Bi-cropping white lupins (Lupinus albus L.) with cereals for wholecrop forage in organic farming: The effect of seed rate and harvest dates on crop yield and quality

Biological Agriculture and Horticulture

Volumn 28, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 86-100

  Azo, W M ^a   Lane, G P F ^a   Davies, W P ^a   Cannon, N D ^a  

^a ROYAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Bi crop; Cereal; Crop quality; Forage; Lupin; Seed rate; Yield

Indexed keywords

CEREAL; CLAY LOAM; CROP YIELD; DOUBLE CROPPING; DRY MATTER; FOOD QUALITY; FORAGE; HARVESTING; LEGUME; ORGANIC FARMING; PROTEIN; SEED PRODUCTION; YIELD RESPONSE;

ENGLAND; GLOUCESTERSHIRE; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 84867496451     PISSN: 01448765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/01448765.2012.671722     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Aasen A, Baron VS, Clayton GW, Dick AC, McCartney DH. 2004. Swath grazing potential of spring cereals, field pea and mixtures with other species. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84:1051-1058.
2. Andrews M, James EK, Cummings SP, Zavalin AA, Vinogradova LV, McKenzie A. 2003. Use of nitrogen fixing bacteria inoculants as a substitute for nitrogen fertilizer for dryland graminaceous crops. Progress made mechanisms of action and future potential. Symbiosis. 35:549-560.
3. Anil L, Park J, Phipps RH, Miller FA. 1998. Temperate intercropping of cereals for forage: A review of the potential for growth and utilization with particular reference to the UK. Grass Forage Sci. 53:301-317.
4. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. 1990. Official methods of analysis. 15th ed. Arlington (VA): Author.
5. Azo WM. 2007. Development of forage lupin and spring-sown cereals as bi-crops suitable for organic livestock production in the UK [dissertation]. [Coventry (UK)]: Coventry University.
6. Azo WM, Lane G P F, Davies WP, Cannon ND. 2011. Predicting dry matter and crude protein yields of lupin and cereal mono-and bi-crops using a computer model. Biol. Agric. Hort. 27(3-4):279-293.
7. Benjamin LR, Park SE. 2007. The conductance model of plant growth and competition in monoculture and species mixtures: A review. Weed Res. 47:284-298.
8. Carr PM, Horsley RD, Poland WW. 2004. Barley oat and cereal-pea mixtures as dryland forages in the northern great plains. Agron. J. 96:677-684.
9. Carr PM, Martin GB, Caton JS, Poland WW. 1998. Forage and nitrogen yield of barley-pea and oat-pea intercrops. Agron. J. 90:79-84.
10. Carruthers K, Prithiviraj B, Fe Q, Cloutier D, Martin RC, Smith DL. 2000. Intercropping corn with soybean, lupin and forages: Silage yield and quality. J. Agron. Crop Sci. 185:177-185.
11. Chadd SA, Davies WP, Koivisto JM. 2003. Practical production of protein for food animals. In: Proceedings of the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation Expert Consultation on Protein Sources for the Animal Feed Industry; 2003 May; Bangkok, Thailand. Rome (Italy): FAO. pp. 99-175.
12. Chalk PM. 1998. Dynamics of biologically fixed N in legume-cereal rotations: A review. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 49(3):303-316.
13. Clewer AG, Scarisbrick DH. 2001. Practical statistics and experimental designs for plant and crop science. Chichester (UK): John Wiley and Sons.
14. Collar C, Aksland G. 2001. Harvest stage effects on yield and quality of winter forage. In: 23rd California Alfalfa Symposium [Internet]. [cited 2012 Jan 15]; Davis (CA): University of California Cooperative Extension. Available from: http://alfalfa.ucdavis.edu/+symposium/proceedings/2001/01-133.pdf
15. Crews TE, Peoples MB. 2004. Legume versus fertilizer sources of nitrogen. Ecological tradeoffs and human needs. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 102:279-297.
16. Dimitrios J, Sidiras N, Kakapouki I, Efthimiadou A, Papatheohari Y, Thomopoulos P. 2005. Effect of organic fertilization on maize/legume intercrop in clay loam soil and Mediterranean climate - Can the land equivalent ratio (LER) be used for root development? J. Food Agric. Environ. 3:117-123.
17. Dracup M, Kirby E J M. 1996. Lupin development guide. Nedlands (Australia): University of Western Australia Press.
18. Froidmont E, Bartiaux-Thill N. 2004. Suitability of lupine and pea seeds as substitute for soybean meal in high producing dairy cow feed. In: Froidmont E, Leterme P, editors. La valorisation des propteagineaux dans l'alikmentation du batail [The valuation of protein in cattle feed] [Internet]. [cited 2012 Jan 15]. Available from: http://www.fsagx.ac.be/zt/publications/10e%20carrefour/ Froidmont.pdf
19. Froidmont E, Leterme P. 2004. La valorisation des propteagineaux dans l'alikmentation du batail [The recovery of protein in livestock feeds] [Internet]. [cited 2012 Jan 15]. Available from: http://www.fsagx.ac.be/zt/ publications/10e%20carrefour/Froidmont.pdf
20. Ghanbari-Bonjar A, Lee HC. 2003. Intercropped wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and bean (Vicia faba L.) as a whole-crop forage: Effect of harvest time on forage yield and quality. Grass Forage Sci. 58:28-36.
21. Givens DI, Everington JM, Adamson AH. 1992. Chemical composition and energy values of high temperature treated grasses produced in England. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 36:215-218.
22. Hauggard-Nielsen H, Ambus P, Jesen ES. 2003. The comparison of nitrogen use and leaching in sole cropped versus intercropped pea and barley. Nutr. Cycl. Agreoecosyst. 65:289-301.
23. Hopkins A. 2002. Impacts of climate change on semi-natural grassland. In: Impacts and adaptations to climate change. Workshop for the agricultural sector [Internet]. London (UK): DEFRA; [cited 2012 Jan15]. Available from: http://www.climatechangeadaptation. info/uploads/Training%20package/ Analysing%20Climate%20Vulnerability/reports/ The%20Impacts%20of%20Climate%20Change%20on%20UK%20Agriculture.pdf
24. Inter-Crop. 2006. Intercropping cereals and grain legumes for increase production, weed control, improved product quality and prevention of N-losses in European organic farming systems. Quality of life and management of living resources (QLK5-2002-02352) final report [Internet]. [cited 2012 Feb. 28]. Available from: http://www.intercrop. dk/Publications.htm
25. Juskiw PE, Helm JH, Salmon DF. 2000. Forage yield and quality for monocrops and mixtures of small grain cereals. Crop Sci. 40:138-147.
26. Keady T W J, Kilpatrick CM, Cushnahan A, Murphy JA. 2002. The cost of producing and feeding forages. In: Proceedings of the XIII International Silage Conference, Scottish Agricultural College (SAC), Auchincruive, Ayr, Scotland. 11-13 September 2002. pp. 322-323.
27. Koivisto JM, Benjamin LR, Lane G P F. 2003. Forage potential of semi-leafless grain peas. Grass and Forage Sci. 58(2):220-223.
28. Kwabiah AB. 2004. Biological efficiency and economic benefits of pea-barley and pea-oat intercrops. J. Sustain. Agric. 25(1):117-128.
29. Mariotti M, Masoni A, Ercoli L, Arduini I. 2006. Forage potential of winter cereal/legume intercrops in organic farming. Ital. J. Agron. 3:403-412.
30. McKenzie DB, Spaner D. 1998. White lupin: An alternative to pea in oats-legume forage mixtures grown in Newfoundland. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 79:43-47.
31. McKenzie DB, Spaner D. 2002. Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) seeding rate addition to forage oat-legume mixtures in Newfoundland. Acta Agric. Scand. Sect. B Soil Plant Sci. 52:52-56.
32. Mead R, Willey RW. 1980. The concept of land equivalent ratio and advantages in yield from intercropping. J. Exp. Agric. 16:217-228.
33. Min BR, Ahwood GT, McNabb WC, Molan AL, Barry TN. 2005. The effects of condense tannins from Lotus corniculatus on proteolytic activities and growth of rumen bacteria. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 121:45-58.
34. NABIM Wheat Guide. 2011. [Internet]. [cited 2012 Jan 15]. Available from: http://www.nabim.org.uk/content/1/34/wheat-varieties.html
35. Ndakidemi PA. 2006. Manipulating legume/cereal mixtures to optimize the above and below ground interactions in the traditional African cropping systems. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 5(25):2526-2533.
36. Pinter L, Burucs Z, Szieberth D. 1993. The possibility of maize soybean and maize sunflower intercropping as a tool for improving protein content and feeding value of silage in central Europe Carpathian basin. Novenytermeles. 42:37-47.
37. Putman D. 1993. Interdisciplinary approach to the development of lupins as an alternate crop. In: Janick J, Simon JE, editors. New crops. New York (NY): Wiley. pp. 266-277.
38. Rasmussen IA. 2004. The effect of sowing date, stale seedbed, row width and mechanical weed control on weeds and yields of organic wheat. Weed Res. 44(1):12-20.
39. Raven JA, Taylor R. 2003. Macro-alga growth in nutrient enriched estuaries: A biochemical perspective. Water, Air Soil Pollut. Focus. 3:7-26.
40. Rural Payments Agency. 2012. Protein crop premium scheme. [Internet]. [cited 2012 Jan 15]. Available from: http://rpa.defra.gov. uk/rpa/index.nsf/0/ 4CD978FEDAF4ECA7802572F80051F567
41. Siddons PA, Jones R J A, Hollis JM, Hallett SH, Huyghe C, Day JM, Scott T, Milford G F J. 1994. The use of a land suitability model to predict where autumn-sown, determinate genotypes of the white lupin (Lupinus albus) might be grown in England and Wales. J. Agric. Sci. 123(2):199-205.
42. Strydhorst SM, King JR, Lopetinsky KJ, Harker KN. 2008. Forage potential of intercropping barley with faba bean, lupin or field pea. Agron. J. 100(1):182-190.
43. van Barneveld DR. 1999. Understanding the nutritional chemistry of lupin (Lupinus spp.) seed to improve livestock production efficiency. Nutr. Res. Rev. 12(2):203-230.
44. Vandermeer JH. 1989. The ecology of intercropping. Cambridge (UK): Cambridge University Press.
45. Waldo DR, Jorgensen NA. 1981. Forages for high animal production: Nutritional factors and effects of conservation. J. Dairy Sci. 64:1207-1229.
46. Willey RW. 1990. Resource use in intercropping systems. Agric. Water Manage. 17:215-231.
47. Zadoks JC, Chang TT, Konzak CF. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res. 14:415-421.