메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 284, Issue , 2012, Pages 269-285

Anatomy of a catastrophic wildfire: The Black Saturday Kilmore East fire in Victoria, Australia

Author keywords

Crown fire; Eucalyptus; Megafire; Pyrocumulonimbus; Spotting; Wildland urban interface

Indexed keywords

CROWN FIRES; EUCALYPTUS; MEGAFIRE; PYROCUMULONIMBUS; SPOTTING; WILDLAND URBAN INTERFACE;

EID: 84869508803     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2012.02.035     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (322)

References (64)
  • 2
    • 0003767820 scopus 로고
    • Spot fire distance from burning trees - a predictive model
    • USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tec. Rep. INT-56, Intermountain For. and Range Exp. Stn., Ogden Utah
    • Albini, F.A., 1979. Spot fire distance from burning trees - a predictive model. USDA For. Serv. Gen. Tec. Rep. INT-56, Intermountain For. and Range Exp. Stn., Ogden Utah, pp. 31.
    • (1979) , pp. 31
    • Albini, F.A.1
  • 3
    • 34247238811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wildland fire behavior case studies and analyses: value, approaches and practical uses
    • Alexander M.E., Thomas D.A. Wildland fire behavior case studies and analyses: value, approaches and practical uses. Fire Management Today 2003, 63(3):4-8.
    • (2003) Fire Management Today , vol.63 , Issue.3 , pp. 4-8
    • Alexander, M.E.1    Thomas, D.A.2
  • 4
    • 0013214762 scopus 로고
    • Floristics and vegetation biomass of a forest catchment, Kioloa, south coastal New South Wales
    • Ash J., Helman C. Floristics and vegetation biomass of a forest catchment, Kioloa, south coastal New South Wales. Cunninghamia 1990, 2:167-182.
    • (1990) Cunninghamia , vol.2 , pp. 167-182
    • Ash, J.1    Helman, C.2
  • 5
    • 0034457186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Environment and Plant Ecology of the Hume Range, Central Victoria
    • Ashton D.H. The Environment and Plant Ecology of the Hume Range, Central Victoria. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 2000, 112:185-278.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria , vol.112 , pp. 185-278
    • Ashton, D.H.1
  • 6
    • 0002419922 scopus 로고
    • Tall open-forests
    • Cambridge University Press, New York, R.H. Groves (Ed.)
    • Ashton D.H., Attiwill P.M. Tall open-forests. Australian Vegetation 1984, 157-196. Cambridge University Press, New York. R.H. Groves (Ed.).
    • (1984) Australian Vegetation , pp. 157-196
    • Ashton, D.H.1    Attiwill, P.M.2
  • 7
    • 84971041879 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient cycling in a Eucalyptus oblique (L'Herit.) forest. III. Growth, biomass, and net primary production
    • Attiwill P.M. Nutrient cycling in a Eucalyptus oblique (L'Herit.) forest. III. Growth, biomass, and net primary production. Australian Journal of Botany 1979, 27:429-458.
    • (1979) Australian Journal of Botany , vol.27 , pp. 429-458
    • Attiwill, P.M.1
  • 8
    • 0022236511 scopus 로고
    • Above ground nutrient distributions and cycling in Pinus radiata D Don and Eucalyptus obliqua L'Herit. forests in southeastern Australia
    • Baker T.G., Attiwill P.M. Above ground nutrient distributions and cycling in Pinus radiata D Don and Eucalyptus obliqua L'Herit. forests in southeastern Australia. Forest Ecology and Management 1985, 13:41-52.
    • (1985) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.13 , pp. 41-52
    • Baker, T.G.1    Attiwill, P.M.2
  • 9
    • 0021552501 scopus 로고
    • When a cold front sweeps across
    • Bell A. When a cold front sweeps across. Ecos 1985, 42:22-26.
    • (1985) Ecos , vol.42 , pp. 22-26
    • Bell, A.1
  • 10
    • 84869487967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fire severity patterns in the Victorian Bushfires of 7 February 2009: influences of weather, terrain and land use history
    • Bradstock, R., Price O., 2010. Fire severity patterns in the Victorian Bushfires of 7 February 2009: influences of weather, terrain and land use history. A report prepared for the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission, pp. 21.
    • (2010) A report prepared for the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission , pp. 21
    • Bradstock, R.1    Price, O.2
  • 11
    • 84869488037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bureau of Meteorology, Meteorological aspects of the 7 February 2009 Victorian fires, an overview. Bureau of Meteorology report for the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission, Bureau of Meteorology.
    • Bureau of Meteorology, 2009. Meteorological aspects of the 7 February 2009 Victorian fires, an overview. Bureau of Meteorology report for the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission, Bureau of Meteorology.
    • (2009)
  • 12
    • 0003456497 scopus 로고
    • Experimental development of a fire management model for jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Sm.) forest
    • Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Ph.D. thesis
    • Burrows, N.D., 1994. Experimental development of a fire management model for jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata Donn ex Sm.) forest. Aust. Natl. Univ., Canberra, Australian Capital Territory. Ph.D. thesis, pp. 293.
    • (1994) Aust. Natl. Univ. , pp. 293
    • Burrows, N.D.1
  • 13
    • 70349898774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel dynamics and fire spread in spinifex grasslands of the western desert
    • In: Tran, C. (Ed.), The Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland - Bushfire 2006 conference, Brisbane 6-9 June 2006
    • Burrows, N.D., Ward B., Robinson A., 2009. Fuel dynamics and fire spread in spinifex grasslands of the western desert. In: Tran, C. (Ed.), The Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland - Bushfire 2006 conference, Brisbane 6-9 June 2006, pp. 69-76.
    • (2009) , pp. 69-76
    • Burrows, N.D.1    Ward, B.2    Robinson, A.3
  • 14
    • 0003036835 scopus 로고
    • Southern rainforests
    • Cambridge University Press, New York, R.H. Groves (Ed.)
    • Busby J.R., Brown M.J. Southern rainforests. Australian Vegetation 1984, 131-1155. Cambridge University Press, New York. R.H. Groves (Ed.).
    • (1984) Australian Vegetation , pp. 131-1155
    • Busby, J.R.1    Brown, M.J.2
  • 15
    • 0002265638 scopus 로고
    • Combustion of forest fuels
    • McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 554-555, K.P. Davis (Ed.)
    • Byram G.M. Combustion of forest fuels. Forest Fire: Control and Use 1959, 61-89. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 554-555. K.P. Davis (Ed.).
    • (1959) Forest Fire: Control and Use , pp. 61-89
    • Byram, G.M.1
  • 17
    • 0344949687 scopus 로고
    • The propagation of mass conflagrations in a standing eucalypt forest by the spotting process
    • Paper A6 in Collected Papers, Mass fire Symposium, vol. 1. Common W. Aust., Defence Standards Lab, Maribyrnong, Victoria
    • Cheney, N.P., Bary, G.A.V., 1969. The propagation of mass conflagrations in a standing eucalypt forest by the spotting process. Paper A6 in Collected Papers, Mass fire Symposium, vol. 1. Common W. Aust., Defence Standards Lab, Maribyrnong, Victoria, pp. 18.
    • (1969) , pp. 18
    • Cheney, N.P.1    Bary, G.A.V.2
  • 21
    • 47549106599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Billo road fire - analysis if fire phenomena and suppression activities
    • Bushfire CRC Report No.A.07.02. Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
    • Cruz, M.G., Plucinski, M.P., 2007. Billo road fire - analysis if fire phenomena and suppression activities. Bushfire CRC Report No.A.07.02. Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, pp. 95.
    • (2007) , pp. 95
    • Cruz, M.G.1    Plucinski, M.P.2
  • 22
    • 79955016088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Kilmore East: progression and behaviour
    • Report No. CSE/BDA-001, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Crace, ACT.
    • Cruz, M.G., Sullivan, A.L., Hurley, R., Sims, N., Gould, J.S., Hollis, J.J., 2010. The Kilmore East: progression and behaviour. Report No. CSE/BDA-001, CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems, Crace, ACT.
    • (2010)
    • Cruz, M.G.1    Sullivan, A.L.2    Hurley, R.3    Sims, N.4    Gould, J.S.5    Hollis, J.J.6
  • 23
    • 47549117499 scopus 로고
    • Some characteristics of major fires in coniferous plantations
    • Douglas D.R. Some characteristics of major fires in coniferous plantations. Australian Forestry 1964, 28:119-124.
    • (1964) Australian Forestry , vol.28 , pp. 119-124
    • Douglas, D.R.1
  • 24
    • 80055093143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuelbed ignition potential and bark morphology explain the notoriety of the eucalypt messmate 'stringybark' for intense spotting
    • Ellis P.F. Fuelbed ignition potential and bark morphology explain the notoriety of the eucalypt messmate 'stringybark' for intense spotting. International Journal of Wildland Fire 2011, 20(7):897-907.
    • (2011) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.20 , Issue.7 , pp. 897-907
    • Ellis, P.F.1
  • 25
    • 0000219032 scopus 로고
    • Organic matter changes in an age series of Pinus radiata plantations
    • Forrest W.G., Ovington J.D. Organic matter changes in an age series of Pinus radiata plantations. Journal of Applied Ecology 1969, 7:177-186.
    • (1969) Journal of Applied Ecology , vol.7 , pp. 177-186
    • Forrest, W.G.1    Ovington, J.D.2
  • 26
    • 84869494499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operational debrief report 2008/09 fire season, Victorian Government Report, Melbourne, Vic. August 2009.
    • Fox, J., Runnalls, R., 2009. Operational debrief report 2008/09 fire season, Victorian Government Report, Melbourne, Vic. August 2009.
    • (2009)
    • Fox, J.1    Runnalls, R.2
  • 29
    • 0006631911 scopus 로고
    • Patterns and processes in open-forests of Eucalyptus in southern Australia
    • Cambridge University Press, New York, R.H. Groves (Ed.)
    • Gill A.M. Patterns and processes in open-forests of Eucalyptus in southern Australia. Australian Vegetation 1981, 197-226. Cambridge University Press, New York. R.H. Groves (Ed.).
    • (1981) Australian Vegetation , pp. 197-226
    • Gill, A.M.1
  • 30
    • 0001160735 scopus 로고
    • Adaptive responses of Australian vascular plant species to fires
    • Australian Academy of Science, Canberra, A.M. Gill, R.H. Groves, I.R. Noble (Eds.)
    • Gill A.M. Adaptive responses of Australian vascular plant species to fires. Fire and the Australian Biota 1981, 582. Australian Academy of Science, Canberra. A.M. Gill, R.H. Groves, I.R. Noble (Eds.).
    • (1981) Fire and the Australian Biota , pp. 582
    • Gill, A.M.1
  • 31
    • 0001070114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eucalypts and fires: interdependent or independent
    • In: Williams, J.E., Woinarski, J.C.Z. (Eds.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • Gill, A.M., 1997. Eucalypts and fires: interdependent or independent. In: Williams, J.E., Woinarski, J.C.Z. (Eds.), Eucalypt ecology: individuals to ecosystems. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
    • (1997) Eucalypt ecology: individuals to ecosystems.
    • Gill, A.M.1
  • 32
    • 10344267339 scopus 로고
    • Fire intensities in eucalyptus forests of Southeastern Australia
    • In: Proceedings of International Conference on Forest Fire Research, Coimbra, Portugal, 19-22 November 1990
    • Gill, A.M., Moore, P.H.R., 1990. Fire intensities in eucalyptus forests of Southeastern Australia. In: Proceedings of International Conference on Forest Fire Research, Coimbra, Portugal, 19-22 November 1990, pp. B24:1-12.
    • (1990)
    • Gill, A.M.1    Moore, P.H.R.2
  • 33
    • 70349517853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Project vesta: fire in dry eucalypt forest: fuel structure, fuel dynamics and fire behaviour
    • Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra ACT and Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth WA.
    • Gould, J.S., McCaw, W.L., Cheney, N.P., Ellis, P.F., Knight, I.K., Sullivan, A.L., 2007a. Project vesta: fire in dry eucalypt forest: fuel structure, fuel dynamics and fire behaviour. Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra ACT and Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth WA.
    • (2007)
    • Gould, J.S.1    McCaw, W.L.2    Cheney, N.P.3    Ellis, P.F.4    Knight, I.K.5    Sullivan, A.L.6
  • 34
    • 77954095646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Field guide- Fuel assessment and fire behaviour prediction in dry eucalypt forest
    • (Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra ACT and Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth WA).
    • Gould, J.S., McCaw, W.L., Cheney, N.P., Ellis, P.F., Matthews, S., 2007b. Field guide- Fuel assessment and fire behaviour prediction in dry eucalypt forest. (Ensis-CSIRO, Canberra ACT and Department of Environment and Conservation, Perth WA).
    • (2007)
    • Gould, J.S.1    McCaw, W.L.2    Cheney, N.P.3    Ellis, P.F.4    Matthews, S.5
  • 35
    • 79958050618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying fine fuel dynamics and structure in dry eucalypt forest (Eucalyptus marginata) in Western Australia for fire management
    • Gould J.S., McCaw W.L., Cheney N.P. Quantifying fine fuel dynamics and structure in dry eucalypt forest (Eucalyptus marginata) in Western Australia for fire management. Forest Ecology and Management 2011, 262:531-546.
    • (2011) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.262 , pp. 531-546
    • Gould, J.S.1    McCaw, W.L.2    Cheney, N.P.3
  • 36
    • 33744726790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remote sensing of fire severity in the Blue Mountains: influence of vegetation type and inferring fire intensity
    • Hammill K.A., Bradstock R.A. Remote sensing of fire severity in the Blue Mountains: influence of vegetation type and inferring fire intensity. International Journal of Wildland Fire 2006, 15(2):213-226.
    • (2006) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 213-226
    • Hammill, K.A.1    Bradstock, R.A.2
  • 37
    • 84895241051 scopus 로고
    • Fire management in Eucalypt forest
    • March 6-7, 1967, Tallahassee, Florida. Charied by E.V. Komarek, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, Florida.
    • Hodgson, A., 1967. Fire management in Eucalypt forest. In: Proceedings of 6th Annual Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference, March 6-7, 1967, Tallahassee, Florida. Charied by E.V. Komarek, Tall Timbers Research Station, Tallahassee, Florida.
    • (1967) Proceedings of 6th Annual Tall Timbers Fire Ecology Conference
    • Hodgson, A.1
  • 39
    • 79955021443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behind the flaming zone: predicting woody fuel consumption in Australian southern eucalypt forest fires
    • Hollis J.J., Matthews S., Anderson W.R., Cruz M.G., Burrows N.D. Behind the flaming zone: predicting woody fuel consumption in Australian southern eucalypt forest fires. Forest Ecology and Management 2011, 261:2049-2067.
    • (2011) Forest Ecology and Management , vol.261 , pp. 2049-2067
    • Hollis, J.J.1    Matthews, S.2    Anderson, W.R.3    Cruz, M.G.4    Burrows, N.D.5
  • 40
    • 80053111873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ITT Visual Information Solutions, Boulder, Colorado, ITT Industries
    • ITT Industries ENVI: The Environment for Visualising Images 2008, ITT Visual Information Solutions, Boulder, Colorado.
    • (2008) ENVI: The Environment for Visualising Images
  • 41
    • 0002373166 scopus 로고
    • A drought index for forest fire control
    • USDA Forest Service Res. Pap. SE-38
    • Keetch, J.J., Byram, G.M., 1968. A drought index for forest fire control. Southeast Forest Exp. Sta., USDA Forest Service Res. Pap. SE-38, pp. 32.
    • (1968) Southeast Forest Exp. Sta. , pp. 32
    • Keetch, J.J.1    Byram, G.M.2
  • 42
    • 0000563628 scopus 로고
    • Forest fires in South Australia on 16 February 1983 and consequent future forest management aims
    • Keeves A., Douglas D.R. Forest fires in South Australia on 16 February 1983 and consequent future forest management aims. Australian Forestry 1983, 46(3):148-162.
    • (1983) Australian Forestry , vol.46 , Issue.3 , pp. 148-162
    • Keeves, A.1    Douglas, D.R.2
  • 43
    • 84869505217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-fire assessment by remote sensing on National Park Service Lands
    • Poster abstract. In: Coffelt, J.L., Livingston, R.K. (Eds.), U.S. Geological Survey Wildland Fire Workshop, Los Alamos, NM, October 31-November 3, 2000. USGS Open-File, Report 02-11
    • Key, C.H., Benson, N.C., 2002. Post-fire assessment by remote sensing on National Park Service Lands. Poster abstract. In: Coffelt, J.L., Livingston, R.K. (Eds.), U.S. Geological Survey Wildland Fire Workshop, Los Alamos, NM, October 31-November 3, 2000. USGS Open-File, Report 02-11, pp. 56.
    • (2002) , pp. 56
    • Key, C.H.1    Benson, N.C.2
  • 45
    • 0020922847 scopus 로고
    • Seasonal changes in the biomass of a young Pinus radiata stand
    • Madgwick H.A.J. Seasonal changes in the biomass of a young Pinus radiata stand. New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science 1983, 13:25-36.
    • (1983) New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science , vol.13 , pp. 25-36
    • Madgwick, H.A.J.1
  • 46
    • 33744775910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A process-based model of fine fuel moisture
    • Matthews S. A process-based model of fine fuel moisture. International Journal of Wildland Fire 2006, 15(2):155-168.
    • (2006) International Journal of Wildland Fire , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 155-168
    • Matthews, S.1
  • 47
    • 0003524770 scopus 로고
    • Weather and grassland fire behaviour
    • Commonw. Aust., Forest and Timber Bureau, For. Res. Inst., Canberra, Leaflet 100
    • McArthur, A.G., 1966. Weather and grassland fire behaviour. Commonw. Aust., Forest and Timber Bureau, For. Res. Inst., Canberra, Leaflet 100, pp. 23.
    • (1966) , pp. 23
    • McArthur, A.G.1
  • 48
    • 0003751082 scopus 로고
    • Fire behaviour in eucalyptus forests
    • Commonw. Aust., Dep. Nat. Devel., Forest and Timber Bureau, Canberra, Leaflet No. 107
    • McArthur, A.G., 1967. Fire behaviour in eucalyptus forests. Commonw. Aust., Dep. Nat. Devel., Forest and Timber Bureau, Canberra, Leaflet No. 107, pp. 36.
    • (1967) , pp. 36
    • McArthur, A.G.1
  • 49
    • 84869488036 scopus 로고
    • The fire control problem and fire research in Australia
    • Spanish Minister of Agriculture, Madrid
    • McArthur A.G. The fire control problem and fire research in Australia. In: Proceedings of the 1966 Sixth world forestry congress 1969, vol. 2:1986-1991. Spanish Minister of Agriculture, Madrid.
    • (1969) In: Proceedings of the 1966 Sixth world forestry congress , vol.2 , pp. 1986-1991
    • McArthur, A.G.1
  • 50
    • 4243111657 scopus 로고
    • The characterization of fire in relation to ecological studies
    • McArthur A.G., Cheney N.P. The characterization of fire in relation to ecological studies. Australian Forestry 1966, 2:36-45.
    • (1966) Australian Forestry , vol.2 , pp. 36-45
    • McArthur, A.G.1    Cheney, N.P.2
  • 52
    • 84869489404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report on the effect of fuel reduction burning on the behaviour and severity of the Victorian bushfires of 7 February 2009. A report prepared for the 2009 Victorian bushfires Royal Commission
    • McCaw, W.L., 2010. Report on the effect of fuel reduction burning on the behaviour and severity of the Victorian bushfires of 7 February 2009. A report prepared for the 2009 Victorian bushfires Royal Commission, pp. 22.
    • (2010) , pp. 22
    • McCaw, W.L.1
  • 54
    • 0037963556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the quality of native vegetation: The 'habitat hectares' approach
    • Parkes D., Newell G., Cheal D. Assessing the quality of native vegetation: The 'habitat hectares' approach. Ecological Management and Restoration 2003, 4(S1):S29-S38.
    • (2003) Ecological Management and Restoration , vol.4 , Issue.S1
    • Parkes, D.1    Newell, G.2    Cheal, D.3
  • 55
    • 84869505221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3D-Rapic-The Australian radar visualisation system
    • Preprints, 33rd AMS Conf. Radar Meteorology, Cairns, Australia, 6-10 August 2007
    • Purdam, P.J., 2007. 3D-Rapic-The Australian radar visualisation system. Preprints, 33rd AMS Conf. Radar Meteorology, Cairns, Australia, 6-10 August 2007, Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    • (2007) Amer. Meteor. Soc.
    • Purdam, P.J.1
  • 58
    • 79952028091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transport and evolution of the 2009 Australian Black Saturday bushfire smoke in the lower stratosphere observed by OSIRIS on Odin
    • Siddaway J.M., Petelina S.V. Transport and evolution of the 2009 Australian Black Saturday bushfire smoke in the lower stratosphere observed by OSIRIS on Odin. Geophysical Research Letters 2011, 116:D06203.
    • (2011) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.116
    • Siddaway, J.M.1    Petelina, S.V.2
  • 60
    • 84869489403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determining landscape fine fuel moisture content of the Kilmore East 'Black Saturday' wildfire using spatially-extended point-based models
    • Submitted to Environmental Modelling and Software, doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.04.014
    • Sullivan, A.L., Matthews, S., 2013. Determining landscape fine fuel moisture content of the Kilmore East 'Black Saturday' wildfire using spatially-extended point-based models. Submitted to Environmental Modelling and Software, doi:10.1016/j.envsoft.2012.04.014.
    • (2013)
    • Sullivan, A.L.1    Matthews, S.2
  • 61
    • 84869178980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fuel, fire weather and fire behaviour in Australian ecosystems
    • CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, R.A. Bradstock, A.M. Gill, R.D. Williams (Eds.)
    • Sullivan A.L., McCaw W.L., Cruz M.G., Matthews S., Ellis P.F. Fuel, fire weather and fire behaviour in Australian ecosystems. Flammable Australia 2012, CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood. R.A. Bradstock, A.M. Gill, R.D. Williams (Eds.).
    • (2012) Flammable Australia
    • Sullivan, A.L.1    McCaw, W.L.2    Cruz, M.G.3    Matthews, S.4    Ellis, P.F.5
  • 63
    • 0002379762 scopus 로고
    • The line intersect method in forest fuel sampling
    • Van Wagner C.E. The line intersect method in forest fuel sampling. Forest Science 1968, 14(1):20-26.
    • (1968) Forest Science , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 20-26
    • Van Wagner, C.E.1
  • 64
    • 33646544803 scopus 로고
    • Forest fuels in unthinned radiata pine stands
    • Williams D.F. Forest fuels in unthinned radiata pine stands. Australian Forestry 1976, 39:238-244.
    • (1976) Australian Forestry , vol.39 , pp. 238-244
    • Williams, D.F.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.