Accuracy of single progesterone test to predict early pregnancy outcome in women with pain or bleeding: Meta-analysis of cohort studies

BMJ (Online)

Volumn 345, Issue 7879, 2012, Pages

  Verhaegen, Jorine ^a   Gallos, Ioannis D ^b   Van Mello, Norah M ^b   Abdel Aziz, Mohamed ^b   Takwoingi, Yemisi ^b   Harb, Hoda ^b   Deeks, Jonathan J ^b   Mol, Ben W J ^a   Coomarasamy, Arri ^b  

^a ACADEMIC MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROGESTERONE;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ARTICLE; COHORT ANALYSIS; ECHOGRAPHY; ECTOPIC PREGNANCY; FEMALE; FETAL WELL BEING; HISTOPATHOLOGY; HORMONE DETERMINATION; HUMAN; LABORATORY TEST; META ANALYSIS; OBSTETRIC HEMORRHAGE; PREDICTION; PREGNANCY OUTCOME; PREGNANCY TEST; PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGESTERONE BLOOD LEVEL; PROGESTERONE TEST; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; SPONTANEOUS ABORTION; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; VAGINA BLEEDING;

ABDOMINAL PAIN; ABORTION, SPONTANEOUS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; COHORT STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; OBSTETRIC LABOR, PREMATURE; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PREGNANCY; PROGESTERONE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; UTERINE HEMORRHAGE;

EID: 84867707390     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17561833     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.e6077     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Everett C. Incidence and outcome of bleeding before the 20th week of pregnancy: prospective study from general practice. BMJ 1997;315:32-4. (Pubitemid 27271683)
2. Alberman E. Spontaneous abortion: epidemiology. In: Stabile S, Grudzinskas JG, Chard T, eds. Spontaneous abortion: diagnosis and treatment. Springer-Verlag, 1992:9-20.
3. Hospital Episode Statistics. NHS Maternity Statistics, England 2009-10. Figure 1: Total deliveries, miscarriages and ectopic pregnancies per 100 deliveries, 1997-98 to 2009-10 (available at www.hesonline.nhs.uk/Ease/servlet/ ContentServer?siteID=1937&categoryID=1804).
4. Shillito J, Walker JJ. Early pregnancy assessment units. Br J Hosp Med 1997;58:505-9.
5. Condous G, Okaro E, Bourne T. The conservative management of early pregnancy complications: a review of the literature. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2003;22:420-30. (Pubitemid 37289774)
6. Banerjee S, Aslam N, Zosmer N, Woelfer B, Jurkovic D. The expectant management of women with early pregnancy of unknown location. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999;14:231-6.
7. Kadar N, Caldwell BV, Romero R. A method of screening for ectopic pregnancy and its indications. Obstet Gynecol 1981;58:162-6. (Pubitemid 11093351)
8. Hinshaw K, Fayyad A, Munjuluri P. The management of early pregnancy loss. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2006. (Green-top guideline No 25.)
9. Mol BW, Lijmer JG, Ankum WM, van der Veen F, Bossuyt PM. The accuracy of single serum progesterone measurement in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy: a meta-analysis. Hum Reprod 1998;13:3220-7. (Pubitemid 28521878)
10. Whiting P, Rutjes AW, Reitsma JB, Bossuyt PM, Kleijnen J. The development of QUADAS: a tool for the quality assessment of studies of diagnostic accuracy included in systematic reviews. BMC Med Res Methodol 2003;3:25.
11. Macaskill P. Empirical Bayes estimates generated in a hierarchical summary ROC analysis agreed closely with those of a full Bayesian analysis. J Clin Epidemiol 2004;57:925-32. (Pubitemid 39422529)
12. Rutter CM, Gatsonis CA. A hierarchical regression approach to meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy evaluations. Stat Med 2001;20:2865-84. (Pubitemid 32923212)
13. Hamza TH, Arends LR, van Houwelingen HC, Stijnen T. Multivariate random effects meta-analysis of diagnostic tests with multiple thresholds. BMC Med Res Methodol 2009;10:73.
14. Kester AD, Buntinx F. Meta-analysis of ROC curves. Med Decis Making 2000;20:430-9.
15. Dukic V, Gatsonis C. Meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy assessment studies with varying number of thresholds. Biometrics 2003;59:936-46. (Pubitemid 38021222)
16. Buckley RG, King KJ, Disney JD, Riffenburgh RH, Gorman JD, Klausen JH. Serum progesterone testing to predict ectopic pregnancy in symptomatic first-trimester patients. Ann Emerg Med 2000;36:95-100. (Pubitemid 30667013)
17. Camejo MI, Proverbio F, Febres F, Casart YC. Bioactive to immunoreactive ratio of circulating human chorionic gonadotropin as possible evaluation for the prognosis of threatened abortion. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2003;109:181-4. (Pubitemid 36809129)
18. Choe JK, Check JH, Nowroozi K, Benveniste R, Barnea ER. Serum progesterone and 17-hydroxyprogesterone in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancies and the value of progesterone replacement in intrauterine pregnancies when serum progesterone levels are low. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1992;34:133-8.
19. Dart R, Dart L, Segal M, Page C, Brancato J. The ability of a single serum progesterone value to identify abnormal pregnancies in patients with beta-human chorionic gonadotropin values less than 1,000 mIU/mL. Acad Emerg Med 1998;5:304-9. (Pubitemid 28166638)
20. Gelder MS, Boots LR, Younger JB. Use of a single random serum progesterone value as a diagnostic aid for ectopic pregnancy. Fertil Steril 1991;55:497-500.
21. Grosskinsky CM, Hage ML, Tyrey L, Christakos AC, Hughes CL. hCG, progesterone, alpha-fetoprotein, and estradiol in the identification of ectopic pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 1993;81:705-9. (Pubitemid 23137239)
22. Hubinont CJ, Thomas C, Schwers JF. Luteal function in ectopic pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1987;156:669-74. (Pubitemid 17063449)
23. Kratzer PG, Taylor RN. Corpus luteum function in early pregnancies is primarily determined by the rate of change of human chorionic gonadotropin levels. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;163:1497-502.
24. McCord ML, Muram D, Buster JE, Arheart KL, Stovall TG, Carson SA. Single serum progesterone as a screen for ectopic pregnancy: exchanging specificity and sensitivity to obtain optimal test performance. Fertil Steril 1996;66:513-6. (Pubitemid 26315149)
25. Mesrogli M, Degenhardt F, Maas DH, Klaus I, Busche M, Schneider J. [Tubal pregnancies: early pregnancy factor, progesterone, beta-HCG and vaginal sonography as differential diagnostic parameters] [German]. Z Geburtshilfe Perinatol 1988;192:130-2.
26. O'Leary P, Nichols C, Feddema P, Lam T, Aitken M. Serum progesterone and human chorionic gonadotrophin measurements in the evaluation of ectopic pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 1996;36:319-23. (Pubitemid 26278534)
27. Perkins SL, Al-Ramahi M, Claman P. Comparison of serum progesterone as an indicator of pregnancy nonviability in spontaneously pregnant emergency room and infertility clinic patient populations. Fertil Steril 2000;73:499-504. (Pubitemid 30109644)
28. Peterson CM, Kreger D, Delgado P, Hung TT. Laboratory and clinical comparison of a rapid versus a classic progesterone radioimmunoassay for use in determining abnormal and ectopic pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1992;166:562-6.
29. Sauer MV, Sinosich MJ, Yeko TR, Vermesh M, Buster JE, Simon JA. Predictive value of a single serum pregnancy associated plasma protein-A or progesterone in the diagnosis of abnormal pregnancy. Hum Reprod 1989;4:331-4. (Pubitemid 19111159)
30. Takahashi K, Yamane Y, Kitao M. Prognostic value of serum CA 125 and serum progesterone in threatened abortion. J Obstet Gynaecol 1992;12:147-9.
31. Williams RS, Gaines IL, Fossum GT. Progesterone in diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. J Fla Med Assoc 1992;79:237-9.
32. Witt BR, Wolf GC, Wainwright CJ, Johnston PD, Thorneycroft IH. Relaxin, CA-125, progesterone, estradiol, Schwangerschaft protein, and human chorionic gonadotropin as predictors of outcome in threatened and nonthreatened pregnancies. Fertil Steril 1990;53:1029-36. (Pubitemid 20208968)
33. Yeko TR, Rodi IA, Gorrill MJ, Buster JE, Hughes LH, Sauer MV. Timely diagnosis of early ectopic pregnancy using a single blood progesterone measurement. Fertil Steril 1987;48:1048-50. (Pubitemid 18008217)
34. Banerjee S, Aslam N, Zosmer N, Woelfer B, Jurkovic D. The expectant management of women with early pregnancy of unknown location. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1999;14:231-6.
35. Dart R, Ramanujam P, Dart L. Progesterone as a predictor of ectopic pregnancy when the ultrasound is indeterminate. Am J Emerg Med 2002;20:575-9. (Pubitemid 35364808)
36. Day A, Sawyer E, Mavrelos D, Tailor A, Helmy S, Jurkovic D. Use of serum progesterone measurements to reduce need for follow-up in women with pregnancies of unknown location. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009;33:704-10.
37. El Bishry G, Ganta S. The role of single serum progesterone measurement in conjunction with beta hCG in the management of suspected ectopic pregnancy. J Obstet Gynaecol 2008;28:413-7. (Pubitemid 351950928)
38. Florio P, Severi FM, Bocchi C, Luisi S, Mazzini M, Danero S, et al. Single serum activin a testing to predict ectopic pregnancy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:1748-53. (Pubitemid 46997182)
39. Hahlin M, Sjoblom P, Lindblom B. Combined use of progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin determinations for differential diagnosis of very early pregnancy. Fertil Steril 1991;55:492-6.
40. Valley VT, Mateer JR, Aiman EJ, Thoma ME, Phelan MB. Serum progesterone and endovaginal sonography by emergency physicians in the evaluation of ectopic pregnancy. Acad Emerg Med 1998;5:309-13. (Pubitemid 28166639)
41. Mol BW, Hajenius PJ, Engelsbel S, Ankum WM, Hemrika DJ, Bossuyt PMM, et al. Are gestational age and endometrial thickness alternatives for serum hCG measurement in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy? Fertil Steril . 1999;72:643-5. (Pubitemid 29475122)
42. Bossuyt PM, Lijmer JG, Mol BW. Randomised comparisons of medical tests: sometimes invalid, not always efficient. Lancet 2000;356:1844-7.