Politics, business and the state in post-Soeharto Indonesia

Contemporary Southeast Asia

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 80-100

  Fukuoka, Yuki ^a  

^a Wills Memorial Building   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Indonesia; Patrimonial state; Reformasi; State business relations

Indexed keywords

EID: 84870322684     PISSN: 0129797X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1355/cs34-1d     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. See Nigel Harris, "New Bourgeoisies?", Journal of Development Studies 24, no. 2 (1988): 237-49.
2. Kanishka Jayasuriya, "Political Economy of Democratization", in Towards Illiberal Democracy in Pacific Asia, edited by Daniel A. Bell, David Brown, Kanishka Jayasuriya, and David M. Jones (New York: Palgrave, 1995), pp. 107-33.
3. Paul D. Hutchcroft, Booty Capitalism: The Politics of Banking in the Philippines (Ithaca, N.Y. and London: Cornell University Press, 1998).
4. Kanishka Jayasuriya, "Political Economy of Democratization", in Towards Illiberal Democracy in Pacific Asia, edited by Daniel A. Bell, David Brown, Kanishka Jayasuriya, and David M. Jones (New York: Palgrave, 1995), pp. 107-33.
5. Barrington Moore Jr., The Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (Boston: Beacon Press, 1967).
6. See Nigel Harris, "New Bourgeoisies?", Journal of Development Studies 24, no. 2 (1988): 237-49.
7. See Nigel Harris, "New Bourgeoisies?", Journal of Development Studies 24, no. 2 (1988): 237-49.
8. Kevin Hewison, Garry Rodan, and Richard Robison, "Introduction: Changing Forms of State Power in Southeast Asia", in Southeast Asia in the 1990s: Authoritarianism, Democracy and Capitalism, edited by Kevin Hewison, Richard Robison, and Garry Rodan (St. Leonard, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin, 1993), p. 29.
9. For a similar discussion on the changing government business relations see Anek Laothamatas, Business Associations and the New Political Economy of Thailand (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 1992).
10. Kanishka Jayasuriya, "Political Economy of Democratization", in Towards Illiberal Democracy in Pacific Asia, edited by Daniel A. Bell, David Brown, Kanishka Jayasuriya, and David M. Jones (New York: Palgrave, 1995), pp. 107-33.
11. Yun-han Chu, "The Realignment of Business Government Relations and Regime Transition in Taiwan", in Business and Government in Industrialising Asia, edited by Andrew MacIntyre (Ithaca and New York: Cornell University Press, 1994), p. 127.
12. See Yun Tae Kim, "Neoliberalism and the Decline of the Developmental State", Journal of Contemporary Asia 9, no. 4 (1999): 441-61
13. The Economic Planning Board of South Korea was abolished and amalgamated into the Ministry of Finance in 1992.
14. Vedi Hadiz and Richard Robison, "Neo-Liberal Reforms and Illiberal Consolidation: The Indonesian Paradox", Journal of Development Studies 41, no. 2 (2005): 220.
15. Paul D. Hutchcroft, Booty Capitalism: The Politics of Banking in the Philippines (Ithaca, N.Y. and London: Cornell University Press, 1998).
16. Richard Robison, Indonesia: The Rise of Capital (Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1986).
17. Andrew MacIntyre, Business and Politics in Indonesia (Sydney: Allen & Unwin, 1990), p. 3.
18. John T. Sidel, "Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy Revisited: Colonial State and Chinese Immigrant in the Making of Modern Southeast Asia", Comparative Politics 40, no. 2 (2008): 141.
19. Akiko Morishita, "The 2004 Elections to the People's Representative Council: Change and Continuity in the Political Elite of Post-Soeharto Indonesia", Tounan Aziya Kenkyu [Southeast Asian Studies] 45, no. 1 (2007): 57-97.
20. Dirk Tomsa, Party Politics and Democratization in Indonesia: Golkar in the post-Soeharto Era (London and New York: Routledge, 2009), p. 65.
21. See Yuri Sato, "Henbousuru Indonesia Keizaidantai" [The Transformation of Business Associations in Indonesia], Ajiken World Trend 176 (2010): 12-15.
22. Yuri Sato, "Overview of the seven years' experiment: What changed and what matters?", The Developing Economies 43, no. 1 (2005): 3-16.
23. Vedi Hadiz and Richard Robison, "Neo-Liberal Reforms and Illiberal Consolidation: The Indonesian Paradox", Journal of Development Studies 41, no. 2 (2005): 220.
24. For example in December 2003, the amendment to the Bank Indonesia Law was passed by the DPR. A number of crucial proposals of the central bank, such as the need for input from the BI Governor in the nomination of deputy governors, limiting the function of the BI Board of supervision, and delaying the establishment of the Financial Service Authority, all passed without a problem. It was suspected that the smooth deliberations of the amendment had something to do with bribes from Bank Indonesia to the legislature during the period. See "Air Zamzam di Senayan", Tempo, 13 July 2008.
25. The KPPU's performance was called into question in September 2008 when its chairman M. Iqbal was arrested by the Corruption Eradication Commission for accepting Rp. 500 million to rule in favour of one local company Astro's monopoly in broadcasting the English football Premier League. "Fulus Lippo di Lobi Hotel", Tempo, 28 September 2008.
26. The World Bank, "2012 Doing Business Report", .
27. Japan Bank for International Cooperation, "Indonesia no Toushi Kankyo" [Investment Climate in Indonesia], .
28. Harold Crouch, "Patrimonialism and Military Rule in Indonesia", World Politics 31, no. 4 (1979): 571-87.
29. Richard Robison, "Class, capital and the state in New Order Indonesia", in Southeast Asia: Essay in the Political Economy of Structural Change, edited by Richard Higgott and Richard Robison (London: Routledge, 1985), pp. 295-335.
30. Andrew MacIntyre, "The Politics of Finance in Indonesia: Command, Confusion and Competition", in The Politics of Finance in Developing Counties, edited by Stephan Haggard, Chung H. Lee, and Sylvia Maxfield (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1993), pp. 123-264.
31. Max Weber, Economy and Society (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1978), p. 240.
32. Ahmad D. Hadir, "Conglomerates: All in the Family?", in Indonesia Beyond Soeharto: Polity Economy Society Transition, edited by Donald H. Emmerson (Armonk, New York and London: M.E. Sharpe, 1999), p. 185.
33. Adam Schwartz, A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia's Search for Stability (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000), p. 297.
34. See Richard Robison, "Indonesia: Tensions in state and regime", in Southeast Asia in the 1990s: Authoritarianism Democracy and Capitalism.
35. Vedi Hadiz, "Neo-Liberal Reforms and Illiberal Consolidations: The Indonesian Paradox", Journal of Development Studies 41, no. 2 (2005): 233.
36. Jeffrey A. Winters, Oligarchy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).
37. "Conglomerates blasted for lack of ethics", Jakarta Post, 27 December 1993.
38. A good example of this was the Suriadjaya family who lost its control of the Astra group to Soeharto's cronies in the mid-1990s. For a discussion of the Suriadjaya family see Tim Barker, "Bank Summa: The 'Sacred Promise' Shadow Play (or the Story of Father and His Family)", Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, Working Paper 106 (Clayton, Vic: Monash University, 1998), pp. 1-27.
39. Adam Schwartz, A Nation in Waiting: Indonesia's Search for Stability (Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2000), p. 297.
40. John T. Side, Riots Pogroms Jihad: Religious Violence in Indonesia (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 2006), p. 120.
41. See "Govt Urged to Cater to Indigenous Entrepreneurs", Jakarta Post, 20 February 1998.
42. "Lengser Keprabon, Bagaimana Sebaiknya?", Warta Ekonomi, 25 May 1998.
43. Jeffrey A. Winters, Oligarchy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).
44. Christian Chua, Chinese Big Business in Indonesia: The State of Capital (London and New York: Routledge, 2008), p. 7.
45. Christian Chua, Chinese Big Business in Indonesia: The State of Capital (London and New York: Routledge, 2008), p. 7.
46. Christian Chua, Chinese Big Business in Indonesia: The State of Capital (London and New York: Routledge, 2008), p. 7.
47. See "Sebuah Panggung tanpa Pemain Baru", Tempo, 18 May 2008.
48. Jeffrey A. Winters, Oligarchy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011).
49. See Stephen Sherlock, "The Parliament in Indonesia's Decade of Democracy: People's Forum or Chamber of Cronies?", in Problem of Democratisation in Indonesia: Elections, Institutions and Society, edited by Edward Aspinal and Marcus Mietzner (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2010), pp. 160-180.
50. "Mega Complains about DPR's Powers", Jakarta Post, 15 July 2003.
51. Political transition in Indonesia has also entailed the transfer of power from Jakarta to the regions and the associated new importance of local offices as a source of patronage. For an excellent account of localization of power in post-Soeharto Indonesia, see Vedi Hadiz, Localising Power in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia: A Southeast Asia Perspective (Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, 2010).
52. Dan Slater, "Indonesia's Accountability Trap: Party Cartels and Presidential Power after Democratic Transition", Indonesia 78 (2004): 61-92.
53. "Keluarga Kalla: Bermula dari Sarung Sutra", Tempo, 18 May 2008.
54. See Stephen Sherlock, "The Parliament in Indonesia's Decade of Democracy: People's Forum or Chamber of Cronies?", in Problem of Democratisation in Indonesia: Elections, Institutions and Society, edited by Edward Aspinal and Marcus Mietzner (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2010), pp. 160-180.
55. "House, parties most corrupt", Jakarta Post, 10 December 2004.
56. Boediono, "Managing the Indonesian Economy: Some Lessons from the Past", Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies 41, no. 3 (2005): 318.
57. See Tony Prasetiantono, "The Political Economy of Privatization of State-owned Enterprises in Indonesia", unpublished Ph.D. thesis submitted to Australia National University, 2005.
58. Christian Chua, Chinese Big Business in Indonesia: The State of Capital (London and New York: Routledge, 2008), p. 7.
59. 'The politicking behind Krakatau Steel's planned sale, Jakarta Post, 14 May 2008.
60. "Lawmakers Sow Disillusion in Indonesia", New York Times, 16 October 2010.
61. Christiano Wibisono quoted in "Konglomerasi dan Kekayaan: Loe Lagi, Loe Lagi", Tempo, 18 May 2008.
62. "Era legislative heavy, DPR cenderung korupsi", DetikNews, 24 April 2008.
63. Dan Slater, "Indonesia's Accountability Trap: Party Cartels and Presidential Power after Democratic Transition", Indonesia 78 (2004): 61-92.