Incidence and clinical variables associated with streptococcal throat infections: A prospective diagnostic cohort study

British Journal of General Practice

Volumn 62, Issue 604, 2012, Pages

  Little, Paul ^a   Hobbs, F D Richard ^b   Mant, David ^b   McNulty, Cliodna A M ^c   Mullee, Mark ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c GLOUCESTERSHIRE ROYAL HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Pharyngitis; Primary care; Streptococcus; Tonsillitis

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; COMMON COLD; COUGHING; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; INCIDENCE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MYALGIA; PHARYNGITIS; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; SORE THROAT; STREPTOCOCCUS GROUP A; STREPTOCOCCUS GROUP C; STREPTOCOCCUS GROUP D; STREPTOCOCCUS GROUP G; STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTION; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; THROAT CULTURE;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; CHILD; COHORT STUDIES; DRUG RESISTANCE, BACTERIAL; FEMALE; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; PATIENT SELECTION; PHARYNGITIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONS; STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES;

EID: 84868149479     PISSN: 09601643     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3399/bjgp12X658322     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Spinks A, Glaziou P, Del Mar C. Antibiotics for sore throat. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2006; (4): CD000023.
2. Cooper R, Hoffman J, Bartlett J., et al Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134(6): 509-517. (Pubitemid 32225955)
3. Tiemstra J, Miranda R. Role of non-group a streptococci in acute pharyngitis. J Am Board Fam Med 2009; 22(6): 663-669.
4. NICE guideline development group. Prescribing of antibiotics for self-limiting respiratory tract infections in adults and children in primary care. London: NICE, 2008. http://www.nice.org.uk/Guidance/CG69 (accessed 20 Sep 2012).
5. Del Mar C. Managing sore throat: a literature review I: Making the diagnosis. Med J Austr 1992; 156(8): 572-575.
6. Dagnelie C, Bartelink M, Van Der Graaf Y, et al. Towards better diagnosis of throat infections with GABHS in general practice. Br J Gen Pract 1998; 48(427): 959-962.
7. Dobbs F. A scoring system for predicting Group A streptococcal throat infection. Br J Gen Pract 1996; 46(409): 461-464. (Pubitemid 26280152)
8. McIsaac W, Kellner J, Aufricht P., et al Empirical Validation of Guidelines for the Management of Pharyngitis in Children and Adults. JAMA 2004; 291(13): 1587-1595. (Pubitemid 38552431)
9. Cooper RJ, Hoffman JR, Bartlett J.G., et al Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults: background. Ann Emerg Med 2001;37: 711-719. http://pages.medicine.ucsf.edu/impaact/images/ principlespharyngitisaem.pdf (accessed 16 Oct 2012) (Pubitemid 32521694)
10. Vincent M, Celestin N, Hussain A. Pharyngitis. Am Fam Phys 2004; 69(6): 1465-1470. (Pubitemid 38380767)
11. Lindbaek M, Hoiby E, Steinsholt I., Hjortdahl P. Clinical symptoms and signs in sore throat patients with large colony variant ß-haemolytic streptococci groups C or G versus group A. Br J Gen Pract 2005; 55(517): 615-619. (Pubitemid 41149830)
12. Llor C, Madurell J, Balague-Corbella M, et al Impact on antibiotic prescription of rapid antigen detection testing in acute pharyngitis in adults: a randomised clinical trial. Br J Gen Pract 2011; 61(586): e244-e251.
13. Worrall G, Hutchinson J, Sherman G., Griffiths J. Diagnosing streptococcal sore throat in adults a randomized controlled trial of in-office aids. Can Fam Physician 2007; 53(4): 666-671. (Pubitemid 46651001)
14. Efstratiou A. Pyogenic streptococci of Lancefiled groups C and G as pathogens in man. Soc Appl Bacteriol Symp Ser 1997; 26: 72S-79S.
15. Health Protection Agency. Health protection report: streptococcal bacteraemias. HPA Weekly Report 2011; 46(2012/02): 1-23.
16. Meier C, Centor RM, Graham L Jr, Dalton HP Clinical and microbiological evidence for endemic pharyngitis among adults due to group C streptococci. Arch Intern Med 1990; 150(4): 825-829. (Pubitemid 20122059)
17. Little PS, Gould C, Williamson I., et al Reattendance and complications in a randomised trial of prescribing strategies for sore throat: the medicalising effect of prescribing antibiotics. BMJ 1997; 315(7104): 350-352. (Pubitemid 27332007)
18. Centor RM, Witherspoon JM, Dalton H.P., et al The diagnosis of strep throat in the emergency room. Med Decis Making 1981; 1(3): 239-246. (Pubitemid 12129428)
19. Breese BB. A simple scorecard for the tentative diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis. Am J Dis Child 1977; 131(5): 514-517. (Pubitemid 8107897)
20. Dunn N, Lane D, Everitt H., Little P. Use of antibiotics for sore throat and incidence of quinsy. Br J Gen Pract 2007; 57(534): 45-49. (Pubitemid 46070810)
21. Rogers M. A viable alternative to the glass/mercury thermometer. Paed Nurs 1992; 4(9): 53-55.
22. The Standards Unit. Health Protection Agency. UK standards for microbiology investigations. Investigation of throat swabs. London: HPA, 2012. http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb-C/1317132856329 (accessed 16 Oct 2012).
23. The Standards Unit. Health Protection Agency. UK standards for microbiology investigations. Identification of Streptococcus species, Entrococcus species and morphologically similar organisms. London: HPA, 2012. http://www.hpa.org.uk/webc/HPAwebFile/HPAweb-C/1313155001427 (accessed 16 Oct 2012).
24. British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. BSAC Methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Version 11.1 May 2012. http://bsac.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/Version-11.1-2012-Final-.pdf (accessed 16 Oct 2012).
25. Dean L, Perry K. Group A streptococcus rapid antigen detection kits - a review of the evaluation literature, 04123 edn. London: DOH, 2005.
26. HMSO, OPCS. Morbidity statistics from general practice: Fourth National study 1991. 1 edn. London: HMSO, 1994.
27. Petersen I, Johnson A, Islam A., et al Protective effect of antibiotics against serious complications of common respiratory tract infections: retrospective cohort study with the UK General Practice Research Database. BMJ 2007; 335(7627): 982.
28. Little PS, Williamson I, Warner G., et al An open randomised trial of prescribing strategies for sore throat. BMJ 1997; 314(7082): 722-727. (Pubitemid 27113078)
29. McIsaac W, Goel V, To T., Low D. The validity of a sore throat score in family practice. CMAJ 2000; 163(7): 811-815.
30. Zwart S, Sachs A, Ruijs G., et al Penicillin for acute sore throat: randomised double blind trial of seven days versus three days treatment or placebo in adults. BMJ 2000; 320(7228): 150-154. (Pubitemid 30179365)
31. Snow V, Mottur-Pilson C, Cooper R., Hoffman J. Principles of appropriate antibiotic use for acute pharyngitis in adults. Ann Intern Med 2001; 134(6): 506-508. (Pubitemid 32225954)