The pivot and imperial defence policy

Global Geostrategy: Mackinder and the Defence of the West

Volumn , Issue , 2013, Pages 36-54

  Butlin, Robin A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84867825937     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.4324/9780203327821     Document Type: Chapter

References (43)

1. Mackinder, H. J., 'The Geographical Pivot of History,' Geographical Journal, xxiii, 4 (1904), pp. 421-37.
2. Stoddart, D. S., 'Geography and War: The "New Geography" and the "New Army" in England 1899-1914,' Political Geography, 11, 1 (1992), pp. 88-9.
3. Mackinder, 'Geographical Pivot,' p. 421.
4. Duthie, J. L., 'Sir Henry Rawlinson and the Art of Great Gamesmanship,' Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History, XI, 3 (1983), p. 256.
5. Pounds, N. J. G., Political Geography (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1963), p. 397.
6. Killingray, D. 'Imperial Defence,' in Winks, R. W. (ed.), Historiography. The Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume V (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 342.
7. Dilke, C. W. and Wilkinson, S., Imperial Defence (London: Macmillan, 1892), p. 41.
8. Wilkinson, S. discussion of Mackinder's 'Geographical Pivot' paper, Geographical Journal, xxiii, 4 (1904), p. 438.
9. Amery, L. discussion of Mackinder's 'Geographical Pivot' paper, Geographical Journal, xxiii, 4, (1904), pp. 439-40.
10. Parker, W. H., Mackinder: Geography as an Aid to Statecraft (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1982), pp. 161-2.
11. Kennedy, P. M., The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers (London: Fontana, 1989), p. 252.
12. Burroughs, P., 'Defence and Imperial Disunity,' in Porter, A. (ed.), Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume III (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 320.
13. O'Brien, P. P., 'The Titan Refreshed: Imperial Overstretch and the British Navy Before the First World War,' Past and Present, 172 (2001), p. 151.
14. Kennedy, P. M., Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, p. 293.
15. Lambert, A. D., 'The Royal Navy, 1856-1914: Deterrence and the Strategy of World Power,' in Neilson, K. and Errington, E. J. (eds), Navies and Global Defense: Theories and Strategy (Westport, CT: Praeger, 1995), pp. 69-73.
16. Lambert, A. D., 'The Shield of Empire,' in Hill, J. R. (ed.), The Oxford Illustrated History of the British Empire (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995), p. 194.
17. Pounds, Political Geography, p. 396.
18. Lambert, 'The Royal Navy, 1856-1914,' p. 72.
19. Gough, B. M., 'The Royal Navy and the British Empire,' in Winks, R. W. (ed.), Historiography. The Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume V (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 333.
20. Lambert, 'The Royal Navy, 1856-1914,' p. 73.
21. Killingray, 'Imperial Defence,' pp. 344-9.
22. Black, J., Welfare in the Western World 1882-1975 (Chesham: Acumen, 2002), p. 125.
23. Herrmann, D. G., The Arming of Europe and the First World War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996), pp. 8-9.
24. Sondhaus, L. G., Naval Warfare 1815-1914 (London: Routledge, 2001).
25. Stoddart, D. S., 'Geography and War,' p. 93.
26. Burroughs, 'Defence and Imperial Disunity,' p. 322.
27. Moore, R. J., 'Imperial India,' in Porter, A. (ed.), Oxford History of the British Empire, Volume III (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 427.
28. Herrmann, The Arming of Europe and the First World War, p. 32.
29. Boulanger, P., La Géographie militaire française (1871-1939), (Paris: Economica, 2002), p. 8.
30. Herrmann, The Arming of Europe and the First World War, p. 32.
31. Zirkel, K., 'Military Power in German Colonial Policy: the Schutztruppen and Their Leaders in East and South-West Africa,' in D. Killingray and D. Omissi (eds), Guardians of Empire: The Armed Forces of the Colonial Powers, c. 1700-1964 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999), p. 91.
32. Herrmann, The Arming of Europe and the First World War, p. 9.
33. Burroughs, 'Defence and Imperial Disunity,' p. 341.
34. Parker, W. H., An Historical Geography of Russia (London: University of London Press, 1968), pp. 274-5.
35. Fisher, C. A., 'The Changing Significance of the Commonwealth in the Political Geography of Great Britain,' Geography, 219, xlviii, pt 2, p. 121.
36. Parker, W. H. Mackinder: Geography as an Aid to Statecraft, p. 161.
37. Mackinder, H. J., 'Modern Geography, German and English,' Geographical Journal, 6 (1895), p. 375.
38. Kearns, G., 'Fin de Siècle geopolitics: Mackinder, Hobson, and Theories of Global Closure,' in P. J. Taylor (ed.), Political Geography of the Twentieth Century (London: Belhaven Press, 1993), pp. 9-30.
39. Agnew, J. Geopolitics: Re-visioning World Politics (London: Routledge, 1998), p. 26.
40. Ó Tuathail, G., 'Political Geographers of the Past VIII. Putting Mackinder in his Place. Material transformation and Myth,' Political Geography, 11, 1 (1992), p. 105.
41. Hugill, P. J., Global Communications Since 1844 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999).
42. Ó Tuathail, G., 'Putting Mackinder in his Place,' p. 105.
43. Blouet, B. W., Halford Mackinder: a Biography (College Station, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 1987), p. 141.