Towards excimer-laser-based stereolithography: A rapid process to fabricate rigid biodegradable photopolymer scaffolds

Journal of the Royal Society Interface

Volumn 9, Issue 76, 2012, Pages 3017-3026

  Beke, S ^a   Anjum, F ^a,b   Tsushima, H ^a   Ceseracciu, L ^a   Chieregatti, E ^a   Diaspro, A ^a   Athanassiou, A ^a,c   Brandi, F ^a  

^a ISTITUTO ITALIANO DI TECNOLOGIA   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GENOA   (Italy)

^c NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY LABORATORY   (Italy)

Author keywords

Biocompatibility; Laser photocuring; Poly(propylene fumarate); Scaffolds; Tissue engineering

Indexed keywords

BIOCOMPATIBILITY; EXCIMER LASERS; PROPYLENE; RAPID PROTOTYPING; SCAFFOLDS; TISSUE ENGINEERING;

BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER SCAFFOLDS; BONE FORMATION; CELL TEST; CLINICAL APPLICATION; CURING DEPTH; DIETHYL FUMARATE; FLUENCES; GIGAPASCAL; HIGH RESOLUTION; HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION; PHOTOCROSS-LINKING; PHOTOCURING; POLY(PROPYLENE FUMARATE); RAPID PROCESS; REGENERATIVE MEDICINE; SPATIAL DIMENSION; TIME-SCALES; TOTAL ENERGY; UV LASERS; UV-EXCIMER LASERS; YOUNG'S MODULUS;

SCAFFOLDS (BIOLOGY);

FUMARIC ACID DERIVATIVE; FUMARIC ACID DIETHYL ESTER; POLY(PROPYLENE FUMARATE); POLYMER; SCAFFOLD PROTEIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ARTICLE; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; ENERGY; EXCIMER LASER; MICROTECHNOLOGY; OSSIFICATION; STEREOLITHOGRAPHY;

EID: 84867471579     PISSN: 17425689     EISSN: 17425662     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2012.0300     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Mano, J. F. et al. 2007 Natural origin biodegradable systems in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: present status and some moving trends. J. R. Soc. Interface 4, 999-1030. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2007.0220)
2. Tabata, Y. 2009 Biomaterial technology for tissue engineering applications. J. R. Soc. Interface 6, S311-S324. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2008.0448. focus)
3. Lee, K., Silva, E. A. & Mooney, D. J. 2011 Growth factor delivery-based tissue engineering: general approaches and a review of recent developments. J. R. Soc. Interface 8, 153-170. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2010.0223)
4. Ikada, Y. 2006 Challenges in tissue engineering. J. R. Soc. Interface 3, 589-601. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2006.0124)
5. Mouriño, V., Cattalini, J. P. & Boccaccini, A. R. 2012 Metallic ions as therapeutic agents in tissue engineering scaffolds: an overview of their biological applications and strategies for new developments. J. R. Soc. Interface 9, 401-419. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2011.0611)
6. Ferry, P. W., Feijen, J. & Grijpma, D. W. 2010 A review on stereolithography and its applications in biomedical engineering. Biomaterials 31, 6121-6130. (doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.04.050)
7. Williams, D. F. 1999 The Williams dictionary of biomaterials. Liverpool, UK: University Press.
8. Hutmacher, D. W., Michael, S. & Makarand, R. V. 2004 Scaffold-based tissue engineering: rationale for computer-aided design and solid free-form fabrication systems. Trends Biotechnol. 22, 354-362. (doi:10.1016/j.tibtech. 2004.05.005)
9. Yang, S., Leong, K. F., Du, Z. & Chua, C. K. 2001 The design of scaffolds for use in tissue engineering. I. Traditional factors. Tissue Eng. 7, 679-689. (doi:10.1089/107632701753337645)
10. Farsari, M., Claret-Tournier, F., Huang, S., Chatwin, C. R., Budgett, D. M., Birch, P. M., Young, R. C. D. & Richardson, J. D. 2000 A novel high-accuracy microstereolithography method employing an adaptive electro-optic mask. J. Mater. Process Technol. 107, 167-172. (doi:10.1016/S0924-0136(00)00672- 5)
11. Bertsch, A., Jiguet, S. & Renaud, P. 2004 Microfabrication of ceramic components by microstereolithography. J. Micromech. Microeng. 14, 197-203. (doi:10.1088/0960-1317/14/2/005)
12. Choi, J. W., Ha, Y. M., Choi, K. H. & Lee, S. H. 2007 Fabrication of 3-dimensional microstructures using dynamic image projection. Key Eng. Mater. 39, 473-478. (doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.339.473)
13. Choi, J. W., Ha, Y. M., Lee, S. H. & Choi, K. H. 2006 Design of microstereolithography system based on dynamic image projection for fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 20, 2094-2104. (doi:10.1007/BF02916326)
14. Choi, J. W., Wicker, R. B., Cho, S. H., Ha, C. S. & Lee, S. H. 2009 Cure depth control for complex 3D microstructure fabrication in dynamic mask projection microstereolithography. Rapid Prototyping J. 15, 59-70. (doi:10.1108/13552540910925072)
15. Limaye, A. S. & Rosen, D. W. 2007 Process planning method for mask projection microstereolithography. Rapid Prototyping J. 13, 76-84. (doi:10.1108/13552540710736759)
16. Ha, Y. M., Choi, J. W. & Lee, S. H. 2008 Mass production of 3-D microstructures using projection microstereolithography. J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 22, 514-521. (doi:10.1007/s12206-007-1031-8)
17. Kasper, K. F., Tanahashi, K., Fisher, J. P. & Mikos, A. G. 2009 Synthesis of poly(propylene fumarate). Nat. Protocol 4, 518-525. (doi:10.1038/nprot.2009.24)
18. Brandi, F., Anjum, F., Ceseracciu, L., Barone, A. C. & Athanassiou, A. 2011 Rigid biodegradable photopolymer structures of high resolution using deep-UV laser photocuring. J. Micromech. Microeng. 21, 054007. (doi:10.1088/0960-1317/21/5/054007)
19. Lee, S. J., Kang, H. W., Park, J. K., Rhie, J. W., Hahn, S. K. & Cho, D. W. 2008 Application of microstereolithography in the development of three-dimensional cartilage regeneration scaffolds. Biomed. Microdevices 10, 233-241. (doi:10.1007/s10544-007-9129-4)
20. Mapili, G., Lu, Y., Chen, S. & Roy, K. 2005 Laser-layered microfabrication of spatially patterned functionalized tissue engineering scaffolds. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. B 75B, 414-424. (doi:10.1002/jbm.b.30325)
21. Arcaute, K., Mann, B. K. & Wicker, R. B. 2006 Stereolithography of three-dimensional bioactive poly(ethylene glycol) constructs with encapsulated cells. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 34, 1429-1441. (doi:10.1007/s10439-006-9156-y)
22. Lee, D., Miyoshi, T., Takaya, Y. & Ha, T. 2006 3D microfabrication of photosensitive resin reinforced with ceramic nanoparticles using LCD microstereolithography. J. Laser Micro/Nanoeng. 1, 142-148. (doi:10.2961/jlmn. 2006.02.0011)
23. Wu, S., Han, L. H. & Chen, S. 2009 Three-dimensional selective growth of nanoparticles on a polymer microstructure. Nanotechnology 20, 285312. (doi:10.1088/0957-4484/20/28/285312)
24. Han, L. H., Mapili, G., Chen, S. & Roy, K. 2008 Projection microfabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds for tissue engineering. J. Manuf. Sci. Eng. 130, 021005. (doi:10.1115/1.2823079)
25. Kartsogiannis, V. & Ng, K. W. 2004 Cell lines and primary cell cultures in the study of bone cell biology. Mol. Cell Endocrinol. 228, 79-102. (doi:10.1016/j.mce.2003.06.002)
26. Mouriño, V. & Boccaccini, A. R. 2010 Bone tissue engineering therapeutics: controlled drug delivery in three-dimensional scaffolds. J. R. Soc. Interface 7, 209-227. (doi:10.1098/rsif.2009.0379)
27. Wang, S., Lu, L. C., Gruetzmacher, J. A., Currier, B. L. & Yaszemski, M. J. 2005 A biodegradable and cross-linkable multiblock copolymer consisting of poly(propylene fumarate) and poly(1-caprolactone): synthesis, characterization, and physical properties. Macromolecules 38, 7358-7370. (doi:10.1021/ma050884c)
28. Lee, K. W., Wang, S. F., Lu, L. C., Jabbari, E., Currier, B. L. & Yaszemski, M. J. 2006 Fabrication and characterization of poly(propylene fumarate) scaffolds with controlled pore structures using 3-dimensional printing and injection molding. Tissue Eng. 12, 2801-2811. (doi:10.1089/ten.2006.12. 2801)
29. Mendichi, R. & Giachometti Schieroni, A. G. 2001 Use of a multi-detector size exclusion chromatography system for the characterization of complex polymers. Curr. Trends Polym. Sci. 6, 17-32.
30. Wyatt, P. J. 1993 Light scattering and the absolute characterization of macromolecules. Anal. Chem. Acta 272, 1-40. (doi:10.1016/0003-2670(93)80373-S)
31. Oliver, W. C. & Pharr, G. M. 1992 An improved technique for determining hardness and elastic modulus using load a displacement sensing indentation experiments. J. Mater. Res. 7, 1565-1583. (doi:10.1557/JMR.1992. 1564)
32. Fisher, J. P., Timmer, M. D., Holland, T. A., Dean, D., Engel, P. S. & Mikos, A. G. 2003 Photoinitiated cross-linking of the biodegradable polyester poly(propylene fumarate): part I. Determination of network structure. Biomacromolecules 4, 1327-1334. (doi:10.1021/bm030028d)
33. Murr, L. E. 2006 Biological issues in materials science and engineering: interdisciplinarity and the bio-materials paradigm. JOM 58, 23-33. (doi:10.1007/s11837-006-0136-3)