Solute and geothermal flux monitoring using electrical conductivity in the Madison, Firehole, and Gibbon Rivers, Yellowstone National Park

Applied Geochemistry

Volumn 27, Issue 12, 2012, Pages 2370-2381

  McCleskey, R Blaine ^a   Clor, Laura E ^b   Lowenstern, Jacob B ^b   Evans, William C ^b   Nordstrom, D Kirk ^a   Heasler, Henry ^c   Huebner, Mark A ^b  

^a U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

^b U S GEOLOGICAL SURVEY   (United States)

^c NATIONAL PARK SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CONDUCTIVITY ANOMALIES; CONDUCTIVITY DATA; CONDUCTIVITY SENSORS; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; FLUX MONITORING; GAGING STATIONS; GEOTHERMAL AREAS; HEAVY RAIN EVENT; MAGMA CHAMBER; MONITORING SITES; PREVIOUS YEAR; RAIN EVENTS; SOLUTE CONCENTRATIONS; SOLUTE FLUX; THERMAL WATERS; WATER SAMPLES; YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARKS; YELLOWSTONES;

DISCHARGE (FLUID MECHANICS); ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; GEYSERS; RAIN; SEDIMENTARY ROCKS;

RIVERS;

CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DATA SET; DISSOLUTION; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ESTIMATION METHOD; FLUX MEASUREMENT; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; RIVER DISCHARGE; SOLUTE; TEMPERATURE EFFECT;

FIREHOLE RIVER; GIBBON RIVER; MADISON; UNITED STATES; WISCONSIN; WYOMING; YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK;

HYLOBATIDAE;

EID: 84868582353     PISSN: 08832927     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2012.07.019     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Ball, J.W., Nordstrom, D.K., 1991. User's Manual for WATEQ4F, with Revised Thermodynamic Data Base and Test Cases for Calculating Speciation of Major, Trace, and Redox Elements in Natural Waters. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 91-0183.
2. Ball, J.W., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., Holloway, J.M., Verplanck, P.L., 2002. Water-Chemistry Data for Selected Springs, Geysers, and streams in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 1999-2000. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 02-382.
3. Ball, J.W., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., Holloway, J.M., 2006. Water-Chemistry Data for Selected Springs, Geysers, and Streams in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2003-2005. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 2006-1339.
4. Ball, J.W., McCleskey, R.B., Nordstrom, D.K., 2010. Water-Chemistry Data for Selected Springs, Geysers, and Streams in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2006-2008. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 2010-1192.
5. Barringer, J.L., Johnsson, P.A., 1996. Theoretical Considerations and a Simple Method for Measuring Alkalinity and Acidity in Low-pH Waters by Gran Titration. U.S. Geol. Surv. Water-Resour. Invest. Rep. 89-4029.
6. Brinton, T.I., Antweiler, R.C., Taylor, H.E., 1995. Method for the Determination of Dissolved Chloride, Nitrate, and Sulfate in Natural Water Using Ion Chromatography. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 95-426A.
7. Clor, L., McCleskey, R.B., Huebner, M., Lowenstern, J.B., Heasler, H., Mahony, D., Moloney, T., Evans, W.C., 2012. Water Chemistry and Electrical Conductivity Database for Rivers in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. U.S. Geol. Surv. Data Series 632. http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/632/.
8. Ellis A.J., Wilson S.H. The heat from the Wairakei-Taupo thermal region calculated from the chloride output. N. Z. J. Sci. Technol. Sect. B 1955, 36:622-631.
9. Fournier R.O. Geochemistry and dynamics of the Yellowstone National Park hydrothermal system. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 1989, 17:13-53.
10. Fournier R.O. Geochemistry and dynamics of the Yellowstone National Park hydrothermal system. Geothermal Biology and Geochemistry in Yellowstone National Park 2005, 3-30. MSU Thermal Biology Institute, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. W.P. Inskeep, T.R. McDermott (Eds.).
11. Fournier R.O., Potter R.W. Magnesium correction to the Na-K-Ca chemical geothermometer. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1979, 43:1543-1550.
12. Fournier R.O., White D.E., Truesdell A.H. Convective heat flow in Yellowstone National Park. U.N. Geotherm. Symp. San Francisco 1976, 1975:731-739.
13. Fournier, R.O., Weltman, U., Counce, D., White, D.L., Janik, C.J., 2002. Results of Weekly Chemical and Isotopic Monitoring of Selected Springs in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park During June-September, 1995. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 02-344.
14. Friedman I., Norton D.R. Anomalous chloride flux discharges from Yellowstone National Park. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 1990, 42:225-234.
15. Friedman, I., Norton, D.R., 2007. Is Yellowstone losing its steam? Chloride flux out of Yellowstone National Park. In: Morgan, L.A. (Ed.), Integrated Geoscience Studies in the Greater Yellowstone Area-Volcanic, Tectonic, and Hydrothermal Processes in the Yellowstone Geoecosystem. U.S. Geol. Surv. Prof. Paper 1717, pp. 271-297.
16. Hem J.D. Conductance: a collective measure of dissolved ions. Water Analysis 1982, 137-161. Academic Press, Inc., Orlando. R.A. Minear, L.H. Keith (Eds.).
17. Hurwitz, S., Eagan, S., Heasler, H., Mahony, D., Huebner, M.A., Lowenstern, J.B., 2007a. River Chemistry and Solute Flux in Yellowstone National Park. U.S. Geol. Surv. Data Series 278, Version 3.0, Revised 2009. http://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/2007/278/.
18. Hurwitz S., Lowenstern J.B., Heasler H.P. Spatial and temporal geochemical trends in the hydrothermal system of Yellowstone National Park: inferences from river solute fluxes. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2007, 162:149-171.
19. Ingebritsen S.E., Galloway D.L., Colvard E.M., Sorey M.L., Mariner R.H. Time-variation of hydrothermal discharge at selected sites in the western United States: implications for monitoring. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2001, 111:1-23.
20. Mahler, G.D., 1964. Studies of Geysers and Hot Springs along the Firehole River, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Yellowstone Library and Museum Associations.
21. McCleskey, R.B., Ball, J.W., Nordstrom, D.K., Holloway, J.M., Taylor, H.E., 2005. Water-Chemistry Data for Selected Springs, Geysers, and Streams in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 2001-2002. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 2004-1316.
22. McCleskey R.B., Nordstrom D.K., Susong D.D., Ball J.W., Holloway J.M. Source and fate of inorganic solutes in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA: I. Low-flow discharge and major solute chemistry. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2010, 193:189-202.
23. McCleskey R.B., Nordstrom D.K., Susong D.D., Ball J.W., Taylor H.E. Source and fate of inorganic solutes in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, USA. II. Trace element chemistry. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2010, 196:139-155.
24. McCleskey R.B., Nordstrom D.K., Ryan J.N., Ball J.W. A new method of calculating electrical conductivity with applications to natural waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 2012, 77:369-382.
25. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2011. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration: National Climatic Data Center. (accessed 15.12.11). http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/search.
26. National Park Service, 2012. Old Faithful Area Natural Features. (accessed 15.01.12). http://www.nps.gov/yell/planyourvisit/noldfaith.htm.
27. Nordstrom D.K. Hydrogeochemical processes governing the origin, transport and fate of major and trace elements from mine wastes and mineralized rock to surface waters. Appl. Geochem. 2011, 26:1777-1791.
28. Nordstrom D.K., Jenne E.A. Fluorite solubility equilibria in selected geothermal waters. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 1977, 41:175-188.
29. Nordstrom D.K., Munoz J.L. Geochemical Thermodynamics, second ed 1994, Blackwell Scientific Publications, Caldwell, New Jersey.
30. Norton D.R., Friedman I. Chloride flux out of Yellowstone National Park. J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 1985, 26:231-250.
31. Norton, D.R., Friedman, I., 1991. Chloride Flux and Surface Water Discharge out of Yellowstone National Park, 1982-1989. U.S. Geol. Surv. Bull. 1959.
32. Runkel, R.L., Crawford, C.G., Cohn, T.A., 2004. Load Estimator (LOADEST): A FORTRAN Program for Estimating Constituent Loads in Streams and Rivers. U.S. Geol. Surv. Techniques and Methods, Book 4. Reston, Virginia, pp. 1-69.
33. Truesdell, A.H., Fournier, R.O., 1976. Conditions in the Deeper Parts of the Hot Spring Systems of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. U.S. Geol. Surv. Open-File Rep. 76-428.
34. Truesdell A.H., Nathanson M., Rye R.O. The effects of subsurface boiling and dilution on the isotopic compositions of Yellowstone thermal waters. J. Geophys. Res. 1977, 82:3694-3704.
35. U.S. Geological Survey, 2011. National Water Information System (NWISWeb): U.S. Geol. Surv. (accessed 15.12.11). http://waterdata.usgs.gov/co/nwis.
36. Verplanck P.L., Nordstrom D.K., Bove D.J., Plumlee G.S., Runkel R.L. Naturally acidic surface and ground waters draining porphyry-related mineralized areas of the Southern Rocky Mountains, Colorado and New Mexico. Appl. Geochem. 2009, 24:255-267.
37. Whittlesey L.H. Wonderland Nomenclature: A History of the Place Names of Yellowstone National Park 1988, Montana Historical Society Press.
38. Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, 2012. Notable Changes in Thermal Activity at Norris Geyser Basin Provide Opportunity to Study Hydrothermal System: U.S. Geol. Surv. (accessed 23.02.12). http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/yvo/publications/2003/NorrisTherm03.php.