Strength and geometry of the glacial Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation

Nature Geoscience

Volumn 5, Issue 11, 2012, Pages 813-816

  Lippold, Jörg ^a   Luo, Yiming ^b   Francois, Roger ^b   Allen, Susan E ^b   Gherardi, Jeanne ^c   Pichat, Sylvain ^d   Hickey, Ben ^e   Schulz, Hartmut ^f  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HEIDELBERG   (Germany)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

^c DIF   (France)

^d UNIVERSITÉ DE LYON   (France)

^e UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^f UNIVERSITY OF TÜBINGEN   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATLANTIC MULTIDECADAL OSCILLATION; GEOMETRY; GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CYCLE; GLACIOMARINE DEPOSIT; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; SCAVENGING (CHEMISTRY); SILICA; TIMESCALE;

ATLANTIC OCEAN; ATLANTIC OCEAN (NORTH);

EID: 84868542697     PISSN: 17520894     EISSN: 17520908     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1608     Document Type: Article

References (56)

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2. Lynch-Stieglitz, J. et al. Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum. Science 316, 66-69 (2007).
3. Marchal, O., Francois, R., Stocker, T. & Joos, F. Ocean thermohaline circulation and sedimentary 231Pa=230Th ratio. Paleoceanography 15, PA000496 (2000).
4. Yu, E., Francois, R. & Bacon, M. Similar rates of modern and last-glacial ocean thermohaline circulation inferred from radiochemical data. Nature 379, 689-694 (1996).
5. Keigwin, D. & Boyle, E. Did North Atlantic Overturning halt 17,000 years ago? Paleoceanography 23, PA1101 (2008).
6. Curry, W. & Oppo, D. Glacial water mass geometry and the distribution of -13C of CO2 in the western Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography 20, PA1017 (2005).
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8. Marchitto, T. & Broecker, W. Deep watermass geometry in the glacial Atlantic ocean: a review of constraints from the paleonutrient proxy Cd/Ca. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 7, Q12003 (2006).
9. Burke, A., Marchal, O., Bradtmiller, L., McManus, J. & François, R. Application of an inverse method to interpret 231Pa=230Th observations from marine sediments. Paleoceanography 26, PA1212 (2011).
10. Kitoh, A., Murakami, S. & Koide, H. A simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 2221-2224 (2001).
11. Hesse, T., Butzin, M., Bickert, T. & Lohmann, G. A model-data comparison of -13C in the glacial Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography 26, PA3220 (2011).
12. McManus, J., Francois, R., Gherardi, J., Keigwin, L. & Brown-Leger, S. Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate change. Nature 428, 834-837 (2004).
13. Gherardi, J. et al. Glacial-interglacial circulation changes inferred from 231Pa=230Th sedimentary record in the North Atlantic region. Paleoceanography 24, PA2204 (2009).
14. Anderson, R. et al. Wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2. Science 323, 1443-1448 (2009).
15. Bradtmiller, L., Anderson, R., Fleisher, M. & Burckle, L. Opal burial in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean over the last 30 kyr: Implications for glacial-interglacial changes in the ocean silicon cycle. Paleoceanography 22, PA4216 (2007).
16. Lippold, J. et al. Does sedimentary 231Pa=230Th from the Bermuda Rise monitor past Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation? Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L12601 (2009).
17. Hall, I. et al. Accelerated drawdown of meridional overturning in the late-glacial Atlantic triggered by transient pre-H event freshwater perturbation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L16616 (2006).
18. Guihou, A. et al. Late slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the Last Glacial Inception: New constraints from sedimentary (231Pa=230Th). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 289, 520-529 (2010).
19. Luo, Y., Francois, R. & Allen, S. Sediment 231Pa=230Th as a recorder of the rate of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Insights from a 2-D model. Ocean Sci. 6, 381-400 (2010).
20. Lippold, J., Gherardi, J. & Luo, Y. Testing the 231Pa=230Th paleocirculation proxy-A data versus 2D model comparison. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38, L20603 (2011).
21. Francois, R. Proxies in Late Cenozoic Paleoceanography: Paleoflux and Paleocirculation from Sediment 230Th and 231Pa=230Th Ch. 16 (Elsevier, 2007).
22. Gherardi, J. et al. Reply to comment by S. Peacock on glacial-interglacial circulation changes inferred from 231Pa=230Th sedimentary record in the North Atlantic region. Paleoceanography 25, PA2207 (2010).
23. Lippold, J., Mulitza, S., Mollenhauer, G., Weyer, S. & Christl, M. Boundary scavenging at the east Atlantic margin does not negate use of Pa/Th to trace Atlantic overturning. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 333-334, 317-331 (2012).
24. Christl, M. et al. 231Pa=230Th: A proxy for upwelling off the coast of West Africa. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 268, 1159-1162 (2009).
25. Scholten, J. et al. Advection and Scavenging: Effect on 230Th and 230Pa distribution off Southwest-Africa. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 271, 159-169 (2008).
26. Anderson, B., Bacon, M. & Brewer, P. Removal of 230Th and 231Pa at ocean margins. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 66, 73-90 (1983).
27. Talley, L., Reid, J. & Robbins, P. Data-based meridional overturning streamfunctions for the global ocean. J. Clim. 16, 3213-3226 (2003).
28. Kwon, E. et al. North Atlantic ventilation of southern-sourced deep water in the glacial ocean. Paleoceanography 27, PA2208 (2012).
29. Rahmstorf, S. Ocean circulation and climate during the past 120,000 years. Nature 419, 207-214 (2002).
30. Lynch-Stieglitz, J. et al. Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the Last Glacial Maximum. Science 316, 66-69 (2007).
31. Marchal, O., Francois, R., Stocker, T. & Joos, F. Ocean thermohaline circulation and sedimentary 231Pa=230Th ratio. Paleoceanography 15, PA000496 (2000).
32. Yu, E., Francois, R. & Bacon, M. Similar rates of modern and last-glacial ocean thermohaline circulation inferred from radiochemical data. Nature 379, 689-694 (1996).
33. Keigwin, D. & Boyle, E. Did North Atlantic Overturning halt 17,000 years ago? Paleoceanography 23, PA1101 (2008).
34. Curry, W. & Oppo, D. Glacial water mass geometry and the distribution of -13C of CO2 in the western Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography 20, PA1017 (2005).
35. Boyle, E. & Keigwin, L. North Atlantic thermohaline circulation during the past 20,000 years linked to high-latitude surface temperature. Nature 330, 35-40 (1987).
36. Marchitto, T. & Broecker, W. Deep watermass geometry in the glacial Atlantic ocean: a review of constraints from the paleonutrient proxy Cd/Ca. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 7, Q12003 (2006).
37. Burke, A., Marchal, O., Bradtmiller, L., McManus, J. & François, R. Application of an inverse method to interpret 231Pa=230Th observations from marine sediments. Paleoceanography 26, PA1212 (2011).
38. Kitoh, A., Murakami, S. & Koide, H. A simulation of the Last Glacial Maximum with a coupled atmosphere-ocean GCM. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 2221-2224 (2001).
39. Hesse, T., Butzin, M., Bickert, T. & Lohmann, G. A model-data comparison of -13C in the glacial Atlantic Ocean. Paleoceanography 26, PA3220 (2011).
40. McManus, J., Francois, R., Gherardi, J., Keigwin, L. & Brown-Leger, S. Collapse and rapid resumption of Atlantic meridional circulation linked to deglacial climate change. Nature 428, 834-837 (2004).
41. Gherardi, J. et al. Glacial-interglacial circulation changes inferred from 231Pa=230Th sedimentary record in the North Atlantic region. Paleoceanography 24, PA2204 (2009).
42. Anderson, R. et al. Wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2. Science 323, 1443-1448 (2009).
43. Bradtmiller, L., Anderson, R., Fleisher, M. & Burckle, L. Opal burial in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean over the last 30 kyr: Implications for glacial-interglacial changes in the ocean silicon cycle. Paleoceanography 22, PA4216 (2007).
44. Lippold, J. et al. Does sedimentary 231Pa=230Th from the Bermuda Rise monitor past Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation? Geophys. Res. Lett. 36, L12601 (2009).
45. Hall, I. et al. Accelerated drawdown of meridional overturning in the late-glacial Atlantic triggered by transient pre-H event freshwater perturbation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L16616 (2006).
46. Guihou, A. et al. Late slowdown of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation during the Last Glacial Inception: New constraints from sedimentary (231Pa=230Th). Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 289, 520-529 (2010).
47. Luo, Y., Francois, R. & Allen, S. Sediment 231Pa=230Th as a recorder of the rate of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Insights from a 2-D model. Ocean Sci. 6, 381-400 (2010).
48. Lippold, J., Gherardi, J. & Luo, Y. Testing the 231Pa=230Th paleocirculation proxy-A data versus 2D model comparison. Geophys. Res. Lett. 38, L20603 (2011).
49. Francois, R. Proxies in Late Cenozoic Paleoceanography: Paleoflux and Paleocirculation from Sediment 230Th and 231Pa=230Th Ch. 16 (Elsevier, 2007).
50. Gherardi, J. et al. Reply to comment by S. Peacock on glacial-interglacial circulation changes inferred from 231Pa=230Th sedimentary record in the North Atlantic region. Paleoceanography 25, PA2207 (2010).
51. Lippold, J., Mulitza, S., Mollenhauer, G., Weyer, S. & Christl, M. Boundary scavenging at the east Atlantic margin does not negate use of Pa/Th to trace Atlantic overturning. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 333-334, 317-331 (2012).
52. Christl, M. et al. 231Pa=230Th: A proxy for upwelling off the coast of West Africa. Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 268, 1159-1162 (2009).
53. Scholten, J. et al. Advection and Scavenging: Effect on 230Th and 230Pa distribution off Southwest-Africa. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 271, 159-169 (2008).
54. Anderson, B., Bacon, M. & Brewer, P. Removal of 230Th and 231Pa at ocean margins. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 66, 73-90 (1983).
55. Talley, L., Reid, J. & Robbins, P. Data-based meridional overturning streamfunctions for the global ocean. J. Clim. 16, 3213-3226 (2003).
56. Kwon, E. et al. North Atlantic ventilation of southern-sourced deep water in the glacial ocean. Paleoceanography 27, PA2208 (2012).