Atrial fibrillation in heart failure: An innocent bystander?

Current Cardiology Reviews

Volumn 8, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 273-280

  Khan, M A ^a   Neyses, L ^a,b   Mamas, M A ^a,b  

^a MANCHESTER ROYAL INFIRMARY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Atrial fibrillation; Heart failure; Prognosis

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; AMIODARONE; APIXABAN; CARVEDILOL; DABIGATRAN; DIGOXIN; DRONEDARONE; EDOXABAN; PLACEBO; RIVAROXABAN; WARFARIN;

AGE; ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CARDIOVERSION; CATHETER ABLATION; COHORT ANALYSIS; COMORBIDITY; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISEASE SEVERITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; HEART ATRIUM ENLARGEMENT; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART ATRIUM PACEMAKER; HEART ATRIUM PACING; HEART FAILURE; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE FUNCTION; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HEART TRANSPLANTATION; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR; INTERNATIONAL NORMALIZED RATIO; LEFT VENTRICULAR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION; LONG TERM CARE; LOW DRUG DOSE; LUNG WEDGE PRESSURE; META ANALYSIS (TOPIC); MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); OBESITY; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POST HOC ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PULMONARY VEIN ISOLATION; QUALITY OF LIFE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SINUS RHYTHM;

ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY; HEART FAILURE; HUMANS; PROGNOSIS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84870174835     PISSN: 1573403X     EISSN: 18756557     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157340312803760839     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Caldwell JC, Mamas MA. Heart failure, diastolic dysfunction and atrial fibrillation; mechanistic insight of a complex interrelationship. Heart fail rev 2012; 17(1): 27-33.
2. McMurray JJ, Stewart S. Epidemiology, aetiology, and prognosis of heart failure. Heart 2000; 83(5): 596-602.
3. McMurray JJ, Petrie MC, Murdoch DR, Davie AP. Clinical epidemiology of heart failure: public and private health burden. Eur Heart J 1998; 19 Suppl P: P9-16.
4. Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2012; 125(1): e2-e220.
5. Kannel WB, Benjamin EJ. Status of the epidemiology of atrial fibrillation. Med clin North Am 2008; 92(1): 17-40, ix.
6. Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA J Am Med Assoc 2001; 285(18): 2370-5.
7. Murphy NF, Simpson CR, Jhund PS, Stewart S, Kirkpatrick M, Chalmers J, et al. A national survey of the prevalence, incidence, primary care burden and treatment of atrial fibrillation in Scotland. Heart 2007; 93(5): 606-12.
8. Lubitz SA, Benjamin EJ, Ellinor PT. Atrial fibrillation in congestive heart failure. Heart Fail clin 2010; 6(2): 187-200.
9. Rivero-Ayerza M, Scholte Op Reimer W, Lenzen M, et al. Newonset atrial fibrillation is an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality in hospitalized heart failure patients: results of the Euro- Heart Failure Survey. Eur Heart J 2008; 29(13): 1618-24.
10. Maisel WH, Stevenson LW. Atrial fibrillation in heart failure: epidemiology, pathophysiology, and rationale for therapy. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91(6A): 2D-8D.
11. Adams KF, Jr., Fonarow GC, Emerman CL, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure in the United States: rationale, design, and preliminary observations from the first 100,000 cases in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE). Am Heart J 2005; 149(2): 209-16.
12. De Ferrari GM, Klersy C, Ferrero P, et al. Atrial fibrillation in heart failure patients: prevalence in daily practice and effect on the severity of symptoms. Data from the ALPHA study registry. Eur J Heart Fail 2007; 9(5): 502-9.
13. Deedwania PC, Lardizabal JA. Atrial fibrillation in heart failure: a comprehensive review. Am J Med 2010; 123(3): 198-204.
14. Anter E, Jessup M, Callans DJ. Atrial fibrillation and heart failure: treatment considerations for a dual epidemic. Circulation 2009; 119(18): 2516-25.
15. Clark DM, Plumb VJ, Epstein AE, Kay GN. Hemodynamic effects of an irregular sequence of ventricular cycle lengths during atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 30(4): 1039-45.
16. Pozzoli M, Cioffi G, Traversi E, Pinna GD, Cobelli F, Tavazzi L. Predictors of primary atrial fibrillation and concomitant clinical and hemodynamic changes in patients with chronic heart failure: a prospective study in 344 patients with baseline sinus rhythm. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 32(1): 197-204.
17. Dries DL, Exner DV, Gersh BJ, Domanski MJ, Waclawiw MA, Stevenson LW. Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk for mortality and heart failure progression in patients with asymptomatic and symptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction: a retrospective analysis of the SOLVD trials. Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 32(3): 695-703.
18. Olsson LG, Swedberg K, Ducharme A, et al. Atrial fibrillation and risk of clinical events in chronic heart failure with and without left ventricular systolic dysfunction: results from the Candesartan in Heart failure-Assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) program. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47(10): 1997-2004.
19. Middlekauff HR, Stevenson WG, Stevenson LW. Prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in advanced heart failure. A study of 390 patients. Circulation 1991; 84(1): 40-8.
20. Mamas MA, Caldwell JC, Chacko S, Garratt CJ, Fath-Ordoubadi F, Neyses L. A meta-analysis of the prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2009; 11(7): 676-83.
21. Ahmed A, Thornton P, Perry GJ, Allman RM, DeLong JF. Impact of atrial fibrillation on mortality and readmission in older adults hospitalized with heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2004; 6(4): 421-6.
22. Sherazi S, Zareba W. Diastolic heart failure: predictors of mortality. Cardiol J 2011; 18(3): 222-32.
23. Borleffs CJ, van Rees JB, van Welsenes GH, et al. Prognostic importance of atrial fibrillation in implantable cardioverterdefibrillator patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55(9): 879-85.
24. Caldwell JC, Contractor H, Petkar S, et al. Atrial fibrillation is under-recognized in chronic heart failure: insights from a heart failure cohort treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy. Europace 2009; 11(10): 1295-300.
25. Chamberlain AM, Redfield MM, Alonso A, Weston SA, Roger VL. Atrial fibrillation and mortality in heart failure: a community study. Circulation Heart Fail. 2011; 4(6): 740-6.
26. Kober L, Swedberg K, McMurray JJ, et al. Previously known and newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation: a major risk indicator after a myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure or left ventricular dysfunction. Eur J Heart Fail 2006; 8(6): 591-8.
27. Raunso J, Pedersen OD, Dominguez H, et al. Atrial fibrillation in heart failure is associated with an increased risk of death only in patients with ischaemic heart disease. Eur J Heart Fail 2010; 12(7): 692-7.
28. Pedersen OD, Sondergaard P, Nielsen T, et al. Atrial fibrillation, ischaemic heart disease, and the risk of death in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J 2006; 27(23): 2866-70.
29. Range FT, Schafers M, Acil T, et al. Impaired myocardial perfusion and perfusion reserve associated with increased coronary resistance in persistent idiopathic atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2007; 28(18): 2223-30.
30. Swedberg K, Olsson LG, Charlesworth A, et al. Prognostic relevance of atrial fibrillation in patients with chronic heart failure on long-term treatment with beta-blockers: results from COMET. Eur Heart J 2005; 26(13): 1303-8.
31. Corell P, Gustafsson F, Schou M, Markenvard J, Nielsen T, Hildebrandt P. Prevalence and prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in outpatients with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Eur J Heart Fail 2007; 9(3): 258-65.
32. Mahoney P, Kimmel S, DeNofrio D, Wahl P, Loh E. Prognostic significance of atrial fibrillation in patients at a tertiary medical center referred for heart transplantation because of severe heart failure. Am J Cardiol 1999; 83(11): 1544-7.
33. Rewiuk K, Wizner B, Fedyk-Lukasik M, et al. Epidemiology and management of coexisting heart failure and atrial fibrillation in an outpatient setting. Polskie Archiwum Medycyny Wewnetrznej. 2011; 121(11): 392-9.
34. Carson PE, Johnson GR, Dunkman WB, Fletcher RD, Farrell L, Cohn JN. The influence of atrial fibrillation on prognosis in mild to moderate heart failure. The V-HeFT Studies. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group. Circulation 1993; 87(6 Suppl): VI102-V110.
35. Hamaguchi S, Yokoshiki H, Kinugawa S, et al. Effects of atrial fibrillation on long-term outcomes in patients hospitalized for heart failure in Japan: a report from the Japanese Cardiac Registry of Heart Failure in Cardiology (JCARE-CARD). Circ J 2009; 73(11): 2084-90.
36. Shotan A, Garty M, Blondhein DS, et al. Atrial fibrillation and long-term prognosis in patients hospitalized for heart failure: results from heart failure survey in Israel (HFSIS). Eur Heart J 2010; 31(3): 309-17.
37. Wasywich CA, Pope AJ, Somaratne J, Poppe KK, Whalley GA, Doughty RN. Atrial fibrillation and the risk of death in patients with heart failure: a literature-based meta-analysis. Int Med J 2010; 40(5): 347-56.
38. Joglar JA, Acusta AP, Shusterman NH, et al. Effect of carvedilol on survival and hemodynamics in patients with atrial fibrillation and left ventricular dysfunction: retrospective analysis of the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Trials Program. Am Heart J 2001; 142(3): 498-501.
39. Rich MW, McSherry F, Williford WO, Yusuf S. Effect of age on mortality, hospitalizations and response to digoxin in patients with heart failure: the DIG study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2001; 38(3): 806-13.
40. Ahmed A, Rich MW, Love TE, et al. Digoxin and reduction in mortality and hospitalization in heart failure: a comprehensive post hoc analysis of the DIG trial. Eur Heart J 2006; 27(2): 178-86.
41. Singh SN, Fletcher RD, Fisher SG, et al. Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure. New Eng J Med 1995; 333(2): 77-82.
42. Roy D, Talajic M, Nattel S, et al. Rhythm control versus rate control for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. New Eng J Med 2008; 358(25): 2667-77.
43. Pedersen OD, Bagger H, Keller N, Marchant B, Kober L, Torp- Pedersen C. Efficacy of dofetilide in the treatment of atrial fibrillation-flutter in patients with reduced left ventricular function: a Danish investigations of arrhythmia and mortality on dofetilide (diamond) substudy. Circulation 2001; 104(3): 292-6.
44. Hohnloser SH, Crijns HJ, van Eickels M, et al. Dronedarone in patients with congestive heart failure: insights from ATHENA. Eur Heart J 2010; 31(14): 1717-21.
45. Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, McMurray JJ, et al. Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure. New Eng J Med 2008; 358(25): 2678-87.
46. Van Gelder IC, Hagens VE, Bosker HA, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation. New Eng J Med 2002; 347(23): 1834-40.
47. Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. New Eng J Med 2002; 347(23):1825-33.
48. Opolski G, Torbicki A, Kosior D, et al. Rhythm control versus rate control in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation. Results of the HOT CAFE Polish Study. Kardiologia polska 2003; 59(7): 1-16.
49. Carlsson J, Miketic S, Windeler J, et al. Randomized trial of ratecontrol versus rhythm-control in persistent atrial fibrillation: the Strategies of Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (STAF) study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41(10): 1690-6.
50. Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Lilienthal J. Rhythm or rate control in atrial fibrillation-Pharmacological Intervention in Atrial Fibrillation (PIAF): a randomised trial. Lancet 2000; 356(9244): 1789-94.
51. Caldeira D, David C, Sampaio C. Rate vs rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Int Med 2011; 22(5): 448-55.
52. Camm AJ, Breithardt G, Crijns H, et al. Real-life observations of clinical outcomes with rhythm- and rate-control therapies for atrial fibrillation RECORDAF (Registry on Cardiac Rhythm Disorders Assessing the Control of Atrial Fibrillation). J Am Coll Cardiol 2011; 58(5): 493-501.
53. Guglin M, Chen R, Curtis AB. Sinus rhythm is associated with fewer heart failure symptoms: insights from the AFFIRM trial. Heart rhythm 2010; 7(5): 596-601.
54. Deedwania PC, Singh BN, Ellenbogen K, Fisher S, Fletcher R, Singh SN. Spontaneous conversion and maintenance of sinus rhythm by amiodarone in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation: observations from the veterans affairs congestive heart failure survival trial of antiarrhythmic therapy (CHF-STAT). The Department of Veterans Affairs CHF-STAT Investigators. Circulation 1998; 98(23): 2574-9.
55. Shelton RJ, Clark AL, Goode K, et al. A randomised, controlled study of rate versus rhythm control in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation and heart failure: (CAFE-II Study). Heart 2009; 95(11): 924-30.
56. Kurita T, Motoki K, Yasuoka R, et al. Rhythm control should be better for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation and heart failure-rhythm control vs. rate control: which is better in the management of atrial fibrillation? (Rhythm-side). Circ J 2011; 75(4): 979-85.
57. Leon AR, Greenberg JM, Kanuru N, et al. Cardiac resynchronization in patients with congestive heart failure and chronic atrial fibrillation: effect of upgrading to biventricular pacing after chronic right ventricular pacing. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39(8): 1258-63.
58. Valls-Bertault V, Fatemi M, Gilard M, Pennec PY, Etienne Y, Blanc JJ. Assessment of upgrading to biventricular pacing in patients with right ventricular pacing and congestive heart failure after atrioventricular junctional ablation for chronic atrial fibrillation. Europace 2004; 6(5): 438-43.
59. Linde C, Braunschweig F, Gadler F, Bailleul C, Daubert JC. Longterm improvements in quality of life by biventricular pacing in patients with chronic heart failure: results from the Multisite Stimulation in Cardiomyopathy study (MUSTIC). Am J Cardiol 2003; 91(9): 1090-5.
60. Brignole M, Gammage M, Puggioni E, et al. Comparative assessment of right, left, and biventricular pacing in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2005; 26(7): 712-22.
61. Luedorff G, Grove R, Kowalski M, Wolff E, Thale J, Kranig W. Impact of chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with severe heart failure and indication for CRT: data of two registries with 711 patients (1999-2006 and 2007-6/2008). Herz Elektrophys 2011; 22(4): 226-32.
62. Hamdan MH, Freedman RA, Gilbert EM, Dimarco JP, Ellenbogen KA, Page RL. Atrioventricular junction ablation followed by resynchronization therapy in patients with congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation (AVERT-AF) study design. Pacing clin electrophysiol 2006; 29(10): 1081-8.
63. Hsu LF, Jais P, Sanders P, et al. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in congestive heart failure. New Eng J Med 2004; 351(23): 2373-83.
64. Tondo C, Mantica M, Russo G, et al. Pulmonary vein vestibule ablation for the control of atrial fibrillation in patients with impaired left ventricular function. Pacing clin electrophysiol 2006; 29(9): 962-70.
65. Chen MS, Marrouche NF, Khaykin Y, et al. Pulmonary vein isolation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients with impaired systolic function J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43(6): 1004-9.
66. Gentlesk PJ, Sauer WH, Gerstenfeld EP, et al. Reversal of left ventricular dysfunction following ablation of atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2007; 18(1): 9-14.
67. Khan MN, Jais P, Cummings J, et al. Pulmonary-vein isolation for atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. New Eng J Med 2008; 359(17): 1778-85.
68. Dagres N, Varounis C, Gaspar T, et al. Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction. A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Card Fail 2011; 17(11): 964-70.
69. Khargi K, Hutten BA, Lemke B, Deneke T. Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation; a systematic review. Eur J Cardiothorac 2005; 27(2): 258-65.
70. Ad N, Henry L, Hunt S. The impact of surgical ablation in patients with low ejection fraction, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Eur J Cardiothorac 2011; 40(1): 70-6.
71. Wasmer K, Eckardt L. Management of atrial fibrillation around the world: a comparison of current ACCF/AHA/HRS, CCS, and ESC guidelines. Europace 2011; 13(10): 1368-74.
72. Tzeis S, Andrikopoulos G. Novel anticoagulants for atrial fibrillation: a critical appraisal. Angiology 2012; 63(3): 164-70.
73. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. New Eng J Med 2009; 361(12): 1139-51.
74. Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2010; 31(19): 2369-429.
75. Cairns JA, Connolly S, McMurtry S, Stephenson M, Talajic M. Canadian Cardiovascular Society atrial fibrillation guidelines 2010: prevention of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation and flutter. Can J Cardiol 2011; 27(1): 74-90.
76. Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. New Eng J Med 2011; 365(10): 883-91.
77. Lopes RD, Alexander JH, Al-Khatib SM, et al. Apixaban for reduction in stroke and other ThromboemboLic events in atrial fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial: design and rationale. Am Heart J 2010; 159(3): 331-9.
78. Savelieva I, Camm AJ. Statins and atrial fibrillation: do we need a further study? Exp Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2011; 9(7): 801-4.
79. Savelieva I, Kakouros N, Kourliouros A, Camm AJ. Upstream therapies for management of atrial fibrillation: review of clinical evidence and implications for European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Part I: primary prevention. Europace 2011; 13(3): 308-28.
80. Savelieva I, Kakouros N, Kourliouros A, Camm AJ. Upstream therapies for management of atrial fibrillation: review of clinical evidence and implications for European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Part II: secondary prevention. Europace 2011; 13(5): 610-25.
81. Bhuriya R, Singh M, Sethi A, et al. Prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. J Cardiovasc Pharm T 2011; 16(2): 178-84.