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This choice of input state ensures a symmetric behavior of the quantum walk, while other input states may lead to asymmetric probability distributions. Throughout this paper, we will consider input states that lead to symmetric probability distributions, our proposal and analysis is, however, not restricted to such input states
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This choice of input state ensures a symmetric behavior of the quantum walk, while other input states may lead to asymmetric probability distributions. Throughout this paper, we will consider input states that lead to symmetric probability distributions, our proposal and analysis is, however, not restricted to such input states.
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Depending on the energy (Formula presented) of the hyperfine structure levels (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) we have that (Formula presented) where (Formula presented)
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Depending on the energy (Formula presented) of the hyperfine structure levels (Formula presented) and (Formula presented) we have that (Formula presented) where (Formula presented)
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Using that (Formula presented) within (Formula presented) and two lattice sites, we have that after a complete cycle (including also a final (Formula presented) operation), i.e., (Formula presented) (Formula presented) which implies that relative phases became a global, irrelevant phase. For example, a particle in state (Formula presented) picks up a phase shift (Formula presented) within the first time interval (Formula presented) while a phase shift (Formula presented) is picked up in the second time interval (Formula presented)
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Using that (Formula presented) within (Formula presented) and two lattice sites, we have that after a complete cycle (including also a final (Formula presented) operation), i.e., (Formula presented) (Formula presented) which implies that relative phases became a global, irrelevant phase. For example, a particle in state (Formula presented) picks up a phase shift (Formula presented) within the first time interval (Formula presented) while a phase shift (Formula presented) is picked up in the second time interval (Formula presented)
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We have restricted our investigation to incoherent tunneling effects. One may also investigate the influence of coherent tunneling on the quantum walk. In this case, tunneling serves as an additional source of interference, which may affect the interference constituting the basis of the quantum walk. A detailed analysis of such influence is, however, beyond the scope of this paper
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We have restricted our investigation to incoherent tunneling effects. One may also investigate the influence of coherent tunneling on the quantum walk. In this case, tunneling serves as an additional source of interference, which may affect the interference constituting the basis of the quantum walk. A detailed analysis of such influence is, however, beyond the scope of this paper.
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