Closing in on the light at wipo: Movement towards a copyright treaty for visually impaired persons and intellectual property movements

University of Pennsylvania Journal of International Economic Law

Volumn 33, Issue 4, 2012, Pages 1035-1074

  Williams, Sean ^a  

^a NONE

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[No Author keywords available]

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EID: 84867978049     PISSN: 10867872     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. See Amy Kapczynski, Access to Knowledge: A Conceptual Genealogy, in ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE IN THE AGE OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY 17, 17 (Gaëlle Krikorian & Amy Kapczynski eds., 2010)
2. See INT'L FED'N OF LIBRARY ASS'NS & INSTS. (IFLA) Limitations and Exceptions to Copyright and Neighbouring Rights in the Digital Environment: An International Library Perspective, 3 (Revised ed. 2004), available at http://www.ifla.org/files/ clm/position-papers/ilp.pdf, which states
3. World Health Organization [WHO], Prevention of Avoidable Blindness and Visual Impairment, Rep. by the Secretariat to the World Health Assembly, 62d sess, May 18-22, 2009, Annex, ¶ 1, WHO Doc. A62/7 (Apr. 2, 2009) [hereinafter WHO VIP Report], available at http://apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf- files/A62/A62-7-en.pdf.
4. See World POPClock Projection, U.S. CENSUS BUREAU, http://www.census.gov/ population/popclockworld.html (last visited Apr. 7, 2012).
5. World Intellectual Prop. Org. [WIPO], Study on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions for the Visually Impaired, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 15th sess, Sept. 11-13, 2006, WIPO Doc. SCCR/15/7 (Feb. 20, 2007)
6. [hereinafter WIPO Study on Copyright Limitations and Exceptions for the Visually Impaired], available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/ sccr-15/sccr-15-7.pdf.
7. Denise Nicholson, Copyright vs. the Right to Read, AFR. COPYRIGHT & ACCESS TO KNOWLEDGE PROJECT (ACA2K) BLOG (May 27, 2010, 9:13 AM), http://www.aca2k.org/index.php?option=com-idoblog&task=viewpost&id= 27&Itemid=73&lang=en.
8. The Berne Convention has been signed by 165 countries. Contracting Parties, WORLD INTELL. PROP. ORG., http://www.wipo.int/treaties/en/ShowResults. jsp?treaty-id=15 (last visited Apr. 7, 2012).
9. See also Sam Ricketson, International Conventions and Treaties, in THE BOUNDARIES OF COPYRIGHT: ITS PROPER LIMITATIONS AND EXCEPTIONS 2, 6 (Libby Baulch et al. eds., 1998) (laying out the guiding principles of the Berne Convention).
10. See e.g., Alan Story, Burn Berne: Why the Leading International Copyright Convention Must be Repealed, 40 HOUS. L. REV. 763, 789 (2004)
11. P. Bernt Hugenholtz & Ruth L. Okediji, Contours of an International Instrument on Limitations and Exceptions, in THE DEVELOPMENT AGENDA: GLOBAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES 473, 482 (Neil Weinstock Netanel ed., 2009).
12. See Copyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code, U.S. COPYRIGHT OFF., http://www.copyright.gov/title17/92appii.html (last visited Apr. 7, 2012).
13. Peter K. Yu, A Tale of Two Development Agendas, 35 OHIO N.U. L. REV. 465, 476 (2009).
14. Salah Basalamah, Compulsory Licensing for Translation: An Instrument of Development?, 40 IDEA 503, 507 (2007).
15. See also Module 2: The International Framework, BERKMAN CTR. FOR INTERNET & SOC'Y & ELECTRONIC INFO. FOR LIBRARIES, http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/ copyrightforlibrarians/Module-2:-The-International-Framework#Berne-Convention
16. Abdulqawi A. Yusuf, TRIPS: Background, Principles and General Provisions, in INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY AND INTERNATIONAL TRADE: THE TRIPS AGREEMENT 3, 11 (Carlos M. Correa & Abdulqawi A. Yusuf eds., 2d ed. 2008).
17. http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~fussell/courses/econtech/public-final-papers/ Peter-Magic-International-IP-Rights.pdf.
18. see also Beatrice Lindstrom, Note, Scaling Back TRIPS-Plus: An Analysis of Intellectual Property Provisions in Trade Agreements and Implications for Asia and the Pacific, 42 N.Y.U. J. INT'L L. & POL. 917, 918-19 (2010)
19. See, e.g., Pedro Paranaguá, Strategies to Implement the Development Agenda: A Brazilian Perspective, in IMPLEMENTING THE WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ORGANIZATION'S DEVELOPMENT AGENDA 140 (Jeremy de Beer ed., 2009)
20. See Amy Kapczynski, The Access to Knowledge Mobilization and the New Politics of Intellectual Property, 117 YALE L.J. 804, 824 (2008)
21. http://www.wipo.int/export/sites/www/treaties/en/agreement/pdf/ un-wip-agreement.pdf.
22. http://www.rand.org/pubs/technical-reports/2010/RAND-TR804.pdf
23. Lea Shaver, Defining and Measuring Access to Knowledge: Towards an A2K Index 4 (Yale Law Sch. Legal Scholarship Repository, Faculty Scholarship Series Paper 22, 2007), available at http://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/fss-papers/22
24. See William New, Experts Debate Access to Knowledge, INTELL. PROP. WATCH (Feb. 15, 2005, 10:24 PM), http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/2005/02/15/ experts-debate-access-to-knowledge/?res=1280-ff&print=0
25. See generally Henning Grosse Ruse-Khan, Time for a Paradigm Shift? Exploring Maximum Standards in International Intellectual Property Protection, 1 TRADE L. & DEV. 56 (2009)
26. Access to Knowledge: Overview, CONSUMER PROJECT ON TECH., http://www.cptech.org/a2k/ (last visited Mar. 25, 2012).
27. Draft Treaty on Access to Knowledge, CONSUMER PROJECT ON TECH. (May 9, 2005) [hereinafter Draft A2K Treaty], available at http://www.cptech.org/a2k/ a2k-treaty-may9.pdf.
28. See generally Decision of the 2007 General Assembly, WORLD INTELL. PROP. ORG., http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/wo-ga/wo-ga-34-summary.html (last visited Apr. 9, 2012)
29. WIPO, Proposal by Argentina and Brazil for the Establishment of a Development Agenda for WIPO, Gen. Assembly, 31st (15th Extraordinary) sess, Sept. 27-Oct. 5, 2004, WIPO Doc. WO/GA/31/11 (Aug. 27, 2004), available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/govbody/en/wo-ga-31/wo-ga-31-11.pdf.
30. See The 45 Adopted Recommendations Under the WIPO Development Agenda, WORLD INTELL. PROP. ORG., http://www.wipo.int/ip-development/en/agenda/ recommendations.html (last visited Apr. 9, 2012)
31. See generally David Mann, WIPO-Advancing Access to Information for Print Disabled People, Meeting Paper of 67th IFLA Council and General Conference (Aug. 2001), available at http://keionline.org/sites/default/files/david-manon-wipo. pdf
32. http://www.worldblindunion.org/ en/our-work/position-statements/ Documents/wbu%20ifla%20lbs%20and% 20daisy%20Joint%20Policy%20Position.doc.
33. WIPO, Automated Rights Management Systems and Copyright Limitations and Exceptions, at 33, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 14th sess, May 1-5, 2006, WIPO Doc. SCCR/14/5 (Apr. 27, 2006) (prepared by Nic Garnett), available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr-14/sccr-14-5.pdf.
34. See WIPO, Proposal by Chile on the Analysis of Exceptions and Limitations, Annex, at 1, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 13th sess, Nov. 21-23, 2005, WIPO Doc. SCCR/13/5 (Nov. 22, 2005) (emphasis added), available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr-13/sccr-13-5.pdf.
35. WIPO, Proposal by Brazil, Ecuador and Paraguay, Relating to Limitations and Exceptions: Treaty Proposed by the World Blind Union (WBU), 18th sess, May 25-29, 2009, WIPO Doc. SCCR/18/5 (May 25, 2009) [hereinafter Latin American VIP Treaty], available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr-18/sccr- 18-5.pdf.
36. WIPO, Draft WIPO Treaty on Exceptions and Limitations for the Disabled, Educational and Research Institutions, Libraries and Archive Centers, Proposal by the African Group, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 20th sess, June 21-24, 2010, WIPO Doc. SCCR/20/11 (June 15, 2010), [hereinafter Africa VIP Treaty], available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr-20/sccr- 20-11.pdf.
37. WIPO, Draft Joint Recommendation Concerning the Improved Access to Works Protected by Copyright for Persons with a Print Disability, Proposal by the Delegation of the European Union, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 20th sess, June 21-24, 2010, WIPO Doc. SCCR/20/12 (June 17, 2010) [hereinafter EU VIP Treaty], available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr- 20/sccr-20-12.pdf.
38. WIPO, Draft Consensus Instrument, Proposal by the Delegation of the United States of America, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 20th sess, June 21-24, 2010, WIPO Doc. SCCR/20/10 (June 10, 2010) [hereinafter U.S. VIP Treaty], available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/copyright/en/sccr-20/ sccr-20-10.pdf.
39. See WIPO, Proposal on an International Instrument on Limitations and Exceptions for Persons with Print Disabilities, Proposal by Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, the European Union and its Member States, Mexico, Norway, Paraguay, the Russian Federation, the United States of America, and Uruguay, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights 22d sess, June 15-24, 2011, WIPO Doc. SCCR/22/15 Rev. 1 (June 22, 2011) [hereinafter 2011 Combined VIP Treaty Proposal], available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/ copyright/en/sccr-22/sccr-22-15-rev.pdf.
40. see WIPO, Proposal on an International Instrument on Limitations and Exceptions for Persons with Print Disabilities, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 22d sess, June 15-24, 2011, WIPO Doc. SCCR/22/16 Prov. (June 23, 2011), available at http://www.ip-watch.org/ weblog/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/ SCCR-22-16-Prov.-June-2011.pdf;
41. WIPO, Working Document on an International Instrument on Limitations and Exceptions for Persons with Print Disabilities, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 23d sess, Nov. 21-25, Nov. 28, Nov. 29, & Dec. 2, 2011, WIPO Doc. SCCR/23/7 Prov. (Dec. 1, 2011), available at http://keionline.org/sites/ default/files/Working-document-VIP-Final-Prov[1].doc.
42. See Catherine Saez, Common Text Emerges on Copyright Exceptions for the Blind, INTELL. PROP. WATCH (June 17, 2011, 5:29 PM), http://www.ipwatch.org/ weblog/2011/06/17/common-text-emerges-on-copyright-exceptions-for-the-blind/
43. See generally WIPO, Draft WIPO Treaty on Exceptions and Limitations for the Persons with Disabilities, Educational and Research Institutions, Libraries and Archives, Proposal by the African Group, Standing Comm. Copyright & Related Rights, 22d sess, June 15-24, 2011, WIPO Doc. SCCR/22/12 (June 3, 2011), available at http://www.wipo.int/edocs/ mdocs/copyright/en/sccr-22/sccr-22-12. pdf.
44. See Catherine Saez, WIPO Members Advance Draft Texts on Copyright Exceptions, AV Protection, INTELL. PROP. WATCH (June 23, 2011, 9:39 PM), http://www.ip-watch.org/weblog/2011/06/23/wipo-members-advance-draft-texts-on- copyright-exceptions-av-protection.
45. http://www.copyright.gov/docs/sccr/comments/2009/comments-2/ steven-j-metalitz-aap-ifta-mpaa-nmpa-riaa.pdf
46. http://www.copyright.gov/docs/sccr/comments/2009/reply-2/ 23-gwen-hynze-and-janice-pilch.pdf.
47. Fritz E. Attaway, Comments of Motion Picture Association of America 4 (Nov. 13, 2009) [hereinafter MPAA Comment], available at http://www.copyright. gov/docs/sccr/comments/2009/comments-2/fritz-attaway-mpaa.pdf.
48. See Visually Impaired Persons (VIPs), INT'L PUBLISHERS ASS'N, http://www.internationalpublishers.org/index.php/-industry-policy/ visually-impaired-persons (last visited Apr. 11, 2011)
49. Braille Technology, AM. FOUND. FOR BLIND, http://www.afb.org/Section.asp? SectionID=4&TopicID=31&DocumentID=1282.
50. http://www.copyright.gov/docs/sccr/comments/2009/comments-2/ jule-sigall-microsoft-corporation.pdf.
51. See, e.g., Tim Challies, 5 Reasons Books are Better than E-Books, CHALLIES.COM (Aug. 17, 2010), http://www.challies.com/articles/5-reasons-books- are-better-than-e-books
52. Anne Mangen, Hypertext Fiction Reading: Haptics and Immersion, 31 J. RES. READING 404, 406-07 (2008)
53. Listening Isn't Reading-Why Braille is Still Necessary, OPEN SALON, BIBLIO FILES BLOG, http://open.salon.com/blog/the-biblio-files/2010/02/02/ listening-isnt-reading-why-braille-is-still-necessary
54. See, e.g., Why Are Books Always Better Than the Movie Versions?, WISEGEEK, http://www.wisegeek.com/why-are-books-always-better-than-the-movie- versions.htm (last visited Nov. 1, 2011)