906-2912.
27. Arnlov J, Ingelsson E, Sundstrom J, Lind L. Impact of body mass index and the metabolic syndrome on the risk of cardiovascular disease and death in middle-aged men. Circulation. 2010;121(2):230-236.
28. Ballard C. The power of Lebron. Sports Illustrated 2009. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1 151216/index.htm. Accessed February 18, 2012.
29. Jacobs EJ, Newton CC, Wang Y, et al. Waist circumference and all-cause mortality in a large US cohort. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170(15):1293-1301.
30. Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and metaanalysis. Obes Rev. 2012;13(3):275-286.
31. Johnson PM, Kenny PJ. Dopamine D2 receptors in addictionlike reward dysfunction and compulsive eating in obese rats. Nat Neurosci. 2010;13(5):635-641.
32. Buchwald H, Avidor Y, Braunwald E, et al. Bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2004;292(14): 1724-1737.
33. Encinosa WE, Bernard DM, Du D, Steiner CA. Recent improvements in bariatric surgery outcomes. Med Care. 2009; 47(5):531-535.
34. Brown H. For obese people, prejudice in plain sight. New York Times. March 15, 2010. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/16/health/16essa.html. Accessed February 18, 2012.
35. Puhl R, Brownell KD. Bias, discrimination, and obesity. Obes Res. 2001;9(12):788-805.
36. Kaminsky J, Gadaleta D. A study of discrimination within the medical community as viewed by obese patients. Obes Surg. 2002;12(1):14-18.
37. Knoll G, Cockfield S, Blydt-Hansen T, et al. Canadian Society of Transplantation: consensus guidelines on eligibility for kidney transplantation. CMAJ. 2005;173(10):S1-S25.
38. Kalble T, Alcaraz A, Budde K, et al. Guidelines on renal transplantation. 2009:29-43. http://www.guideline.gov/content .aspx?id=14835. Accessed February 18, 2012.
39. Cacciola RA, Pujar K, Ilham MA, Puliatti C, Asderakis A, Chavez R. Effect of degree of obesity on renal transplant outcome. Transplant Proc. 2008;40(10):3408-3412.
40. Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Curtin LR. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. JAMA. 2010;303(3):235-241.