Rhenium solubility in borosilicate nuclear waste glass: Implications for the processing and immobilization of technetium-99

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 46, Issue 22, 2012, Pages 12616-12622

  McCloy, John S ^a   Riley, Brian J ^a   Goel, Ashutosh ^a   Liezers, Martin ^a   Schweiger, Michael J ^a   Rodriguez, Carmen P ^a   Hrma, Pavel ^a   Kim, Dong Sang ^a   Lukens, Wayne W ^b   Kruger, Albert A ^c  

^a PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^b LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c DOE WTP Project Office Engineering Division   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

GLASS SYSTEMS; GLASS WASTES; HOST MATRICES; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA-OPTICAL EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; NONRADIOACTIVE; NUCLEAR WASTE GLASS; QUARTZ AMPULES; SODIUM BOROSILICATE GLASS; TECHNETIUM 99; X-RAY ABSORPTION NEAR-EDGE STRUCTURE;

BOROSILICATE GLASS; EMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA; RADIOACTIVE WASTES; SODIUM; SOLUBILITY; TECHNETIUM; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

RHENIUM;

BORON; GLASS; RHENIUM; TECHNETIUM 99M;

GLASS; IMMOBILIZATION; RADIOACTIVE WASTE; RHENIUM; SOLUBILITY; TECHNETIUM ISOTOPE; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY;

ARTICLE; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); NUCLEAR WASTE; RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING; SYNTHESIS; VOLATILIZATION; X RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; X RAY DIFFRACTION;

ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION; GLASS; OXIDATION-REDUCTION; RADIOACTIVE WASTE; RHENIUM; SILICATES; SOLUBILITY; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY, ATOMIC; TECHNETIUM; VITRIFICATION; X-RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; X-RAY DIFFRACTION;

EID: 84869437464     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es302734y     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Certa, P. J. Empey, P. A. River Protection Project System Plan; Office of River Protection, US Department of Energy: Richland, WA, ORP-11242 Revision 6, 2011.
2. Mann, F. Annual Summary of the Integrated Facility Performance Assessment for 2004; CH2M HILL Hanford Group, Inc.: Richland, WA, DOE/ORP-2000-19 Revision 4, 2004.
3. Westsik, J. H. Hanford Site Secondary Waste Roadmap; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, PNNL-18196, 2009.
4. Mann, F. M. Raymond, R. E. Risk Analysis Supporting the Decision of the Initial Selection of Supplemental ILAW Technologies; CH2M Hill Hanford Group: Richland, WA, RPP-17675, Rev. 0, 2003.
5. Shaw, G., Ed. Radioactivity in the Terrestrial Environment; Elsevier: Oxford, UK, 2007; Vol. 10.
6. Um, W.; Chang, H.-S.; Icenhower, J. P.; Lukens, W. W.; Serne, R. J.; Qafoku, N. P.; Westsik, J. H.; Buck, E. C.; Smith, S. C. Immobilization of 99-Technetium (VII) by Fe(II)-Goethite and Limited Reoxidation Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45 (11) 4904-4913 10.1021/es104343p
7. Lammertz, H.; Merz, E.; Halaszovich, S. Technetium Volatilization during HLLW. Vitrification Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 1985, 44, 823-829
8. Darab, J. G.; Smith, P. A. Chemistry of technetium and rhenium species during low-level radioactive waste vitrification Chem. Mater. 1996, 8 (5) 1004-1021 10.1021/cm950418+
9. Matlack, K. S.; Muller, I. S.; Pegg, I. L.; Joseph, I. Improved Technetium Retention in Hanford LAW Glass-Phase 1; Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America: Washington, DC, VSL-10R1920-1, 2010.
10. Kim, D. S.; Bagaasen, L. M.; Crum, J. V.; Fluegel, A.; Gallegos, A.; Martinez, B.; Matyas, J.; Meyer, P. A.; Paulsen, D. R.; Riley, B. J.; Schweiger, M. J.; Stewart, C. W.; Swoboda, R. G.; Yeager, J. D. Investigation of Tc migration mechanism during bulk vitrification process using Re surrogate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, PNNL-16267, 2006.
11. Kim, D. S.; Soderquist, C. Z.; Icenhower, J. P.; McGrail, B. P.; Scheele, R. D.; McNamara, B. K.; Bagaasen, L. M.; Schweiger, M. J.; Crum, J. V.; Yeager, J. D.; Matyas, J.; Darnell, L. P.; Schaef, H. T.; Owen, A. T.; Kozelisky, A. E.; Snow, L. A.; Steele, M. J. Tc Reductant Chemistry and Crucible Melting Studies with Simulated Hanford Low-Activity Waste; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 2005, PNNL-15131.
12. Lukens, W. W.; McKeown, D. A.; Buechele, A. C.; Muller, I. S.; Shuh, D. K.; Pegg, I. L. Dissimilar behavior of technetium and rhenium in borosilicate waste glass as determined by X-ray absorption spectroscopy Chem. Mater. 2007, 19 (3) 559-566 10.1021/cm0622001
13. Armstrong, A. F.; Valliant, J. F. Differences between the macroscopic and tracer level chemistry of rhenium and technetium: contrasting cage isomerisation behaviour of Re(i) and Tc(i) carborane complexes Dalton Trans. 2010, 39 (35) 8128-8131
14. Dilworth, J. R.; Parrott, S. J. The biomedical chemistry of technetium and rhenium Chem. Soc. Rev. 1998, 27 (1) 43-55 (Pubitemid 128653040)
15. West, A. J. Manganese, technetium and rhenium Annu. Rep. Prog. Chem., Sect. A: Inorg. Chem. 2011, 107, 173-182 10.1039/C1IC90004H
16. Cotton, F. A.; Wilkinson, G. Advanced Inorganic Chemistry, 4 th ed.; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1980.
17. Matlack, K. S.; Joseph, I.; Gong, W. L.; Muller, I. S.; Pegg, I. L. Glass Formulation Development and DM10 Melter Testing with ORP LAW Glasses; Vitreous State Laboratory, the Catholic University of America: Washington, D.C., VSL-09R1510-2, 2009.
18. Koningsberger, D. C.; Prins, R. X-Ray Absorption: Principles, Applications, Techniques of EXAFS, SEXAFS, and XANES; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1988.
19. Ravel, B.; Newville, M. ATHENA and ARTEMIS: Interactive graphical data analysis using IFEFFIT Phys. Scr. 2005, T115, 1007-1010 (Pubitemid 351525057)
20. Webb, S. SIXPack (Sams Interface for XAS Package) Documentation. Version 0.68. In Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL), 2010, http://ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/∼swebb/spdocs/sixpack-documentation.htm.
21. Hrma, P. Retention of Halogens in Waste Glass; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 2010, PNNL-19361.
22. ONeill, H. S. C.; Palme, H. Composition of the Silicate Earth: Implications for Accretion and Core Formation. In The Earths Mantle: Composition, Structure and Evolution, 1st ed.; Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, U.K., 1999.
23. MacKenzie, J. M.; Canil, D. Experimental constraints on the mobility of Rhenium in silicate liquids Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2006, 70 (20) 5236-5245 (Pubitemid 44567160)
24. Standard Test Method for Measuring Waste Glass or Glass Ceramic Durability by Vapor Hydration Test; ASTM International: West Conshohocken, PA, 2009; ASTM C 1663-09.
25. McKeown, D. A.; Buechele, A. C.; Lukens, W. W.; Shuh, D. K.; Pegg, I. L. Tc and Re behavior in borosilicate waste glass vapor hydration tests Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41, 431-436 10.1021/es061306u (Pubitemid 46106272)
26. Buechele, A. C.; McKeown, D. A.; Lukens, W. W.; Shuh, D. K.; Pegg, I. L. Tc and Re behavior in borosilicate waste glass vapor hydration tests II J. Nucl. Mater. 2012, 429 (1-3) 159-165 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2012.05.032
27. Matlack, K. S.; Muller, I. S.; Callow, R. A.; DAngelo, N.; Bardacki, T.; Joseph, I.; Pegg, I. L. Improved technetium retention in Hanford LAW Glass-Phase 2; Vitreous State Laboratory, The Catholic University of America: Washington, DC, VSL-101R2260-1, 2011.
28. Schwochau, K. The present status of technetium chemistry Radiochim. Acta 1983, 32 (1-3) 139-152
29. Mishra, R. K.; Sudarsan, K. V.; Sengupta, P.; Vatsa, R. K.; Tyagi, A. K.; Kaushik, C. P.; Das, D.; Raj, K. Role of sulfate in structural modifications of sodium barium borosilicate glasses developed for nuclear waste immobilization J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 2008, 91 (12) 3903-3907 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02773.x
30. Goel, A.; McCloy, J. S.; Windisch, Jr, C. F.; Riley, B. J.; Schweiger, M. J.; Rodriguez, C. P.; Ferreira, J. M. F. Structure of rhenium-containing sodium borosilicate glass. Int. J. Appl. Glass Sci., n.d. in press.
31. Shannon, R. D. Revised effective ionic radii and systematic studies of interatomic distances in halides and chalcogenides Acta Crystallog. A 1976, 32, 751-767
32. Ertel, W.; ONeill, H. S. C.; Sylvester, P. J.; Dingwell, D. B.; Spettel, B. The solubility of rhenium in silicate melts: Implications for the geochemical properties of rhenium at high temperatures Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2001, 65 (13) 2161-2170 (Pubitemid 32704368)
33. Schreiber, H. D.; Settle, F. A., Jr; Jamison, P. L.; Eckenrode, J. P.; Headley, G. W. Ruthenium in glass-forming borosilicate melts JLCM 1986, 115 (1) 145-154 10.1016/0022-5088(86)90379-6 (Pubitemid 16487097)
34. Vienna, J. D.; Hrma, P.; Buchmiller, W. C.; Ricklefs, J. S. Preliminary investigations of sulfur loading in Hanford LAW glass; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory: Richland, WA, 2004, PNNL-14649.
35. Smith, P. A.; Vienna, J. D.; Hrma, P. The effects of melting reactions on laboratory-scale waste vitrification J. Mater. Res. 1995, 10 (8) 2137-2149