메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 93, Issue PART 11, 2012, Pages 2387-2398

Genomic analysis of 16 Colorado human NL63 coronaviruses identifies a new genotype, high sequence diversity in the N-terminal domain of the spike gene and evidence of recombination

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMINO TERMINAL SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CORONAVIRUS; FEMALE; GENE SEQUENCE; GENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOTYPE; HUMAN; MALE; NONHUMAN; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; UNITED STATES; VIRUS ISOLATION; VIRUS STRAIN;

EID: 84867518397     PISSN: 00221317     EISSN: 14652099     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.044628-0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (26)

References (66)
  • 3
    • 12944327830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia
    • Arden, K. E., Nissen, M. D., Sloots, T. P. & Mackay, I. M. (2005). New human coronavirus, HCoV-NL63, associated with severe lower respiratory tract disease in Australia. J Med Virol 75, 455-462.
    • (2005) J Med Virol , vol.75 , pp. 455-462
    • Arden, K.E.1    Nissen, M.D.2    Sloots, T.P.3    McKay, I.M.4
  • 4
    • 59749097456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human airway epithelial cell culture to identify new respiratory viruses: Coronavirus NL63 as a model
    • Banach, B. S., Orenstein, J. M., Fox, L. M., Randell, S. H., Rowley, A. H. & Baker, S. C. (2009). Human airway epithelial cell culture to identify new respiratory viruses: coronavirus NL63 as a model. J Virol Methods 156, 19-26.
    • (2009) J Virol Methods , vol.156 , pp. 19-26
    • Banach, B.S.1    Orenstein, J.M.2    Fox, L.M.3    Randell, S.H.4    Rowley, A.H.5    Baker, S.C.6
  • 6
    • 24744471840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human coronavirus NL-63 infections in children: A 1-year study
    • Bastien, N., Robinson, J. L., Tse, A., Lee, B. E., Hart, L. & Li, Y. (2005b). Human coronavirus NL-63 infections in children: a 1-year study. J Clin Microbiol 43, 4567-4573.
    • (2005) J Clin Microbiol , vol.43 , pp. 4567-4573
    • Bastien, N.1    Robinson, J.L.2    Tse, A.3    Lee, B.E.4    Hart, L.5    Li, Y.6
  • 7
    • 20444365774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong, China
    • Chiu, S. S., Chan, K. H., Chu, K. W., Kwan, S. W., Guan, Y., Poon, L. L. & Peiris, J. S. (2005). Human coronavirus NL63 infection and other coronavirus infections in children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease in Hong Kong, China. Clin Infect Dis 40, 1721-1729.
    • (2005) Clin Infect Dis , vol.40 , pp. 1721-1729
    • Chiu, S.S.1    Chan, K.H.2    Chu, K.W.3    Kwan, S.W.4    Guan, Y.5    Poon, L.L.6    Peiris, J.S.7
  • 8
    • 38449087483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human coronavirus infections in rural Thailand: A comprehensive study using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays
    • Dare, R. K., Fry, A. M., Chittaganpitch, M., Sawanpanyalert, P., Olsen, S. J. & Erdman, D. D. (2007). Human coronavirus infections in rural Thailand: a comprehensive study using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays. J Infect Dis 196, 1321-1328.
    • (2007) J Infect Dis , vol.196 , pp. 1321-1328
    • Dare, R.K.1    Fry, A.M.2    Chittaganpitch, M.3    Sawanpanyalert, P.4    Olsen, S.J.5    Erdman, D.D.6
  • 11
    • 34848859523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of group 1 coronaviruses in bats in North America
    • Dominguez, S. R., O'Shea, T. J., Oko, L. M. & Holmes, K. V. (2007). Detection of group 1 coronaviruses in bats in North America. Emerg Infect Dis 13, 1295-1300.
    • (2007) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 1295-1300
    • Dominguez, S.R.1    O'Shea, T.J.2    Oko, L.M.3    Holmes, K.V.4
  • 12
    • 50849086724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiplex MassTag-PCR for respiratory pathogens in pediatric nasopharyngeal washes negative by conventional diagnostic testing shows a high prevalence of viruses belonging to a newly recognized rhinovirus clade
    • other authors
    • Dominguez, S. R., Briese, T., Palacios, G., Hui, J., Villari, J., Kapoor, V., Tokarz, R., Glodé, M. P., Anderson, M. S. & other authors (2008). Multiplex MassTag-PCR for respiratory pathogens in pediatric nasopharyngeal washes negative by conventional diagnostic testing shows a high prevalence of viruses belonging to a newly recognized rhinovirus clade. J Clin Virol 43, 219-222.
    • (2008) J Clin Virol , vol.43 , pp. 219-222
    • Dominguez, S.R.1    Briese, T.2    Palacios, G.3    Hui, J.4    Villari, J.5    Kapoor, V.6    Tokarz, R.7    Glodé, M.P.8    Anderson, M.S.9
  • 13
    • 68949161934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of four human coronaviruses in respiratory infections in children: A one-year study in Colorado
    • Dominguez, S. R., Robinson, C. C. & Holmes, K. V. (2009). Detection of four human coronaviruses in respiratory infections in children: a one-year study in Colorado. J Med Virol 81, 1597-1604.
    • (2009) J Med Virol , vol.81 , pp. 1597-1604
    • Dominguez, S.R.1    Robinson, C.C.2    Holmes, K.V.3
  • 15
    • 79955393818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure and functional relevance of a transcriptionregulating sequence involved in coronavirus discontinuous RNA synthesis
    • Dufour, D., Mateos-Gomez, P. A., Enjuanes, L., Gallego, J. & Sola, I. (2011). Structure and functional relevance of a transcriptionregulating sequence involved in coronavirus discontinuous RNA synthesis. J Virol 85, 4963-4973.
    • (2011) J Virol , vol.85 , pp. 4963-4973
    • Dufour, D.1    Mateos-Gomez, P.A.2    Enjuanes, L.3    Gallego, J.4    Sola, I.5
  • 16
    • 12944314895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of human coronavirus NL63 in young children with bronchiolitis
    • Ebihara, T., Endo, R., Ma, X., Ishiguro, N. & Kikuta, H. (2005). Detection of human coronavirus NL63 in young children with bronchiolitis. J Med Virol 75, 463-465.
    • (2005) J Med Virol , vol.75 , pp. 463-465
    • Ebihara, T.1    Endo, R.2    Ma, X.3    Ishiguro, N.4    Kikuta, H.5
  • 17
    • 3042666256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MUSCLE: Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput
    • Edgar, R. C. (2004). MUSCLE: Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Nucleic Acids Res 32, 1792-1797.
    • (2004) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.32 , pp. 1792-1797
    • Edgar, R.C.1
  • 18
    • 13444282434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of a novel human coronavirus that is associated with respiratory tract disease in infants and young children
    • Esper, F., Weibel, C., Ferguson, D., Landry, M. L. & Kahn, J. S. (2005). Evidence of a novel human coronavirus that is associated with respiratory tract disease in infants and young children. J Infect Dis 191, 492-498.
    • (2005) J Infect Dis , vol.191 , pp. 492-498
    • Esper, F.1    Weibel, C.2    Ferguson, D.3    Landry, M.L.4    Kahn, J.S.5
  • 19
    • 0000122573 scopus 로고
    • PHYLIP-Phylogeny Inference Package (version 3.2)
    • Felsenstein, J. (1989). PHYLIP-Phylogeny Inference Package (version 3.2). Cladistics 5, 164-166.
    • (1989) Cladistics , vol.5 , pp. 164-166
    • Felsenstein, J.1
  • 21
    • 77955451060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method
    • Gaunt, E. R., Hardie, A., Claas, E. C., Simmonds, P. & Templeton, K. E. (2010). Epidemiology and clinical presentations of the four human coronaviruses 229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43 detected over 3 years using a novel multiplex real-time PCR method. J Clin Microbiol 48, 2940-2947.
    • (2010) J Clin Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 2940-2947
    • Gaunt, E.R.1    Hardie, A.2    Claas, E.C.3    Simmonds, P.4    Templeton, K.E.5
  • 24
    • 0031958109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feline coronavirus type II strains 79-1683 and 79-1146 originate from a double recombination between feline coronavirus type I and canine coronavirus
    • Herrewegh, A. A., Smeenk, I., Horzinek, M. C., Rottier, P. J. & de Groot, R. J. (1998). Feline coronavirus type II strains 79-1683 and 79-1146 originate from a double recombination between feline coronavirus type I and canine coronavirus. J Virol 72, 4508-4514.
    • (1998) J Virol , vol.72 , pp. 4508-4514
    • Herrewegh, A.A.1    Smeenk, I.2    Horzinek, M.C.3    Rottier, P.J.4    de Groot, R.J.5
  • 25
    • 33748648372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly conserved regions within the spike proteins of human coronaviruses 229E and NL63 determine recognition of their respective cellular receptors
    • other authors
    • Hofmann, H., Simmons, G., Rennekamp, A. J., Chaipan, C., Gramberg, T., Heck, E., Geier, M., Wegele, A., Marzi, A. & other authors (2006). Highly conserved regions within the spike proteins of human coronaviruses 229E and NL63 determine recognition of their respective cellular receptors. J Virol 80, 8639-8652.
    • (2006) J Virol , vol.80 , pp. 8639-8652
    • Hofmann, H.1    Simmons, G.2    Rennekamp, A.J.3    Chaipan, C.4    Gramberg, T.5    Heck, E.6    Geier, M.7    Wegele, A.8    Marzi, A.9
  • 26
    • 28044467101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human coronavirus NL63 associated with lower respiratory tract symptoms in early life
    • Kaiser, L., Regamey, N., Roiha, H., Deffernez, C. & Frey, U. (2005). Human coronavirus NL63 associated with lower respiratory tract symptoms in early life. Pediatr Infect Dis J 24, 1015-1017.
    • (2005) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.24 , pp. 1015-1017
    • Kaiser, L.1    Regamey, N.2    Roiha, H.3    Deffernez, C.4    Frey, U.5
  • 27
    • 0019296687 scopus 로고
    • A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences
    • Kimura, M. (1980). A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16, 111-120.
    • (1980) J Mol Evol , vol.16 , pp. 111-120
    • Kimura, M.1
  • 28
    • 33749060163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of human coronavirus NL63, human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in children with respiratory tract infections in south-west Sweden
    • Koetz, A., Nilsson, P., Lindén, M., van der Hoek, L. & Ripa, T. (2006). Detection of human coronavirus NL63, human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in children with respiratory tract infections in south-west Sweden. Clin Microbiol Infect 12, 1089-1096.
    • (2006) Clin Microbiol Infect , vol.12 , pp. 1089-1096
    • Koetz, A.1    Nilsson, P.2    Lindén, M.3    van der Hoek, L.4    Ripa, T.5
  • 29
    • 33846939604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical disease in children associated with newly described coronavirus subtypes
    • Kuypers, J., Martin, E. T., Heugel, J., Wright, N., Morrow, R. & Englund, J. A. (2007). Clinical disease in children associated with newly described coronavirus subtypes. Pediatrics 119, e70-e76.
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119
    • Kuypers, J.1    Martin, E.T.2    Heugel, J.3    Wright, N.4    Morrow, R.5    Englund, J.A.6
  • 30
    • 33750697985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MassTag polymerase-chain-reaction detection of respiratory pathogens, including a new rhinovirus genotype, that caused influenza-like illness in New York State during 2004-2005
    • Lamson, D., Renwick, N., Kapoor, V., Liu, Z., Palacios, G., Ju, J., Dean, A., St George, K., Briese, T. & Lipkin, W. I. (2006). MassTag polymerase-chain-reaction detection of respiratory pathogens, including a new rhinovirus genotype, that caused influenza-like illness in New York State during 2004-2005. J Infect Dis 194, 1398-1402.
    • (2006) J Infect Dis , vol.194 , pp. 1398-1402
    • Lamson, D.1    Renwick, N.2    Kapoor, V.3    Liu, Z.4    Palacios, G.5    Ju, J.6    Dean, A.7    St George, K.8    Briese, T.9    Lipkin, W.I.10
  • 32
    • 36348997665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features and complete genome characterization of a distinct human rhinovirus (HRV) genetic cluster, probably representing a previously undetected HRV species, HRV-C, associated with acute respiratory illness in children
    • Lau, S. K., Yip, C. C., Tsoi, H.-W., Lee, R. A., So, L.-Y., Lau, Y.-L., Chan, K.-H., Woo, P. C. & Yuen, K.-Y. (2007). Clinical features and complete genome characterization of a distinct human rhinovirus (HRV) genetic cluster, probably representing a previously undetected HRV species, HRV-C, associated with acute respiratory illness in children. J Clin Microbiol 45, 3655-3664.
    • (2007) J Clin Microbiol , vol.45 , pp. 3655-3664
    • Lau, S.K.1    Yip, C.C.2    Tsoi, H.-W.3    Lee, R.A.4    So, L.-Y.5    Lau, Y.-L.6    Chan, K.-H.7    Woo, P.C.8    Yuen, K.-Y.9
  • 33
    • 77649122707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, self-limiting infection that allows recombination events
    • other authors
    • Lau, S. K., Li, K. S., Huang, Y., Shek, C.-T., Tse, H., Wang, M., Choi, G. K., Xu, H., Lam, C. S. & other authors (2010). Ecoepidemiology and complete genome comparison of different strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related Rhinolophus bat coronavirus in China reveal bats as a reservoir for acute, self-limiting infection that allows recombination events. J Virol 84, 2808-2819.
    • (2010) J Virol , vol.84 , pp. 2808-2819
    • Lau, S.K.1    Li, K.S.2    Huang, Y.3    Shek, C.-T.4    Tse, H.5    Wang, M.6    Choi, G.K.7    Xu, H.8    Lam, C.S.9
  • 34
    • 80055111481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 reveals evolution of different genotypes over time and recent emergence of a novel genotype due to natural recombination
    • other authors
    • Lau, S. K., Lee, P., Tsang, A. K., Yip, C. C., Tse, H., Lee, R. A., So, L.-Y., Lau, Y.-L., Chan, K.-H. & other authors (2011). Molecular epidemiology of human coronavirus OC43 reveals evolution of different genotypes over time and recent emergence of a novel genotype due to natural recombination. J Virol 85, 11325-11337.
    • (2011) J Virol , vol.85 , pp. 11325-11337
    • Lau, S.K.1    Lee, P.2    Tsang, A.K.3    Yip, C.C.4    Tse, H.5    Lee, R.A.6    So, L.-Y.7    Lau, Y.-L.8    Chan, K.-H.9
  • 35
    • 70449688292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology and clinical presentations of human coronavirus NL63 infections in Hong Kong children
    • Leung, T. F., Li, C. Y., Lam, W. Y., Wong, G. W., Cheuk, E., Ip, M., Ng, P. C. & Chan, P. K. (2009). Epidemiology and clinical presentations of human coronavirus NL63 infections in Hong Kong children. J Clin Microbiol 47, 3486-3492.
    • (2009) J Clin Microbiol , vol.47 , pp. 3486-3492
    • Leung, T.F.1    Li, C.Y.2    Lam, W.Y.3    Wong, G.W.4    Cheuk, E.5    Ip, M.6    Ng, P.C.7    Chan, P.K.8
  • 37
    • 0032889281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination
    • Lole, K. S., Bollinger, R. C., Paranjape, R. S., Gadkari, D., Kulkarni, S. S., Novak, N. G., Ingersoll, R., Sheppard, H. W. & Ray, S. C. (1999). Full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomes from subtype C-infected seroconverters in India, with evidence of intersubtype recombination. J Virol 73, 152-160.
    • (1999) J Virol , vol.73 , pp. 152-160
    • Lole, K.S.1    Bollinger, R.C.2    Paranjape, R.S.3    Gadkari, D.4    Kulkarni, S.S.5    Novak, N.G.6    Ingersoll, R.7    Sheppard, H.W.8    Ray, S.C.9
  • 38
    • 34548703323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of a respiratory virus panel test for detection of twenty human respiratory viruses by use of multiplex PCR and a fluid microbead-based assay
    • Mahony, J., Chong, S., Merante, F., Yaghoubian, S., Sinha, T., Lisle, C. & Janeczko, R. (2007). Development of a respiratory virus panel test for detection of twenty human respiratory viruses by use of multiplex PCR and a fluid microbead-based assay. J Clin Microbiol 45, 2965-2970.
    • (2007) J Clin Microbiol , vol.45 , pp. 2965-2970
    • Mahony, J.1    Chong, S.2    Merante, F.3    Yaghoubian, S.4    Sinha, T.5    Lisle, C.6    Janeczko, R.7
  • 39
    • 34248632814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of a newly identified human rhinovirus, HRV-QPM, discovered in infants with bronchiolitis
    • McErlean, P., Shackelton, L. A., Lambert, S. B., Nissen, M. D., Sloots, T. P. & Mackay, I. M. (2007). Characterisation of a newly identified human rhinovirus, HRV-QPM, discovered in infants with bronchiolitis. J Clin Virol 39, 67-75.
    • (2007) J Clin Virol , vol.39 , pp. 67-75
    • McErlean, P.1    Shackelton, L.A.2    Lambert, S.B.3    Nissen, M.D.4    Sloots, T.P.5    McKay, I.M.6
  • 40
    • 33644836257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung infection-a public health priority
    • Mizgerd, J. P. (2006). Lung infection-a public health priority. PLoS Med 3, e76.
    • (2006) PLoS Med , vol.3
    • Mizgerd, J.P.1
  • 41
    • 39049085847 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute lower respiratory tract infection
    • Mizgerd, J. P. (2008). Acute lower respiratory tract infection. N Engl J Med 358, 716-727.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 716-727
    • Mizgerd, J.P.1
  • 42
    • 25444432585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel pancoronavirus RT-PCR assay: Frequent detection of human coronavirus NL63 in children hospitalized with respiratory tract infections in Belgium
    • Moës, E., Vijgen, L., Keyaerts, E., Zlateva, K., Li, S., Maes, P., Pyrc, K., Berkhout, B., van der Hoek, L. & Van Ranst, M. (2005). A novel pancoronavirus RT-PCR assay: frequent detection of human coronavirus NL63 in children hospitalized with respiratory tract infections in Belgium. BMC Infect Dis 5, 6.
    • (2005) BMC Infect Dis , vol.5 , pp. 6
    • Moës, E.1    Vijgen, L.2    Keyaerts, E.3    Zlateva, K.4    Li, S.5    Maes, P.6    Pyrc, K.7    Berkhout, B.8    van der Hoek, L.9    Van Ranst, M.10
  • 43
    • 0016243721 scopus 로고
    • The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. VI. Frequency of and relationship between outbreaks of coronavirus infection
    • Monto, A. S. & Lim, S. K. (1974). The Tecumseh study of respiratory illness. VI. Frequency of and relationship between outbreaks of coronavirus infection. J Infect Dis 129, 271-276.
    • (1974) J Infect Dis , vol.129 , pp. 271-276
    • Monto, A.S.1    Lim, S.K.2
  • 44
    • 0037197919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hemagglutinin sequence clusters and the antigenic evolution of influenza A virus
    • Plotkin, J. B., Dushoff, J. & Levin, S. A. (2002). Hemagglutinin sequence clusters and the antigenic evolution of influenza A virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99, 6263-6268.
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.99 , pp. 6263-6268
    • Plotkin, J.B.1    Dushoff, J.2    Levin, S.A.3
  • 46
    • 15744364706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome structure and transcriptional regulation of human coronavirus NL63
    • Pyrc, K., Jebbink, M. F., Berkhout, B. & van der Hoek, L. (2004). Genome structure and transcriptional regulation of human coronavirus NL63. Virol J 1, 7.
    • (2004) Virol J , vol.1 , pp. 7
    • Pyrc, K.1    Jebbink, M.F.2    Berkhout, B.3    van der Hoek, L.4
  • 49
    • 13444304279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of nucleotides immediately flanking the transcription-regulating sequence core in coronavirus subgenomic mRNA synthesis
    • Sola, I., Moreno, J. L., Zúñiga, S., Alonso, S. & Enjuanes, L. (2005). Role of nucleotides immediately flanking the transcription-regulating sequence core in coronavirus subgenomic mRNA synthesis. J Virol 79, 2506-2516.
    • (2005) J Virol , vol.79 , pp. 2506-2516
    • Sola, I.1    Moreno, J.L.2    Zúñiga, S.3    Alonso, S.4    Enjuanes, L.5
  • 50
    • 0033985296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Respiratory syncytial virus genetic and antigenic diversity
    • Sullender, W. M. (2000). Respiratory syncytial virus genetic and antigenic diversity. Clin Microbiol Rev 13, 1-15.
    • (2000) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.13 , pp. 1-15
    • Sullender, W.M.1
  • 54
    • 41549123654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human (non-severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus infections in hospitalised children in France
    • Vabret, A., Dina, J., Gouarin, S., Petitjean, J., Tripey, V., Brouard, J. & Freymuth, F. (2008). Human (non-severe acute respiratory syndrome) coronavirus infections in hospitalised children in France. J Paediatr Child Health 44, 176-181.
    • (2008) J Paediatr Child Health , vol.44 , pp. 176-181
    • Vabret, A.1    Dina, J.2    Gouarin, S.3    Petitjean, J.4    Tripey, V.5    Brouard, J.6    Freymuth, F.7
  • 58
    • 77956486571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VIGOR, An annotation program for small viral genomes
    • Wang, S., Sundaram, J. P. & Spiro, D. (2010). VIGOR, An annotation program for small viral genomes. BMC Bioinformatics 11, 451.
    • (2010) BMC Bioinformatics , vol.11 , pp. 451
    • Wang, S.1    Sundaram, J.P.2    Spiro, D.3
  • 60
    • 54149090275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO, Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization
    • WHO (2008). The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
    • (2008) The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update
  • 61
    • 41849115233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of a broad range of human adenoviruses in respiratory tract samples using a sensitive multiplex real-time PCR assay
    • Wong, S., Pabbaraju, K., Pang, X. L., Lee, B. E. & Fox, J. D. (2008). Detection of a broad range of human adenoviruses in respiratory tract samples using a sensitive multiplex real-time PCR assay. J Med Virol 80, 856-865.
    • (2008) J Med Virol , vol.80 , pp. 856-865
    • Wong, S.1    Pabbaraju, K.2    Pang, X.L.3    Lee, B.E.4    Fox, J.D.5
  • 62
    • 19944427959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia
    • other authors
    • Woo, P. C., Lau, S. K., Chu, C.-M., Chan, K.-H., Tsoi, H.-W., Huang, Y., Wong, B. H., Poon, R. W., Cai, J. J. & other authors (2005). Characterization and complete genome sequence of a novel coronavirus, coronavirus HKU1, from patients with pneumonia. J Virol 79, 884-895.
    • (2005) J Virol , vol.79 , pp. 884-895
    • Woo, P.C.1    Lau, S.K.2    Chu, C.-M.3    Chan, K.-H.4    Tsoi, H.-W.5    Huang, Y.6    Wong, B.H.7    Poon, R.W.8    Cai, J.J.9
  • 63
    • 33745782272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative analysis of 22 coronavirus HKU1 genomes reveals a novel genotype and evidence of natural recombination in coronavirus HKU1
    • Woo, P. C., Lau, S. K., Yip, C. C., Huang, Y., Tsoi, H.-W., Chan, K.-H. & Yuen, K.-Y. (2006). Comparative analysis of 22 coronavirus HKU1 genomes reveals a novel genotype and evidence of natural recombination in coronavirus HKU1. J Virol 80, 7136-7145.
    • (2006) J Virol , vol.80 , pp. 7136-7145
    • Woo, P.C.1    Lau, S.K.2    Yip, C.C.3    Huang, Y.4    Tsoi, H.-W.5    Chan, K.-H.6    Yuen, K.-Y.7
  • 64
    • 70349669409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronavirus diversity, phylogeny and interspecies jumping
    • Woo, P. C., Lau, S. K., Huang, Y. & Yuen, K.-Y. (2009). Coronavirus diversity, phylogeny and interspecies jumping. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 234, 1117-1127.
    • (2009) Exp Biol Med (Maywood) , vol.234 , pp. 1117-1127
    • Woo, P.C.1    Lau, S.K.2    Huang, Y.3    Yuen, K.-Y.4
  • 65
    • 79952156407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis
    • Woo, P. C., Huang, Y., Lau, S. K. & Yuen, K.-Y. (2010). Coronavirus genomics and bioinformatics analysis. Viruses 2, 1804-1820.
    • (2010) Viruses , vol.2 , pp. 1804-1820
    • Woo, P.C.1    Huang, Y.2    Lau, S.K.3    Yuen, K.-Y.4
  • 66
    • 0347319103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence motifs involved in the regulation of discontinuous coronavirus subgenomic RNA synthesis
    • Zúñiga, S., Sola, I., Alonso, S. & Enjuanes, L. (2004). Sequence motifs involved in the regulation of discontinuous coronavirus subgenomic RNA synthesis. J Virol 78, 980-994.
    • (2004) J Virol , vol.78 , pp. 980-994
    • Zúñiga, S.1    Sola, I.2    Alonso, S.3    Enjuanes, L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.