Habitat-based PCB environmental quality criteria for the protection of endangered killer whales (orcinus orca)

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 46, Issue 22, 2012, Pages 12655-12663

  Alava, Juan José ^a,b   Ross, Peter S ^b   Lachmuth, Cara ^b,c   Ford, John K B ^d   Hickie, Brendan E ^e   Gobas, Frank A P C ^a  

^a SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b INSTITUTE OF OCEAN SCIENCES   (Canada)

^c Straitwatch Marine Mammal Monitoring and Education   (Canada)

^d PACIFIC BIOLOGICAL STATION   (Canada)

^e TRENT UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AREA-BASED; BIOACCUMULATION MODELS; BRITISH COLUMBIA; CHINOOK SALMON; CRITICAL EVALUATION; ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY CRITERIA; FOOD WEBS; KILLER WHALE; MANAGEMENT SCENARIOS; MARINE MAMMALS; MODEL APPLICATION; NOVEL METHODOLOGY; PCB CONCENTRATION; SEDIMENT QUALITY; SEDIMENT QUALITY CRITERION; THRESHOLD CONCENTRATIONS; TISSUE RESIDUE; TROPHIC LEVEL;

BIOCHEMISTRY; CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION; ECOSYSTEMS; FISH; MAMMALS; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEDIMENTOLOGY; TISSUE;

POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS;

POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL DERIVATIVE;

BIOACCUMULATION; ENDANGERED SPECIES; FOOD WEB; PCB; QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS; SEDIMENT POLLUTION; TOXICITY; TROPHIC LEVEL; WHALE;

ARTICLE; BIOACCUMULATION; CONCENTRATION (PARAMETERS); ENDANGERED SPECIES; FORAGING; HABITAT; KILLER WHALE; NONHUMAN; ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA; RISK ASSESSMENT; SEDIMENT;

ANIMALS; AQUATIC ORGANISMS; BRITISH COLUMBIA; DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIP, DRUG; ENDANGERED SPECIES; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FOOD CHAIN; GEOLOGIC SEDIMENTS; INVERTEBRATES; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; OCEANS AND SEAS; PHYTOPLANKTON; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SALMON; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL; WHALE, KILLER; ZOOPLANKTON;

BRITISH COLUMBIA; CANADA;

MAMMALIA; ONCORHYNCHUS TSHAWYTSCHA; ORCINUS ORCA;

EID: 84869405906     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es303062q     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Ford, J. K. B.; Ellis, G. M.; Balcomb, K. C. Killer Whales: The Natural History and Genealogy of Orcinus orca in the Waters of British Columbia and Washington; University of British Columbia Press and University of Washington Press: Vancouver, BC and Seattle, WA, 2000.
2. Ford, J. K. B. An assessment of critical habitats of resident killer whales in waters off the Pacific coast of Canada. Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, DFO. Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2006/072, 2006.
3. Species Profile: Killer Whale Southern Resident Population. In Species At Risk Public Registry; Government of Canada, 2010; http://www.sararegistry.gc. ca/species/speciesDetails-e.cfm?sid=699.
4. Endangered Species Act Status of Puget Sound killer Whales; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Northwest Regional Office, National Marine Fisheries Service, 2010. http://www.nwr.noaa.gov/Marine-Mammals/ Whales-Dolphins-Porpoise/killer-Whales/ESA-Status/Index.cfm.
5. Species Profile: killer Whale Northern Resident Population. In Species At Risk Public Registry; Government of Canada, 2010. http://www.sararegistry.gc. ca/species/speciesDetails-e.cfm?sid=698.
6. Ford, J. K. B.; Wright, B. M.; Ellis, G. M.; Candy, J. R. Chinook salmon predation by resident killer whales: Seasonal and regional selectivity, stock identity of prey, and consumption rates. Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, DFO. Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2009/101, 2010.
7. Ross, P. S.; Ellis, G. M.; Ikonomou, M. G.; Barrett-Lennard, L. G.; Addison, R. F. High PCB concentrations in free-ranging Pacific killer whales, Orcinus orca: effects of age, sex and dietary preference Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2000, 40, 504-515 (Pubitemid 30314605)
8. Addison, R. F. Organochlorines and marine mammal reproduction Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1989, 46, 360-368
9. Brouwer, A.; Reijnders, P. J. H.; Koeman, J. H. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)-contaminated fish induces vitamin A and thyroid hormone deficiency in the common seal (Phoca vitulina) Aquat. Toxicol. 1989, 15, 99-106 (Pubitemid 19178547)
10. Ross, P. S.; De Swart, R. L.; Van Loveren, H.; Osterhaus, A. D. M. E.; Vos, J. G. The immunotoxicity of environmental contaminants to marine wildlife: A review Annu. Rev. Fish Dis. 1996, 6, 151-165 (Pubitemid 28078104)
11. Ross, P. S.; De Swart, R. L.; Timmerman, H. H.; Reijnders, P. J. H.; Vos, J. G.; Van Loveren, H.; Osterhaus, A. D. M. E. Suppression of natural killer cell activity in harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) fed Baltic Sea herring Aquat. Toxicol. 1996, 34, 71-84 (Pubitemid 26004089)
12. Mos, L.; Morsey, B.; Jeffries, S. J.; Yunker, M. B.; Raverty, S.; De Guise, S.; Ross, P. S. Chemical and biological pollution contribute to the immunological profiles of free-ranging harbor seals Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2006, 25, 3110-3117 (Pubitemid 46106819)
13. Bergman, A.; Olsson, M.; Reiland, S. Skull-bone lesions in the Baltic grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) Ambio 1992, 21, 517-519
14. Tabuchi, M.; Veldhoen, N.; Dangerfield, N.; Jeffries, S. J.; Helbing, C. C.; Ross, P. S. PCB related alteration of thyroid hormones and thyroid hormone receptor gene expression in free ranging harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) Environ. Health Perspect. 2006, 114, 1024-1031 (Pubitemid 44018898)
15. Mos, L.; Cameron, M.; Jeffries, S. J.; Koop, B. F.; Ross, P. S. Risk-based analysis of PCB toxicity in harbor seals Integr. Environ. Assess. Manage. 2010, 6, 631-640
16. Hall, A. J.; Mcconnell, B. J.; Rowles, T. K.; Aguilar, A.; Borrell, A.; Schwacke, L.; Reijnders, P. J. H.; Wells, R. S. Individual-based model framework to assess population consequences of polychlorinated biphenyl exposure in bottlenose dolphins Environ. Health Perspect. 2006, 114, 60-64
17. Ylitalo, G. M.; Stein, J. E.; Hom, T.; Johnson, L. L.; Tilbury, K. L.; Hall, A. J.; Rowles, T.; Grieg, D.; Lowenstine, L. J.; Gulland, F. M. D. The role of organochlorines in cancer-associated mortality in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2005, 50, 30-39 (Pubitemid 40138848)
18. Elliott, J. E.; Butler, R. W.; Norstrom, R. J.; Whitehead, P. E. Environmental contaminants and reproductive success of great blue herons Ardea herodias in British Columbia, 1986-87 Environ. Pollut. 1989, 59, 91-114
19. Ylitalo, G. M.; Matkin, C. O.; Buzitis, J.; Krahn, M.; Jones, L. L.; Rowles, T.; Stein, J. E. Influence of life-history parameters on organochlorine concentrations in free-ranging killer whales (Orcinus orca) from Prince William Sound, AK Sci. Total Environ. 2001, 281, 183-203 (Pubitemid 33121246)
20. Best, D. A.; Elliott, K. H.; Bowerman, W. W.; Shieldcastle, M.; Postupalsky, S.; Nye, P. E.; Kubiak, T. J.; Tillitt, D. E.; Elliott, J. E. Productivity, embryo and eggshell characteristics and contaminants in bald eagles from the Great Lakes, U.S.A Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010, 21, 1581-1592
21. Buckman, A. H.; Veldhoen, N.; Ellis, G.; Ford, J. K. B.; Helbing, C.; Ross, P. S. PCB-associated changes in mRNA expression in killer whales (Orcinus orca) from the NE Pacific Ocean Environ. Sci. Technol. 2011, 45, 10194-10202
22. Gobas, F. A. P. C.; Arnot, J. Food web bioaccumulation model for polychlorinated biphenyls in San Francisco Bay, California, USA Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010, 29, 1385-1395
23. Johannessen, S. C.; Macdonald, R. W.; Wright, C. A.; Burd, B.; Shaw, D. P.; van Roodselaar, A. Joined by geochemistry, divided by history: PCBs and PBDEs in Strait of Georgia sediments Mar. Environ. Res. 2008, 66, S112-S120
24. Hickie, B. E.; Ross, P. S.; Macdonald, R. W.; Ford, J. K. B. Killer whales (Orcinus orca) face protracted health risks associated with lifetime exposure to PCBs Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41, 6613-6619 (Pubitemid 47438008)
25. Lachmuth, C. L.; Alava, J. J.; Hickie, B. E.; Johannessen, S. C.; Macdonald, R. W.; Ford, J. K. B.; Ellis, G. M.; Gobas, F. A. P. C.; Ross, P. S. Ocean disposal in resident killer whale (Orcinus orca) critical habitat: Science in support of risk management. DFO. Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2010/116, 2010.
26. Grant, P. B. C.; Johannessen, S. C.; Macdonald, R. W.; Yunker, M.; Sanborn, M.; Dangerfield, N.; Wright, C.; Ross, P. S. Environmental fractionation of PCBs and PBDEs during particle transport as recorded by sediments in coastal waters Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011, 30, 1522-1532
27. Noël, M.; Dangerfield, N.; Hourston, R. A. S.; Belzer, W.; Shaw, P.; Yunker, M. B.; Ross, P. S. Do trans-Pacific air masses deliver PBDEs to coastal British Columbia, Canada? Environ. Pollut. 2009, 157, 3404-3412
28. Xie, W. H.; Shiu, W. Y.; Mackay, D. A review of the effect of salts on the solubility of organic compounds in seawater Mar. Environ. Res. 1997, 44, 429-444
29. Ford, J. K. B.; Ellis, G. M. Selective foraging by fish-eating killer whales Orcinus orca in British Columbia Mar. Ecol.: Prog. Ser. 2006, 316, 185-199 (Pubitemid 44155407)
30. Ford, J. K. B. Killer whale (Orcinus orca). In Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 2 nd ed.; Perrin, W. F.; Wursig, B.; Thewissen, J. G. M., Eds.; Academic Press: San Diego, CA, 2009; pp 1316.
31. Olesiuk, P. F.; Bigg, M. A.; Ellis, G. M. Life history and population dynamics of resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) in the coastal waters of British Columbia and Washington State Rep. Int. Whal. Commn. 1990, 12, 209-243
32. Cullon, D. L.; Yunker, M. B.; Alleyne, C.; Dangerfield, N. J.; ONeill, S.; Whiticar, M. J.; Ross, P. S. Persistent organic pollutants in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): Implications for resident killer whales of British Columbia and adjacent waters Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2009, 28, 148-161
33. Canadian sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: Summary tables. In Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines; Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment (CCME): Winnipeg, MB, 1999.
34. Disposal at Sea Regulations and Regulations Respecting Applications for Permits for Disposal at Sea; SOR/2001-275 and 276; Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA), 2001.
35. Criteria for Managing Contaminated Sediment in British Columbia: Technical Appendix; Contaminated Sites Program, Environmental Management Branch, Environmental Protection Division, British Columbia Ministry of Water, Land and Air Protection (BCMWLAP): BC, 2004.
36. Burkhard, L. P.; Cook, P. M.; Lukasewycz, M. T. Comparison of biota-sediment accumulation factors across ecosystems Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39, 5716-5721 (Pubitemid 41098405)