Thicker Achilles tendons are a risk factor to develop Achilles tendinopathy in elite professional soccer players

Muscles, Ligaments and Tendons Journal

Volumn 1, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 51-56

  Jhingan, Sachin ^a   Perry, Mark ^a,b   O'Driscoll, Gary ^c   Lewin, Colin ^c   Teatino, Raphael ^a   Malliaras, Peter ^a   Maffulli, Nicola ^a   Morrissey, Dylan ^a  

^a QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON   (United Kingdom)

^b ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS   (United Kingdom)

^c Arsenal Football Club ^*  (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Achilles; Football; Sonography; Tendinopathy; Ultrasound

Indexed keywords

EID: 84866894151     PISSN: None     EISSN: 22404554     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Jarvinen TA, Kannus P, Maffulli N, Khan KM. Achilles Tendon disorders: etiology and epidemiology. Foot Ankle Clin. 2005; 10: 255-266.
2. Longo UG, Rittweger J, Garau G. No Influence of Age, Gender, Weight, Height, and Impact Profile in Achilles Tendinopathy in Masters Track and Field Athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2009; 37: 1400-1405.
3. Longo UG, Ronga M, Maffuli N. Achilles Tendinopathy. Sports Med Arthrosc. 2009; 17: 112-126.
4. Maffulli N, Khan KM, Puddu G. Overuse tendon conditions: time to change a confusing terminology. Arthroscopy. 1998; 14: 840-843.
5. Almekinders LC, Almekinders SV. Outcome in the treatment of chronic overuse sports injuries: A retrospective study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994; 19: 157-161.
6. Fredberg U, Bolvig L. Significance of ultrasonographically detected asymptomatic tendinosis in the patellar and Achilles tendons of elite soccer players-A longitudinal study. Am J Sports Med. 2002; 30: 488-491.
7. Fredberg U, Bolvig L, Andersen NT. Prophylactic Training in Asymptomatic Soccer Players with Ultrasonographic Abnormalities in Achilles and Patella Tendons: the Danish Super League Study. Am J Sports Med. 2008; 36: 451-460.
8. Woods C, Hawkins R, Hulse M, Hodson A. The Football Association Medical Research Programme: an audit of injuries in professional football-analysis of preseason injuries. Br J Sports Med. 2002; 36: 436-441.
9. Rompe JD, Furia JP, Maffulli N. Mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy-current options for treatment. Disabil Rehabil. 2008; 30: 1666-1676.
10. Ohberg L, Lorentzon R, Alfredson H. Neovascularisation in Achilles tendons with painful tendinosis but not in normal tendons: an ultrasonographic investigation. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2001; 9:233-238.
11. Alfredson H. The chronic painful Achilles and patellar tendon: research on basic biology and treatment. Scan J Med Sci Sports. 2005; 15: 252-259.
12. Rolf C, Movin T. Etiology, histopathology, and outcome of surgery in achillodynia. Foot Ankle Int. 1997; 18: 565-569.
13. Tallon C, Maffulli N, Ewen SW. Ruptured Achilles tendons are significantly more degenerated than tendinopathic tendons. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001; 33: 1983-1990.
14. Richards PJ, Win T, Jones PW. The distribution of microvascular response in Achilles tendonopathy assessed by colour and power Doppler. Skeletal Radiol. 2005: 34: 336-342.
15. Filippucci E, Unlu Z, Farina A, Grassi W. Sonographic training in rheumatology: a self teaching approach. Ann Rheum Dis. 2003; 62: 565-567.
16. McNally EG. Ultrasound of the foot and ankle. In: Practical Musculoskeletal Ultrasound. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2005.
17. Cove R, Weller D, Westwood M. The Achilles Musculotendinous Junction: A Survey of Orthopaedic Surgeons. The Foot and Ankle Online Journal. 2009; 2: 1-4.
18. Hughes TH. Imaging of Tendon Ailments. Chapter 7 in Tendon Injuries-Basic Science and Clinical Medicine. Eds: Maffulli N, Renstrom, Leadbetter WB. Springer-Verlag London 2005.
19. Zanetti M, Metzdorf A, Kundert AP, et al. Achilles tendons: clinical relevance of neovascularisation diagnosed with power Doppler US. Radiology. 2003; 227: 556-560.
20. Emerson C, Morrissey D, Perry M, Jalan R. Ultrasonographically detected changes in Achilles tendons and self reported symptoms in elite gymnasts compared with controls-An observational study. Man Ther. 2010; 15: 37-42.
21. Cook JL, Khan KM. Etiology of tendinopathy. In: Woo SLY, Renström P, Arnoczky SP, eds. Tendinopathy in Athletes, Encyclopedia of Sports Medicine. Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell Publishing; 2007:10-28.
22. Astrom M, Gentz C, Nilsson P, Rausing A, Sjoberg S. Imaging in chronic achilles tendinopathy: a comparison of ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging and surgical findings in 27 histologically verified cases. Skeletal Radiol. 1996; 25: 615.
23. Malliaras P, Richards PJ, Garau G, Maffulli N. Achilles Tendon Doppler Flow May Be Associated With Mechanical Loading Among Active Athletes. Am J Sports Med. 2008; 36: 2210-2215.
24. Malliaras P, Richards P, Garau G, Maffulli N, Cook J. Temporal sequence of gray-scale ultrasound chan-ges and their association with neovascularity and pain in the patellar tendon. Br J Sports Med. 2010; 44: 944-947.
25. Malliaras P, Richards PJ, Garau G and Maffulli, N. Achilles tendon shape and echogenicity on ultrasound among active badminton players. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2011 [e pub before print].