The Agony and the Exidy: A History of Video Game Violence and the Legacy of Death Race

Game Studies

Volumn 12, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 4-

  Kocurek, Carly A ^a  

^a ILLINOIS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

Author keywords

Arcade; Exidy; History; Moral panic; Videogames; Violence

Indexed keywords

EID: 84867609380     PISSN: 16047982     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Atari. (1973). Gotcha. USA: Atari.
2. Atari. (1976). Cops 'N' Robbers. USA: Atari.
3. Atari. (1976). Crash 'N' Score. USA: Atari.
4. Atari. (1976). OUTLAW: Jetfighter. USA: Atari.
5. Atari. (1976). TANK 8. USA: Atari.
6. Bishop, W. (Producer), and Frost, L. (Director). (1971). Chain gang women. [Motion picture]. United States: Flaming Productions Ltd.
7. Blumenthal, R. (1976). "Death Race" game gains favor, but not with the safety council. New York Times. Retrieved September 22, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/
8. Brady Games. (2009). Guinness World Records 2009 Gamer's Edition. New York: Time Home Entertainment, Inc.
9. Brainard, K. (1983). Exidy: Ten years of EXcellence in DYnamics," RePlay, 9(10), 93-99;100-102.
10. Brown v. EMA, 564 U.S. (2011).
11. Bungie. (2010.) Halo: Reach. USA: Bungie.
12. Campbell, J. (2008). "Just less than total war: Simulating World War II as ludic nostalgia." In S. Whalen and L. N. Taylo, eds. Playing the Past: History and Nostalgia in Video Games pp. 183-200. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press.
13. Chicago Coin. (1976). Demolition derby. USA: Chicago Coin.
14. Corman, R. (Producer and Director). (1966). The wild angels. [Motion picture]. United States: American International Pictures.
15. Corman, R. (Producer and Director). (1976). The St. Valentine's Day massacre. [Motion picture]. United States: Los Altos Productions.
16. Corman, R. (Producer), and Bartel, P. (Director). (1975). Death race 2000. [Motion picture]. United States: New World Pictures.
17. Damiano, G. (Producer and Director). (1972). Deep throat. [Motion picture]. United States: Gerard Damiano Film Productions.
18. Damiano, G. (Producer and Director). (1973). The devil in Miss Jones. [Motion picture]. United States: Pierre Productions, Inc.
19. Death race 2000 (1975). (n.d.) Internet Movie Database. Retrieved on 21 September 2010. Retrieved from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0072856/
20. "Death Race from Exidy," (1976). RePlay. 2(4), 22.
21. D'Emilio, J., and Freedman, E.B. (1997). Intimate matters. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
22. Digital Games Incorporated. (1976). AIR COMBAT. United States: Digital Games Incorporated.
23. Ebert, R. (1975). Death Race 2000. Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved April 2010. Retrieved from http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19750427/REVIEWS/808259998
24. Electra. (1976). AVENGER. United States: Electra.
25. Exidy. (1975). Destruction derby. USA: Exidy.
26. Exidy. (1976). Death race. USA: Exidy.
27. Exidy. (1977). Super death chase. USA: Exidy.
28. Exidy, ed. (n.d.) Death Race Exidy service manual. Retrieved from http://www.arcade-museum.com/manuals-videogames/D/DeathRace.pdf
29. Exidy introduces: Death Race 98. (1976). RePlay, 2(3), 29.
30. Fun Games Inc. (1976). BiPlane. USA: Fun Games Inc.
31. Gamemaker sued over highway shootings. (2003). SFGate.com. Retrieved September 30, 2010. Retrieved from http://articles.sfgate.com/2003-10-23/business/17515225_1_sony-computer-entertainment-america-punitive-damages-state-custody
32. Gotcha. (n.d.) The killer list of video games. Retrieved 27 April 2011. Retrieved from http://www.arcade-museum.com/game_detail.php?game_id=7985
33. Greene, R. (Producer and Director). (2003). Schlock! The secret history of American movies [Motion picture]. United States: Pathfinder Home Entertainment.
34. Harvey, S. (1977). Postscript: Controversial "Death Race" game reaches "finish" line. The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 22, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/
35. Homer, R., and Lenzi, U. (Producers), and Margheriti, A. (Director). (1976). Death rage. [Motion picture]. Italy: Giovine.
36. Infinity Ward. (2009). Call of duty: Modern warfare 2. USA: Infinity Ward.
37. Jewinson, N. (Producer and Director.) (1975). Rollerball. [Motion picture]. United States: Algonquin.
38. Jones, D. (Producer and Director). (1973). Schoolgirls in chains. [Motion picture]. United States: Mirror Releasing.
39. Kent, S. L. (2002). The ultimate history of video games: The story behind the craze that touched our lives and changed the world. New York: Three Rivers Press.
40. "The Making of â€| Carmageddon," (2008). Edge Magazine. Retrieved September 30, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.next-gen.biz/features/the-making-of%E2%80%A6-carmageddon?page=0%2C0
41. Meadows. (1976). Bombs away. USA: Meadows.
42. Memoirs v. Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413 (1966)
43. Miller v. California, 413 U.S. 15 (1973)
44. Narcisse, E. (2011). "Games rated 'mature' are made less, bought more," Time Techland. Retrieved August 22, 2011. Retrieved from http://techland.time.com/2011/03/21/games-rated-mature-are-made-less-bought-more/
45. New! Death Race by Exidy. (1976). RePlay, 2(5), 9.
46. Poole, S. (2002). Trigger happy. New York: Arcade Publishing.
47. Thomas, K. (1975). Movie review: Barbarism in big brother era. Review of Death Race 2000. The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 22, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/
48. Ramao, T. (2003). Engines of transformation: An analytical history of the 1970s car chase cycle," New Review of Film and Television Studies, 1.1, p. 45.
49. Replay Route Analysis. (1975) RePlay, 1(1), 38.
50. Rockstar Games. (1997). Grand Theft Auto. USA: Rockstar Games.
51. Rockstar Games. (2001). Grand Theft Auto III. USA: Rockstar Games.
52. Rockstar Games. (2010). Red dead redemption. USA: Rockstar Games.
53. Stainless Games. (1997). Carmageddon. USA: Stainless Games.
54. STEP ASIDE! (1976). RePlay, 2(4), 15.
55. "Suit: video game sparked police shootings." (2005). ABC News. Retrieved September 30, 2010. Retrieved from http://web.archive.org/web/20050307095559/http://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory?id=502424
56. Treyarch. (2010). Call of duty: Black ops. USA: Treyarch.
57. Ubisoft. (2010). Assassin's creed: Brotherhood. Montreal: Ubisoft.
58. Van Gelder, L. (1975). The acreen: "Death Race 2000" is short on satire. The New York Times. Retrieved September 20, 2010. Retrieved from http://www.proquest.com.ezproxy.lib.utexas.edu/ (accessed September 20, 2010).
59. Wong, C.H. (Producer), and Wang, Y. (Director). (1976). Master of the flying guillotine. [Motion picture]. Hong Kong: First Film Organisation Ltd.Â