Between a rock and a hard place: Stigma and the desire to have children among people living with HIV in northern Uganda

Journal of the International AIDS Society

Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2012, Pages

  Nattabi, Barbara ^a,b   Li, Jianghong ^c,d   Thompson, Sandra C ^a,b   Orach, Christopher G ^e   Earnest, Jaya ^a  

^a CURTIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^c CURTIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^d UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^e MAKERERE UNIVERSITY   (Uganda)

Author keywords

Fertility desire; HIV; Northern Uganda; Stigma

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS PREVALENCE; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUALITY OF LIFE; SEMI STRUCTURED INTERVIEW; STIGMA; UGANDA; VERBAL HOSTILITY; CHILD PARENT RELATION; INTERVIEW; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SOCIAL STIGMA;

ADULT; FEMALE; HIV INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INTERVIEWS AS TOPIC; MALE; PARENTING; QUALITY OF LIFE; SOCIAL STIGMA; UGANDA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84867469398     PISSN: None     EISSN: 17582652     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.7448/IAS.15.2.17421     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Mantell JE, Smit JA, Stein ZA. The right to choose parenthood among HIV-infected women and men. J Public Health Policy. 2009;30:367-78.
2. Nattabi B, Li J, Thompson SC, Orach CG, Earnest J. A systematic review of factors influencing fertility desires and intentions among people living with HIV/AIDS: implications for policy and service delivery. AIDS Behav. 2009;13:949-68.
3. Aka-Dago-Akribi H, Du Loû AD, Msellati P, Dossou R, Welffens-Ekra C. Issues surrounding reproductive choice for women lying with HIV in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Reprod Health Matters. 1999;7:20-9.
4. Cooper D, Harries J, Myer L, Orner P, Bracken H. "Life is still going on": reproductive intentions among HIV-positive women and men in South Africa. Social Sci Med. 2007;65:274-83.
5. Craft SM, Delaney RO, Bautista DT, Serovich JM. Pregnancy decisions among women with HIV. AIDS Behav. 2007;11:927-35.
6. Oosterhoff P, Anh NT, Hanh NT, Yen PN,Wright P, Hardon A. Holding the line: family responses to pregnancy and the desire for a child in the context of HIV in Vietnam. Cult Health Sex. 2008;10:403-16.
7. Sherr L, Barry N. Fatherhood and HIV-positive heterosexual men. HIV Med. 2004;5:258-63.
8. Goffman E. Stigma: notes on the management of spoiled identity. Englewood Cliffs (NJ): Prentice-Hall Inc; 1963.
9. Herek GM, Glunt EK. An epidemic of stigma. Public reactions to AIDS. Am Psychol. 1988;43:886-91.
10. Ko N-Y, Muecke M. To reproduce or not: HIV-concordant couples make a critical decision during pregnancy. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2005;50:23-30.
11. Smith DJ, Mbakwem BC. Life projects and therapeutic itineraries: marriage, fertility, and antiretroviral therapy in Nigeria. AIDS (London, England). 2007;21:S37-41.
12. Smith DJ, Mbakwem BC. Antiretroviral therapy and reproductive life projects: mitigating the stigma of AIDS in Nigeria. Social Sci Med. 2010;71:345-52.
13. Siegel K, Schrimshaw EW. Reasons and justifications for considering pregnancy among women living with HIV/AIDS. Psychol Women Quart. 2001;25:112-23.
14. Kanniappan S, Jeyapaul MJ, Kalyanwala S. Desire for motherhood: exploring HIV-positive women's desires, intentions and decision-making in attaining motherhood. AIDS Care. 2008;20:625-30.
15. Wesley Y, Smeltzer SC, Redeker NS, Walker S, Palumbo P, Whipple B. Reproductive decision making in mothers with HIV-1. Health Care Women Int. 2000;21:291-304.
16. Hollos M, Larsen U. Motherhood in sub-Saharan Africa: the social consequences of infertility in an urban population in northern Tanzania. Cult Health Sex. 2008;10:159-73.
17. Sonko S. Fertility and culture in sub-Saharan Africa: a review. Int Social Sci J. 1994;46:397-411.
18. Inhorn MC, van Balen F. Infertility around the globe: new thinking on childlessness, gender and reproductive technologies. Berkeley (CA): University of California Press; 2002.
19. Fortes M. Parenthood, marriage and fertility in West Africa. J Dev Stud. 1978;14:121-49.
20. Fabiani M, Nattabi B, Pierotti C, Ciantia F, Opio AA, Musinguzi J et al. HIV-1 prevalence and factors associated with infection in the conflict-affected region of North Uganda. Confl Health. 2007;1:3.
21. World Health Organization, Ministry of Health Uganda. Health and mortality survey among internally displaced persons in Gulu, Kitgum and Pader districts, Northern Uganda. Geneva: World Health Organization & Ministry of Health Uganda; 2005.
22. Uganda Bureau of Statistics, Macro International Inc. Uganda Demographic and Health Survey 2006. Calverton (MD): UBOS and Macro International Inc.; 2007.
23. Holzemer WL, Uys L, Makoae L, Stewart A, Phetlhu R, Dlamini PS, et al. A conceptual model of HIV/AIDS stigma from five African countries. J Adv Nurs. 2007;58:541-51.
24. UNAIDS. Practical guidelines for intensifying HIV prevention: towards universal access. Geneva: United Nations Joint Programme on HIV/AIDS; 2007.
25. Uganda AIDS Commission. Moving toward universal access: National HIV & AIDS Strategic Plan 2007/8-2011/12. Kampala: Uganda AIDS Commission; 2007.
26. UNAIDS. Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2010. Geneva: UNAIDS; 2010.
27. World Health Organization. Antiretroviral drugs for treating pregnant women and preventing HIV infection in infants: towards universal access: recommendations for a public health approach. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
28. Uganda Bureau of Statistics. Projections of demographic trends in Uganda 2007-2017. Kampala: Uganda Bureau of Statistics; 2007.
29. Ministry of Health Uganda. Mapping and assessment of health services availability in Northern Uganda: a tool for health co-ordination and planning. Kampala: Ministry of Health, Uganda; 2006.
30. World Health Organization, UNAIDS & United Nations Children's Fund. Towards universal access: scaling up priority HIV/AIDS interventions in the health sector: progress report 2008. Retrieved March 5, 2010 from: http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/towards-universal-access-report-2008.pdf
31. Kisakye P, Akena WO, Kaye DK. Pregnancy decisions among HIV-positive pregnant women in Mulago Hospital, Uganda. Cult Health Sex. 2010;12:445-54.
32. Bazeley P. Qualitative data analysis with Nvivo. London: Sage Publications Ltd; 2007.
33. Lacey A, Luff D. Qualitative research analysis. Sheffield: National Institute for Health Research; 2007.
34. Pope C, Ziebland S, Mays N. Qualitative research in health care: analysing qualitative data. Br Med J. 2000;320:114-6.
35. Reis HT, Judd CM. Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology. New York (NY): Cambridge University Press; 2000.
36. Sim J, Wright C. Research in health care: concepts, designs and methods. Cheltenham: Stanley Thornes Ltd; 2000.
37. Miles MB, Huberman M. Qualitative data analysis: an expanded sourcebook. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage Publications; 1994.
38. Wilhelm-Solomon M. Stigmatization, disclosure and the social space of the camp: reflections on ARV provision to the displaced in Northern Uganda. Cape Town: Centre for Social Science Research: AIDS and Society Research Unit; 2010.
39. Earnshaw VA, Chaudoir SR. From conceptualizing to measuring HIV stigma: a review of HIV stigma mechanism measures. AIDS Behav. 2009;13:1160-77.
40. Sandelowski M, Lambe C, Barroso J. Stigma in HIV-positive women. J Nurs Scholar. 2004;36:122-8.
41. Mao L, Crawford JM, Hospers HJ, Prestage GP, Grulich AE, Kaldor JM, et al. "Serosorting" in casual anal sex of HIV-negative gay men is noteworthy and is increasing in Sydney, Australia. AIDS. 2006;20:1204-6.
42. Deacon H. Towards a sustainable theory of health-related stigma: lessons from the HIV/AIDS literature. J Community Appl Social Psychol. 2006;16:418-25.
43. Alonzo AA, Reynolds NR. Stigma, HIV and AIDS: an exploration and elaboration of a stigma trajectory. Social Sci Med. 1995;41:303-15.
44. Dovidio JF, Major B, Crocker J. Stigma: introduction and overview. In: Heatherton TF, Kleck RE, Hebl MR, Hull JG, editors. The social psychology of stigma. New York (NY): The Guilford Press; 2000. p. 1-28
45. Nyblade L, Pande R, Mathur S, MacQuarrie K, Kidd R, Banteyerga H, et al. Disentangling HIV and AIDS stigma in Ethiopia, Tanzania and Zambia. Washington (DC): International Center for Research on Women; 2003.
46. Smith DJ. Romance, parenthood and gender in a modern African society. Ethnology. 2001;40:129-51.
47. Lutalo T, Kidugavu M, Wawer MJ, Serwadda D, Zabin LS, Gray RH. Trends and determinants of contraceptive use in Rakai District, Uganda, 1995-98. Stud Fam Plan. 31;2000:217-27.
48. Weiss MG, Ramakrishna J, Somma D. Health-related stigma: rethinking concepts and interventions. Psychol Health Med. 2006;11:277-87.
49. Logie C, Gadalla TM. Meta-analysis of health and demographic correlates of stigma towards people living with HIV. AIDS Care. 2009;21:742-53.
50. Heijnders M, Van Der Meij S. The fight against stigma: an overview of stigma-reduction strategies and interventions. Psychol Health Med. 2006;11:353-63.
51. Medley AM, Kennedy CE, Lunyolo S, Sweat MD. Disclosure outcomes, coping strategies, and life changes among women living with HIV in Uganda. Qual Health Res. 2009;19:1744-54.
52. Campbell C, Skovdal M, Madanhire C, Mugurungi O, Gregson S, Nyamukapa C. "We, the AIDS people. . .": how antiretroviral therapy enables Zimbabweans living with HIV/AIDS to cope with stigma. Am J Public Health. 2011;101:1004-10.