Observational Study of the Association of First Insulin Type in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes with Macrovascular and Microvascular Disease

PLoS ONE

Volumn 7, Issue 11, 2012, Pages

  Hall, Gillian C ^a   McMahon, Alex D ^b   Carroll, Dawn ^c   Home, Philip D ^d  

^a Grimsdyke House   (United Kingdom)

^b GLASGOW DENTAL HOSPITAL AND SCHOOL   (United Kingdom)

^c Sanofi aventis Ltd   (United Kingdom)

^d NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INSULIN DERIVATIVE; ORAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; RECOMBINANT HUMAN INSULIN;

ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; ADULT; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; COHORT ANALYSIS; DIABETES CONTROL; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHY; DIABETIC MACROANGIOPATHY; DIABETIC MICROANGIOPATHY; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; DIABETIC NEUROPATHY; DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HEART INFARCTION; HEMOGLOBIN BLOOD LEVEL; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OBSERVATIONAL STUDY; PRESCRIPTION; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; RISK ASSESSMENT; TREATMENT DURATION; UNITED KINGDOM; WEIGHT CHANGE; WEIGHT GAIN;

ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; BODY WEIGHT; COHORT STUDIES; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; GREAT BRITAIN; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; INSULIN, ISOPHANE; INSULINS; PROPORTIONAL HAZARDS MODELS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; VASCULAR DISEASES;

EID: 84869124050     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0049908     Document Type: Article

References (21)

1. Schramm TK, Gislason GH, Kober L, Rasmussen S, Rasmussen JN, et al. (2008) Diabetes patients requiring glucose-lowering therapy and nondiabetics with a prior myocardial infarction carry the same cardiovascular risk: a population study of 3.3 million people. Circulation 117: 1945-1954.
2. Wright A, Burden AC, Paisey RB, Cull CA, Holman RR, (2002) Sulfonylurea inadequacy: efficacy of addition of insulin over 6 years in patients with type 2 diabetes in the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS 57). Diabetes Care 25: 330-336.
3. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (2009) Type 2 diabetes: newer agents. Available: http://www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/pdf/CG87ShortGuideline.pdf. Accessed 2010 Sep 1.
4. Holman RR, Thorne KI, Farmer AJ, Davies MJ, Keenan JF, et al. (2007) Addition of biphasic, prandial, or basal insulin to oral therapy in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 357: 1716-1730.
5. Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J, (2003) The Treat-to-Target Trial. Diabetes Care 26: 3080-3086.
6. Rosenstock J, Fonseca V, McGill JB, Riddle M, Halle JP, et al. (2009) Similar progression of diabetic retinopathy with insulin glargine and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a long-term, randomised, open-label study. Diabetologia 52: 1778-1788.
7. The ORIGIN Trial Investigators (2012) Basal Insulin and Cardiovascular and Other Outcomes in Dysglycemia. New England Journal of Medicine 10.1056/NEJMoa1203858.
8. Lewis JD, Schinnar R, Bilker WB, Wang X, Strom BL, (2007) Validation studies of the health improvement network (THIN) database for pharmacoepidemiology research. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 16: 393-401.
9. NHS Centre for Coding and Classification (1996) The READ Codes Version 3. London: Stationary Office.
10. Hall GC, McMahon AD, Carroll D, Home PD, (2012) Macrovascular and microvascular outcomes after beginning of insulin versus additional oral glucose-lowering therapy in people with type 2 diabetes: an observational study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 21: 305-313.
11. Joint Formulary Committee (2008) British National Formulary 55. Available: http://www.bnf.org/bnf/. Accessed 2008 Mar 1.
12. Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E, Kausz AT, Levin A, et al. (2003) National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med 139: 137-147.
13. Levey AS, Bosch JP, Lewis JB, Greene T, Rogers N, et al. (1999) A more accurate method to estimate glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine: a new prediction equation. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 130: 461-470.
14. Calvert M, Shankar A, McManus RJ, Lester H, Freemantle N, (2009) Effect of the quality and outcomes framework on diabetes care in the United Kingdom: retrospective cohort study. BMJ 338: b1870.
15. Holman RR, Farmer AJ, Davies MJ, Levy JC, Darbyshire JL, et al. (2009) Three-year efficacy of complex insulin regimens in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med 361: 1736-1747.
16. Riddle MC, Rosenstock J, Gerich J, (2003) The treat-to-target trial: randomized addition of glargine or human NPH insulin to oral therapy of type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 26: 3080-3086.
17. Janka HU, Plewe G, Riddle MC, Kliebe-Frisch C, Schweitzer MA, et al. (2005) Comparison of Basal Insulin Added to Oral Agents Versus Twice-Daily Premixed Insulin as Initial Insulin Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Care 28: 254-259.
18. Yki-Jarvinen H, Kauppinen-Makelin R, Tiikkainen M, Vahatalo M, Virtamo H, et al. (2006) Insulin glargine or NPH combined with metformin in type 2 diabetes: the LANMET study. Diabetologia 49: 442-451.
19. Bretzel RG, Nuber U, Landgraf W, Owens DR, Bradley C, et al. (2008) Once-daily basal insulin glargine versus thrice-daily prandial insulin lispro in people with type 2 diabetes on oral hypoglycaemic agents (APOLLO): an open randomised controlled trial. Lancet 371: 1073-1084.
20. Home P, Balkau BJ, Danchin N, Genestin E, Marre M, et al. (2010) Beginning insulin in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in real life practice - 1-year results of the 4-year CREDIT Study Diabetologia. 53: 380-381.
21. Hall GC, (2009) Validation of death and suicide recording on the THIN UK primary care database. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 18: 120-131.