Sinonasal Carcinomas. Epidemiology, Pathology, and Management

Neurosurgery Clinics of North America

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 2013, Pages 39-49

  Haerle, Stephan K ^a   Gullane, Patrick J ^a   Witterick, Ian J ^a   Zweifel, Christian ^a   Gentili, Fred ^a  

^a TORONTO GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Epidemiology; Management; Pathology; Sinonasal carcinoma; Skull base

Indexed keywords

CISPLATIN; DACARBAZINE; DOXORUBICIN; FLUOROURACIL; NITROSOUREA; PACLITAXEL; PLATINUM COMPLEX;

ACINAR CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA; ADENOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMA; ADVANCED CANCER; CANCER COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER INCIDENCE; CANCER LOCALIZATION; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER RADIOTHERAPY; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER RISK; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURGERY; CANCER SURVIVAL; CARCINOMA; DRUG RESPONSE; ESTHESIONEUROBLASTOMA; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HUMAN; LYMPH NODE METASTASIS; MELANOMA; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; OCCUPATIONAL HAZARD; PARANASAL SINUS CARCINOMA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SINONASAL NEUROENDOCRINE CARCINOMA; SINONASAL UNDIFFERENTIATED CARCINOMA; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; TUMOR BIOPSY;

ADENOCARCINOMA; CARCINOMA, ADENOID CYSTIC; CARCINOMA, MUCOEPIDERMOID; CARCINOMA, SQUAMOUS CELL; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; HUMANS; MELANOMA; NEOPLASM STAGING; NEUROBLASTOMA; NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS; NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; NOSE NEOPLASMS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PARANASAL SINUS NEOPLASMS; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 84869856054     PISSN: 10423680     EISSN: 15581349     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2012.08.004     Document Type: Review

References (103)

1. Turner J.H., Reh D.D. Incidence and survival in patients with sinonasal cancer: a historical analysis of population-based data. Head Neck 2012, 34(6):877-885.
2. Lund V.J., Stammberger H., Nicolai P., et al. European position paper on endoscopic management of tumours of the nose, paranasal sinuses and skull base. Rhinol Suppl 2010, 1:1-143.
3. Myers L.L., Nussenbaum B., Bradford C.R., et al. Paranasal sinus malignancies: an 18-year single institution experience. Laryngoscope 2002, 112:1964-1969.
4. Waldron J., Witterick I. Paranasal sinus cancer: caveats and controversies. World J Surg 2003, 27:849-855.
5. Khademi B., Moradi A., Hoseini S., et al. Malignant neoplasms of the sinonasal tract: report of 71 patients and literature review and analysis. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009, 13:191-199.
6. Dulguerov P., Jacobsen M.S., Allal A.S., et al. Nasal and paranasal sinus carcinoma: are we making progress? A series of 220 patients and a systematic review. Cancer 2001, 92:3012-3029.
7. Hoppe B.S., Stegman L.D., Zelefsky M.J., et al. Treatment of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus cancer with modern radiotherapy techniques in the postoperative setting: the MSKCC experience. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007, 67:691-702.
8. Blanch J.L., Ruiz A.M., Alos L., et al. Treatment of 125 sinonasal tumors: prognostic factors, outcome, and follow-up. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2004, 131:973-976.
9. Grau C., Jakobsen M.H., Harbo G., et al. Sino-nasal cancer in Denmark 1982-1991: a nationwide survey. Acta Oncol 2001, 40:19-23.
10. Osguthorpe J.D., Richardson M. Frontal sinus malignancies. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2001, 34:269-281.
11. DeMonte F., Ginsberg L.E., Clayman G.L. Primary malignant tumors of the sphenoid sinus. Neurosurgery 2000, 46:1084-1091.
12. Sikora A.G., Toniolo P., DeLacure M.D. The changing demographics of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the United States. Laryngoscope 2004, 114:1915-1923.
13. Lund V.J. Malignancy of the nose and sinuses: epidemiological and aetiological considerations. Rhinology 1991, 29:57-68.
14. Roush G.C. Epidemiology of cancer of the nose and paranasal sinuses, current concepts. Head Neck Surg 1979, 2:3-11.
15. Luce D., Leclerc A., Begin D., et al. Sinonasal cancer and occupational exposures: a pooled data analysis of 12 case-control studies. Cancer Causes Control 2002, 13:147-157.
16. McKay S.P., Gregoire L., Lonardo F., et al. Human papillomavirus (HPV) transcripts in malignant inverted papilloma are from integrated HPV DNA. Laryngoscope 2005, 115:1428-1431.
17. Syrjaenen K.J. HPV infections in benign and malignant sinonasal lesions. J Clin Pathol 2003, 56:174-181.
18. Alos L., Moyano S., Nadal A., et al. Human papillomaviruses are identified in a subgroup of sinonasal squamous cell carcinomas with favorable outcome. Cancer 2009, 115:2701-2709.
19. Ohngren L.G. Malignant tumours of the maxillo-ethmoidal region. Acta Otolaryngol 1993, 19:101-106.
20. AJCC cancer staging manual 2010, Springer, New York. 7th edition. S.B. Edge, D.R. Byrd, C.C. Compton (Eds.).
21. Patel S.G., Singh B., Polluri A., et al. Craniofacial surgery for malignant skull base surgery. Cancer 2003, 98:1170-1187.
22. Harvey R.J., Gallagher R.M., Sacks R. Extended endoscopic techniques for sinonasal resections. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2010, 43:6113-6638.
23. Barnes L., Everson J.W., Reichart P., et al. Pathology and genetics of head and neck tumors 2005, IARC Press, Lyon (France).
24. Wenig B.M. Undifferentiated malignant neoplasms of the sinonasal tract. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2009, 133:699-712.
25. Woodson G.E., Robbins T., Michaels L. Inverted papilloma. Consideration in treatment. Arch Otolaryngol 1985, 11:806-811.
26. Tanvetyanon T., Qin D., Padhya T., et al. Survival outcomes of squamous cell carcinoma arising from sinonasal inverted papilloma: report of 6 cases with systematic review and pooled analysis. Am J Otolaryngol 2009, 30:38-43.
27. Tufano R.P., Mokadam N.A., Montone K.T., et al. Malignant tumors of the nose and paranasal sinuses: hospital of the University of Pennsylvania experience 1990-1997. Am J Rhinol 1999, 13:117-123.
28. Wienecke J.A., Thompson L.D., Wenig B.M. Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the sinonasal tract. Cancer 1999, 85:841-854.
29. Hayashi T., Nonaka S., Bandoh N., et al. Treatment outcome of maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer 2001, 92:1495-1503.
30. Tiwari R., Hardillo J.A., Mehta D., et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of maxillary sinus. Head Neck 2000, 22:164-169.
31. Kim G.E., Chung E.J., Lim J.J., et al. Clinical significance of neck node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary antrum. Am J Otolaryngol 1999, 20:383-390.
32. Kida A., Endo S., Iida H., et al. Clinical assessment of squamous cell carcinoma of the nasal cavity proper. Auris Nasus Larynx 1995, 22:172-177.
33. Kleinsasser O., Schroeder H.G. Adenocarcinomas of the inner nose after exposure to wood dust. Morphological findings and relationships between histopathology and clinical behaviour in 79 cases. Arch Otorhinolaryngol 1988, 245:1-5.
34. Barnes L. Intestinal-type adenocarcinoma of the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinuses. Am J Surg Pathol 1986, 10:192-202.
35. Gnepp D.R., Heffner D.K. Mucosal origin of sinonasal tract adenomatous neoplasms. Mod Pathol 1989, 2:365-371.
36. Stoll D., Bebar J.B., Truilhe Y., et al. Ethmoid adenocarcinomas: retrospective study of 76 patients. Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol 2002, 122:21-29.
37. Knegt P.P., Ah-See K.W., van de Velden L.A., et al. Adenocarcinoma of the ethmoid sinus complex: surgical debulking and topical fluorouracil may be the optimal treatment. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2001, 127:141-146.
38. Perzin K.H., Gullane P., Clairmont A.C. Adenoid cystic carcinomas arising in salivary glands: a correlation of histologic features and clinical course. Cancer 1978, 42:265-282.
39. Khan A.J., DiGiovanna M.P., Ross D.A., et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma: a retrospective clinical review. Int J Cancer 2001, 96:149-158.
40. Spiro R.H., Huvos A.G., Strong E.W. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary origin: a clinicopathologic study of 242 cases. Am J Surg 1974, 128:512-520.
41. Kim G.E., Park H.C., Keum K.C., et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the maxillary antrum. Am J Otolaryngol 1999, 20:77-84.
42. Jones A.S., Hamilton J.W., Rowley H., et al. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck. Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci 1997, 22:434-443.
43. Spiro R.H. Distant metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma of salivary origin. Am J Surg 1997, 174:495-498.
44. Naficy S., Disher M.J., Esclamado R.M. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses. Am J Rhinol 1999, 13:311-314.
45. Pitman K.T., Prokopakis E.P., Aydogan B., et al. The role of skull base surgery for the treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the sinonasal tract. Head Neck 1999, 21:402-407.
46. Airoldi M., Pedani F., Succo G., et al. Phase II randomized trial comparing vinorelbine versus vinorelbine plus cisplatin in patients with recurrent salivary gland malignancies. Cancer 2001, 91:541-547.
47. Wolfish E.B., Nelson B.L., Thompson L.D.R. Sinonasal tract mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic study of 19 cases combined with a comprehensive review of the literature. Head Neck Pathol 2012, 6(2):191-207.
48. Loh K.S., Barker E., Bruch G., et al. Prognostic factors in malignancy of the minor salivary glands. Head Neck 2009, 31:58-63.
49. Neto A.G., Pineda-Daboin K., Spencer M.L., et al. Sinonasal acinic cell carcinoma: a clinicopathologic study of four cases. Head Neck 2005, 27:603-607.
50. Luna M.A. Sialoblastoma and epithelial tumors in children, their morphologic spectrum and distribution by age. Adv Anat Pathol 1999, 6:287-292.
51. Laskawi R., Rodel R., Zirk A., et al. Retrospective analysis of 35 patients with acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998, 56:440-443.
52. Frierson H.F., Mills S.E., Fechner R.E., et al. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: an aggressive neoplasm derived from schneiderian epithelium and distinct from olfactory neuroblastoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1986, 10:771-779.
53. Tanzler E.D., Morris C.G., Orlando C.A., et al. Management of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Head Neck 2008, 30:595-599.
54. Gorelick J., Ross D., Marentette L., et al. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: case series and review of the literature. Neurosurgery 2000, 47:750-754.
55. Cerilli L.A., Holst V.A., Brandwein M.S., et al. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: immunohistochemical profile and lack of EBV association. Am J Surg Pathol 2001, 25:156-163.
56. Deutsch B.D., Levine P.A., Stewart F.M., et al. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a ray of hope. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1993, 108:697-700.
57. Reiersen D.A., Pahilan M.E., Devaiah A.K. Meta-analysis of treatment outcomes for sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012, 147(1):7-14.
58. Ganly I., Patel S.G., Singh B., et al. Craniofacial resection for malignant melanoma of the skull base. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2006, 132:73-78.
59. Batsakis J.G., Suarez P., El-Naggar A.K. Mucosal melanomas of the head and neck. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1998, 107:626-630.
60. Regauer S., Anderhuber W., Richtig E., et al. Primary mucosal melanomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. A clinicopathological analysis of 14 cases. APMIS 1998, 106:403-410.
61. Lund V.J., Howard D.J., Harding L., et al. Management options and survival in malignant melanoma of the sinonasal mucosa. Laryngoscope 1999, 109:208-211.
62. Dauer E.H., Lewis J.E., Rohlinger A.L., et al. Sinonasal melanoma: a clinicopathologic review of 61 cases. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2008, 138:347-352.
63. Lund V.J., Chisholm E.J., Howard D.J., et al. Sinonasal malignant melanoma: an analysis of 115 cases assessing outcomes of surgery, postoperative radiotherapy and endoscopic resection. Rhinology 2012, 50:203-210.
64. Thomson L.D., Wieneke J.A., Miettinen M. Sinonasal tract and nasopharyngeal melanomas: a clinicopathologic study of 115 cases with a proposed staging system. Am J Surg Pathol 2003, 27:594-611.
65. Lengyel E., Glide K., Remenar E., et al. Malignant mucosal melanoma of the head and neck. Pathol Oncol Res 2003, 9:7-12.
66. Wang J., Murakami T., Hakamata Y., et al. Gene gun-mediated oral mucosal transfer of interleukin 12 cDNA coupled with an irradiated melanoma vaccine in a hamster model: successful treatment of oral melanoma and distant skin lesion. Cancer Gene Ther 2001, 8:705-712.
67. Morita A., Ebersold M.J., Olsen K.D., et al. Esthesioneuroblastoma: prognosis and management. Neurosurgery 1993, 32:706-715.
68. Spiro J.D., Soo K.C., Spiro R.H. Nonsquamous cell malignant neoplasms of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. Head Neck 1995, 17:114-118.
69. Kadish S., Goodman M., Wang C.C. Olfactory neuroblastoma. A clinical analysis of 17 cases. Cancer 1976, 37:1571-1576.
70. Foote R.L., Morita A., Ebersold M.J., et al. Esthesioneuroblastoma: the role of radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1993, 27:835-842.
71. Dulguerov P., Calcaterra T. Esthesioneuroblastoma: the UCLA experience 1970-1990. Laryngoscope 1992, 102:843-849.
72. Hyams V.J. Olfactory neuroblastoma. Tumours of the upper respiratory tract and ear 1998, 240-248. Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC. V. Hyams, L. Batsakis Michaels (Eds.).
73. Dulguerov P., Allal A.S., Calcaterra T.C. Esthesioneuroblastoma: a meta- analysis and review. Lancet Oncol 2001, 2:683-690.
74. Rastogi M., Bhatt M., Chufal K., et al. Esthesioneuroblastoma treated with non-craniofacial resection surgery followed by combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy: an alternative approach in limited resources. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2006, 36:613-619.
75. Bachar G., Goldstein D.P., Shah M., et al. Esthesioneuroblastoma: the Princess Margaret Hospital experience. Head Neck 2008, 30:1607-1614.
76. Girod D., Hanna E., Marentette L. Esthesioneuroblastoma. Head Neck 2001, 23:500-505.
77. Nicolai P., Battaglia P., Bignami M., et al. Endoscopic surgery for malignant tumors of the sinonasal tract and adjacent skull base: a 10-year experience. Am J Rhinol 2008, 22:308-316.
78. Folbe A., Herzallah I., Duvvuri U., et al. Endoscopic endonasal resection of esthesioneuroblastoma: a multicenter study. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2009, 23:91-94.
79. Villaret A.B., Yakirevitch A., Bizzoni A., et al. Endoscopic transnasal craniectomy in the management of selected sinonasal malignancies. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2010, 24:60-65.
80. Mitchell E.H., Diaz A., Yilmaz T., et al. Multimodality treatment for sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma. Head Neck 2011, [Epub ahead of print].
81. Smith S.R., Som P., Fahmy A., et al. A clinicopathological study of sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2000, 110:1617-1622.
82. Cordes B., Williams M.D., Tirado Y., et al. Molecular and phenotypic analysis of poorly differentiated sinonasal neoplasms: an integrated approach for early diagnosis and classification. Hum Pathol 2009, 40:283-292.
83. Iezzoni J.C., Mills S.E. " Undifferentiated" small round cell tumors of the sinonasal tract. Differential diagnosis update. Am J Clin Pathol 2005, 124:110-121.
84. Rosenthal D.I., Barker J.L., El-Naggar A.K., et al. Sinonasal malignancies with neuroendocrine differentiation: patterns of failure according to histologic phenotype. Cancer 2004, 101:2567-2573.
85. Perez-Ordonez B., Caruana S.M., Huvos A.G., et al. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Hum Pathol 1998, 29:826-832.
86. Lloyd G., Lund V.J., Howard D., et al. Optimum imaging for sinonasal malignancy. J Laryngol Otol 2000, 114:557-562.
87. 18F-FDG-PET/CT imaging for sinonasal malignant melanoma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2012, 269:127-133.
88. Lund V.J., Howard D.J., Lloyd G.A. CT evaluation of paranasal sinus tumours for cranio-facial resection. Br J Radiol 1989, 11:439-446.
89. Lund V.J., Howard D.J., Lloyd G.A., et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of paranasal sinus tumours for craniofacial resection. Head Neck 1989, 11:279-283.
90. Jansen E.P., Keus R.B., Hilgers F.J., et al. Does the combination of radiotherapy and debulking surgery favor survival in paranasal carcinoma?. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2000, 48:27-35.
91. Nag S., Tippin D., Grecula J., et al. Intraoperative high-dose-rate brachytherapy for paranasal sinus tumors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2004, 58:155-160.
92. Nishimura G., Tsukuda M., Mikami Y., et al. The efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma. Auris, Nasus, Larynx 2009, 36:547-554.
93. Enepekides D.J. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: an update. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2005, 13:222-225.
94. Sato Y., Morita M., Takahashi H.O., et al. Combined surgery, radiotherapy, and regional chemotherapy in carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses. Cancer 1970, 25:571-579.
95. Knegt P.P., deJong P.C., van Ander J.G., et al. Carcinoma of the paranasal sinuses. Results of a prospective pilot study. Cancer 1985, 56:57-62.
96. Lund V.J., Howard D.J., Wei W. Endoscopic resection of malignant tumors of the nose and sinuses. Am J Rhinol 2007, 21:89-94.
97. Batra P.S., Citardi M.J., Worley S., et al. Resection of anterior skull base tumors: comparison of combined traditional endoscopic techniques. Am J Rhinol 2005, 19:521-528.
98. Stammberger H., Anderhuber W., Wlach C., et al. Possibilities and limitations of endoscopic management of nasal and paranasal sinus malignancies. Acta Otorhinolaryngol Belg 1999, 53:199-205.
99. Yuen A.P., Fung C.F., Hung K.N. Endoscopic cranionasal resection of anterior skull base tumor. Am J Otolaryngol 1997, 118:431-433.
100. Thaler E.R., Kotapka M., Lanza D.C., et al. Endoscopically assisted anterior cranial skull base resection of sinonasal tumors. Am J Rhinol 1999, 13:303-310.
101. Hanna E., DeMonte F., Ibrahim S., et al. Endoscopic resection of sinonasal cancers with and without craniotomy: oncologic results. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2009, 1135:1219-1224.
102. Ganly I., Patel S.G., Singh B. Complications of craniofacial resection for malignant tumors of the skull base: report of an International Collaborative Study. Head Neck 2005, 27:445-451.
103. Neligan P., Mulholland S., Gullane P. Flap selection in cranial base surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg 1996, 98:1159-1166.