메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 7, Issue 10, 2012, Pages

A Potent Class of GPR40 Full Agonists Engages the EnteroInsular Axis to Promote Glucose Control in Rodents

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AM 1638; AM 6226; AMG 837; ANTIDIABETIC AGENT; G PROTEIN COUPLED RECEPTOR 40; GASTRIC INHIBITORY POLYPEPTIDE; GLUCAGON LIKE PEPTIDE 1; STREPTOZOCIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 84867290314     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046300     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (125)

References (44)
  • 1
    • 0037434991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells through GPR40
    • Itoh Y, Kawamata Y, Harada M, Kobayashi M, Fujii R, et al. (2003) Free fatty acids regulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells through GPR40. Nature 422: 173-176.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 173-176
    • Itoh, Y.1    Kawamata, Y.2    Harada, M.3    Kobayashi, M.4    Fujii, R.5
  • 2
    • 0037838892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR40 is activated by medium and long chain fatty acids
    • Briscoe CP, Tadayyon M, Andrews JL, Benson WG, Chambers JK, et al. (2003) The orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR40 is activated by medium and long chain fatty acids. J Biol Chem 278: 11303-11311.
    • (2003) J Biol Chem , vol.278 , pp. 11303-11311
    • Briscoe, C.P.1    Tadayyon, M.2    Andrews, J.L.3    Benson, W.G.4    Chambers, J.K.5
  • 3
    • 52749098923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gpr40 is expressed in enteroendocrine cells and mediates free fatty acid stimulation of incretin secretion
    • Edfalk S, Steneberg P, Edlund H, (2008) Gpr40 is expressed in enteroendocrine cells and mediates free fatty acid stimulation of incretin secretion. Diabetes 57: 2280-2287.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 2280-2287
    • Edfalk, S.1    Steneberg, P.2    Edlund, H.3
  • 4
    • 58149464981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutrient-dependent secretion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide from primary murine K cells
    • Parker HE, Habib AM, Rogers GJ, Gribble FM, Reimann F, (2009) Nutrient-dependent secretion of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide from primary murine K cells. Diabetologia 52: 289-298.
    • (2009) Diabetologia , vol.52 , pp. 289-298
    • Parker, H.E.1    Habib, A.M.2    Rogers, G.J.3    Gribble, F.M.4    Reimann, F.5
  • 6
    • 78650106131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating incretin-based therapies into clinical practice: differences between glucagon-like Peptide 1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors
    • Davidson JA, (2010) Incorporating incretin-based therapies into clinical practice: differences between glucagon-like Peptide 1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors. Mayo Clin Proc 85: S27-37.
    • (2010) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.85
    • Davidson, J.A.1
  • 7
    • 77449094873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incretin-based therapies: review of current clinical trial data
    • Peters A, (2010) Incretin-based therapies: review of current clinical trial data. Am J Med 123: S28-37.
    • (2010) Am J Med , vol.123
    • Peters, A.1
  • 8
    • 80955180014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acid receptors FFAR1 and GPR120 as novel therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders
    • Hara T, Hirasawa A, Ichimura A, Kimura I, Tsujimoto G, (2011) Free fatty acid receptors FFAR1 and GPR120 as novel therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders. J Pharm Sci 100: 3594-3601.
    • (2011) J Pharm Sci , vol.100 , pp. 3594-3601
    • Hara, T.1    Hirasawa, A.2    Ichimura, A.3    Kimura, I.4    Tsujimoto, G.5
  • 9
    • 62349101426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPR40 carboxylic acid receptor family and diabetes: a new drug target
    • Telvekar VN, Kundaikar HS, (2008) GPR40 carboxylic acid receptor family and diabetes: a new drug target. Curr Drug Targets 9: 899-910.
    • (2008) Curr Drug Targets , vol.9 , pp. 899-910
    • Telvekar, V.N.1    Kundaikar, H.S.2
  • 10
    • 34047177401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPR40 is necessary but not sufficient for fatty acid stimulation of insulin secretion in vivo
    • Latour MG, Alquier T, Oseid E, Tremblay C, Jetton TL, et al. (2007) GPR40 is necessary but not sufficient for fatty acid stimulation of insulin secretion in vivo. Diabetes 56: 1087-1094.
    • (2007) Diabetes , vol.56 , pp. 1087-1094
    • Latour, M.G.1    Alquier, T.2    Oseid, E.3    Tremblay, C.4    Jetton, T.L.5
  • 11
    • 52249093427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fatty acid receptor GPR40 plays a role in insulin secretion in vivo after high-fat feeding
    • Kebede M, Alquier T, Latour MG, Semache M, Tremblay C, et al. (2008) The fatty acid receptor GPR40 plays a role in insulin secretion in vivo after high-fat feeding. Diabetes 57: 2432-2437.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 2432-2437
    • Kebede, M.1    Alquier, T.2    Latour, M.G.3    Semache, M.4    Tremblay, C.5
  • 12
    • 70350561694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deletion of GPR40 impairs glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo in mice without affecting intracellular fuel metabolism in islets
    • Alquier T, Peyot ML, Latour MG, Kebede M, Sorensen CM, et al. (2009) Deletion of GPR40 impairs glucose-induced insulin secretion in vivo in mice without affecting intracellular fuel metabolism in islets. Diabetes 58: 2607-2615.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 2607-2615
    • Alquier, T.1    Peyot, M.L.2    Latour, M.G.3    Kebede, M.4    Sorensen, C.M.5
  • 13
    • 51649104136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss-of-function mutation of the GPR40 gene associates with abnormal stimulated insulin secretion by acting on intracellular calcium mobilization
    • Vettor R, Granzotto M, De Stefani D, Trevellin E, Rossato M, et al. (2008) Loss-of-function mutation of the GPR40 gene associates with abnormal stimulated insulin secretion by acting on intracellular calcium mobilization. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 93: 3541-3550.
    • (2008) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.93 , pp. 3541-3550
    • Vettor, R.1    Granzotto, M.2    De Stefani, D.3    Trevellin, E.4    Rossato, M.5
  • 14
    • 50949128408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective small-molecule agonists of G protein-coupled receptor 40 promote glucose-dependent insulin secretion and reduce blood glucose in mice
    • Tan CP, Feng Y, Zhou YP, Eiermann GJ, Petrov A, et al. (2008) Selective small-molecule agonists of G protein-coupled receptor 40 promote glucose-dependent insulin secretion and reduce blood glucose in mice. Diabetes 57: 2211-2219.
    • (2008) Diabetes , vol.57 , pp. 2211-2219
    • Tan, C.P.1    Feng, Y.2    Zhou, Y.P.3    Eiermann, G.J.4    Petrov, A.5
  • 15
    • 39149097541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of novel agonists and antagonists of the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) using virtual screening
    • Tikhonova IG, Sum CS, Neumann S, Engel S, Raaka BM, et al. (2008) Discovery of novel agonists and antagonists of the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1) using virtual screening. J Med Chem 51: 625-633.
    • (2008) J Med Chem , vol.51 , pp. 625-633
    • Tikhonova, I.G.1    Sum, C.S.2    Neumann, S.3    Engel, S.4    Raaka, B.M.5
  • 16
    • 77956500937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of TAK-875: A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable GPR40 Agonist
    • Negoro N, Sasaki S, Mikami S, Ito M, Suzuki M, et al. (2010) Discovery of TAK-875: A Potent, Selective, and Orally Bioavailable GPR40 Agonist. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters 1: 290-294.
    • (2010) ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters , vol.1 , pp. 290-294
    • Negoro, N.1    Sasaki, S.2    Mikami, S.3    Ito, M.4    Suzuki, M.5
  • 17
    • 80555154306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • AMG 837: A Novel GPR40/FFA1 Agonist that Enhances Insulin Secretion and Lowers Glucose Levels in Rodents
    • Lin DC, Zhang J, Zhuang R, Li F, Nguyen K, et al. (2011) AMG 837: A Novel GPR40/FFA1 Agonist that Enhances Insulin Secretion and Lowers Glucose Levels in Rodents. PLoS One 6: e27270.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6
    • Lin, D.C.1    Zhang, J.2    Zhuang, R.3    Li, F.4    Nguyen, K.5
  • 19
    • 84863208301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic properties of the GPR40 agonist TAK-875: results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled single oral dose rising study in healthy volunteers
    • Naik H, Vakilynejad M, Wu J, Viswanathan P, Dote N, et al. (2012) Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic properties of the GPR40 agonist TAK-875: results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled single oral dose rising study in healthy volunteers. J Clin Pharmacol 52: 1007-1016.
    • (2012) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 1007-1016
    • Naik, H.1    Vakilynejad, M.2    Wu, J.3    Viswanathan, P.4    Dote, N.5
  • 20
    • 84867318924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPR40-induced insulin secretion by the novel agonist TAK-875: first clinical findings in patients with type 2 diabetes
    • Araki T, Hirayama M, Hiroi S, Kaku K (2011) GPR40-induced insulin secretion by the novel agonist TAK-875: first clinical findings in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab.
    • (2011) Diabetes Obes Metab
    • Araki, T.1    Hirayama, M.2    Hiroi, S.3    Kaku, K.4
  • 21
    • 84859625938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TAK-875 versus placebo or glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Burant CF, Viswanathan P, Marcinak J, Cao C, Vakilynejad M, et al. (2012) TAK-875 versus placebo or glimepiride in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet.
    • (2012) Lancet
    • Burant, C.F.1    Viswanathan, P.2    Marcinak, J.3    Cao, C.4    Vakilynejad, M.5
  • 22
    • 33745607930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological regulation of insulin secretion in MIN6 cells through the fatty acid receptor GPR40: identification of agonist and antagonist small molecules
    • Briscoe CP, Peat AJ, McKeown SC, Corbett DF, Goetz AS, et al. (2006) Pharmacological regulation of insulin secretion in MIN6 cells through the fatty acid receptor GPR40: identification of agonist and antagonist small molecules. Br J Pharmacol 148: 619-628.
    • (2006) Br J Pharmacol , vol.148 , pp. 619-628
    • Briscoe, C.P.1    Peat, A.J.2    McKeown, S.C.3    Corbett, D.F.4    Goetz, A.S.5
  • 23
    • 56749163623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of potent and selective agonists for the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA(1)/GPR40), a potential target for the treatment of type II diabetes
    • Christiansen E, Urban C, Merten N, Liebscher K, Karlsen KK, et al. (2008) Discovery of potent and selective agonists for the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA(1)/GPR40), a potential target for the treatment of type II diabetes. J Med Chem 51: 7061-7064.
    • (2008) J Med Chem , vol.51 , pp. 7061-7064
    • Christiansen, E.1    Urban, C.2    Merten, N.3    Liebscher, K.4    Karlsen, K.K.5
  • 24
    • 84867306794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and Pharmacological Characterization of Multiple Allosteric Binding Sites on the FFA1 Receptor
    • Lin D, Guo Q, Luo J, Zhang J, Nguyen K, et al. (2012) Identification and Pharmacological Characterization of Multiple Allosteric Binding Sites on the FFA1 Receptor. Mol Pharmacol.
    • (2012) Mol Pharmacol
    • Lin, D.1    Guo, Q.2    Luo, J.3    Zhang, J.4    Nguyen, K.5
  • 25
    • 33846006173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes
    • Drucker DJ, Nauck MA, (2006) The incretin system: glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes. Lancet 368: 1696-1705.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.368 , pp. 1696-1705
    • Drucker, D.J.1    Nauck, M.A.2
  • 26
    • 0023226168 scopus 로고
    • Fetal rat intestinal cells in monolayer culture: a new in vitro system to study the glucagon-like immunoreactive peptides
    • Brubaker PL, Vranic M, (1987) Fetal rat intestinal cells in monolayer culture: a new in vitro system to study the glucagon-like immunoreactive peptides. Endocrinology 120: 1976-1985.
    • (1987) Endocrinology , vol.120 , pp. 1976-1985
    • Brubaker, P.L.1    Vranic, M.2
  • 27
    • 33847037154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein kinase Czeta is required for oleic acid-induced secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 by intestinal endocrine L cells
    • Iakoubov R, Izzo A, Yeung A, Whiteside CI, Brubaker PL, (2007) Protein kinase Czeta is required for oleic acid-induced secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 by intestinal endocrine L cells. Endocrinology 148: 1089-1098.
    • (2007) Endocrinology , vol.148 , pp. 1089-1098
    • Iakoubov, R.1    Izzo, A.2    Yeung, A.3    Whiteside, C.I.4    Brubaker, P.L.5
  • 29
    • 0031749544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nongenetic mouse models of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
    • Luo J, Quan J, Tsai J, Hobensack CK, Sullivan C, et al. (1998) Nongenetic mouse models of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 47: 663-668.
    • (1998) Metabolism , vol.47 , pp. 663-668
    • Luo, J.1    Quan, J.2    Tsai, J.3    Hobensack, C.K.4    Sullivan, C.5
  • 30
    • 34547101696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hyperglycemia, maturity-onset obesity, and insulin resistance in NONcNZO10/LtJ males, a new mouse model of type 2 diabetes
    • Cho YR, Kim HJ, Park SY, Ko HJ, Hong EG, et al. (2007) Hyperglycemia, maturity-onset obesity, and insulin resistance in NONcNZO10/LtJ males, a new mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 293: E327-336.
    • (2007) Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab , vol.293
    • Cho, Y.R.1    Kim, H.J.2    Park, S.Y.3    Ko, H.J.4    Hong, E.G.5
  • 31
    • 30944443388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential endocrine responses to rosiglitazone therapy in new mouse models of type 2 diabetes
    • Leiter EH, Reifsnyder PC, Zhang W, Pan HJ, Xiao Q, et al. (2006) Differential endocrine responses to rosiglitazone therapy in new mouse models of type 2 diabetes. Endocrinology 147: 919-926.
    • (2006) Endocrinology , vol.147 , pp. 919-926
    • Leiter, E.H.1    Reifsnyder, P.C.2    Zhang, W.3    Pan, H.J.4    Xiao, Q.5
  • 32
    • 19944427998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (2R)-4-oxo-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin -7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine: a potent, orally active dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes
    • Kim D, Wang L, Beconi M, Eiermann GJ, Fisher MH, et al. (2005) (2R)-4-oxo-4-[3-(trifluoromethyl)-5,6-dihydro[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-7(8H)-yl]-1-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)butan-2-amine: a potent, orally active dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. J Med Chem 48: 141-151.
    • (2005) J Med Chem , vol.48 , pp. 141-151
    • Kim, D.1    Wang, L.2    Beconi, M.3    Eiermann, G.J.4    Fisher, M.H.5
  • 33
    • 13444263540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120
    • Hirasawa A, Tsumaya K, Awaji T, Katsuma S, Adachi T, et al. (2005) Free fatty acids regulate gut incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion through GPR120. Nat Med 11: 90-94.
    • (2005) Nat Med , vol.11 , pp. 90-94
    • Hirasawa, A.1    Tsumaya, K.2    Awaji, T.3    Katsuma, S.4    Adachi, T.5
  • 34
    • 84858285593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysfunction of lipid sensor GPR120 leads to obesity in both mouse and human
    • Ichimura A, Hirasawa A, Poulain-Godefroy O, Bonnefond A, Hara T, et al. (2012) Dysfunction of lipid sensor GPR120 leads to obesity in both mouse and human. Nature 483: 350-354.
    • (2012) Nature , vol.483 , pp. 350-354
    • Ichimura, A.1    Hirasawa, A.2    Poulain-Godefroy, O.3    Bonnefond, A.4    Hara, T.5
  • 35
    • 0027184119 scopus 로고
    • Exendin-4 is a high potency agonist and truncated exendin-(9-39)-amide an antagonist at the glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-36)-amide receptor of insulin-secreting beta-cells
    • Goke R, Fehmann HC, Linn T, Schmidt H, Krause M, et al. (1993) Exendin-4 is a high potency agonist and truncated exendin-(9-39)-amide an antagonist at the glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-36)-amide receptor of insulin-secreting beta-cells. J Biol Chem 268: 19650-19655.
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 19650-19655
    • Goke, R.1    Fehmann, H.C.2    Linn, T.3    Schmidt, H.4    Krause, M.5
  • 36
    • 0027425034 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and functional expression of the human islet GLP-1 receptor. Demonstration that exendin-4 is an agonist and exendin-(9-39) an antagonist of the receptor
    • Thorens B, Porret A, Buhler L, Deng SP, Morel P, et al. (1993) Cloning and functional expression of the human islet GLP-1 receptor. Demonstration that exendin-4 is an agonist and exendin-(9-39) an antagonist of the receptor. Diabetes 42: 1678-1682.
    • (1993) Diabetes , vol.42 , pp. 1678-1682
    • Thorens, B.1    Porret, A.2    Buhler, L.3    Deng, S.P.4    Morel, P.5
  • 37
    • 84861018492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GLP-1 receptor agonists: a clinical perspective on cardiovascular effects
    • Mundil D, Cameron-Vendrig A, Husain M, (2012) GLP-1 receptor agonists: a clinical perspective on cardiovascular effects. Diab Vasc Dis Res 9: 95-108.
    • (2012) Diab Vasc Dis Res , vol.9 , pp. 95-108
    • Mundil, D.1    Cameron-Vendrig, A.2    Husain, M.3
  • 38
    • 79952315396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR40 directly mediates long-chain fatty acid-induced secretion of cholecystokinin
    • Liou AP, Lu X, Sei Y, Zhao X, Pechhold S, et al. (2011) The G-protein-coupled receptor GPR40 directly mediates long-chain fatty acid-induced secretion of cholecystokinin. Gastroenterology 140: 903-912.
    • (2011) Gastroenterology , vol.140 , pp. 903-912
    • Liou, A.P.1    Lu, X.2    Sei, Y.3    Zhao, X.4    Pechhold, S.5
  • 39
    • 84864491110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Duodenal Enteroendocrine I-Cells Contain mRNA Transcripts Encoding Key Endocannabinoid and Fatty Acid Receptors
    • Sykaras AG, Demenis C, Case RM, McLaughlin JT, Smith CP, (2012) Duodenal Enteroendocrine I-Cells Contain mRNA Transcripts Encoding Key Endocannabinoid and Fatty Acid Receptors. PLoS One 7: e42373.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7
    • Sykaras, A.G.1    Demenis, C.2    Case, R.M.3    McLaughlin, J.T.4    Smith, C.P.5
  • 40
    • 80053138180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • TAK-875, an Orally Available GPR40/FFA1 Agonist Enhances Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion and Improves Both Postprandial and Fasting Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetic Rats
    • Tsujihata Y, Ito R, Suzuki M, Harada A, Negoro N, et al. (2011) TAK-875, an Orally Available GPR40/FFA1 Agonist Enhances Glucose-Dependent Insulin Secretion and Improves Both Postprandial and Fasting Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetic Rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther.
    • (2011) J Pharmacol Exp Ther
    • Tsujihata, Y.1    Ito, R.2    Suzuki, M.3    Harada, A.4    Negoro, N.5
  • 41
    • 65549096659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GPR40: good cop, bad cop
    • Alquier T, Poitout V, (2009) GPR40: good cop, bad cop? Diabetes 58: 1035-1036.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 1035-1036
    • Alquier, T.1    Poitout, V.2
  • 42
    • 20944433543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The FFA receptor GPR40 links hyperinsulinemia, hepatic steatosis, and impaired glucose homeostasis in mouse
    • Steneberg P, Rubins N, Bartoov-Shifman R, Walker MD, Edlund H, (2005) The FFA receptor GPR40 links hyperinsulinemia, hepatic steatosis, and impaired glucose homeostasis in mouse. Cell Metab 1: 245-258.
    • (2005) Cell Metab , vol.1 , pp. 245-258
    • Steneberg, P.1    Rubins, N.2    Bartoov-Shifman, R.3    Walker, M.D.4    Edlund, H.5
  • 43
    • 65549114432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overexpression of GPR40 in pancreatic beta-cells augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in normal and diabetic mice
    • Nagasumi K, Esaki R, Iwachidow K, Yasuhara Y, Ogi K, et al. (2009) Overexpression of GPR40 in pancreatic beta-cells augments glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and improves glucose tolerance in normal and diabetic mice. Diabetes 58: 1067-1076.
    • (2009) Diabetes , vol.58 , pp. 1067-1076
    • Nagasumi, K.1    Esaki, R.2    Iwachidow, K.3    Yasuhara, Y.4    Ogi, K.5
  • 44
    • 78650301416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When simple agonism is not enough: emerging modalities of GPCR ligands
    • Smith NJ, Bennett KA, Milligan G, (2011) When simple agonism is not enough: emerging modalities of GPCR ligands. Mol Cell Endocrinol 331: 241-247.
    • (2011) Mol Cell Endocrinol , vol.331 , pp. 241-247
    • Smith, N.J.1    Bennett, K.A.2    Milligan, G.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.