From Pluripotency to Islets. MiRNAs as Critical Regulators of Human Cellular Differentiation

Advances in Genetics

Volumn 79, Issue , 2012, Pages 1-34

  Hinton, Andrew ^a   Hunter, Shaun ^a   Reyes, Gloria ^b   Fogel, Gary B ^c   King, Charles C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b San Diego   (United States)

^c NATURAL SELECTION INC   (United States)

Author keywords

Definitive endoderm; Embryonic stem cell (ESC); MicroRNA (miRNA); MiR 375; Pancreatic precursor; cell

Indexed keywords

EID: 84866420583     PISSN: 00652660     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-394395-8.00001-3     Document Type: Chapter

References (147)

1. Anderson K.E., Coadwell J., Stephens L.R., Hawkins P.T. Translocation of PDK-1 to the plasma membrane is important in allowing PDK-1 to activate protein kinase B. Curr. Biol. 1998, 8(12):684-691.
2. Anokye-Danso F., Trivedi C.M., Juhr D., Gupta M., Cui Z., Tian Y., Zhang Y., Yang W., Gruber P.J., Epstein J.A., Morrisey E.E. Highly efficient miRNA-mediated reprogramming of mouse and human somatic cells to pluripotency. Cell Stem Cell 2011, 8(4):376-388.
3. Aranha M.M., Santos D.M., Sola S., Steer C.J., Rodrigues C.M. miR-34a regulates mouse neural stem cell differentiation. PLoS One 2011, 6(8):e21396.
4. Avery S., Zafarana G., Gokhale P.J., Andrews P.W. The role of SMAD4 in human embryonic stem cell self-renewal and stem cell fate. Stem Cells 2010, 28(5):863-873.
5. Bagga S., Pasquinelli A.E. Identification and analysis of microRNAs. Genet. Eng. (N Y) 2006, 27:1-20.
6. Bar M., Wyman S.K., Fritz B.R., Qi J., Garg K.S., Parkin R.K., Kroh E.M., Bendoraite A., Mitchell P.S., Nelson A.M., Ruzzo W.L., Ware C., Radich J.P., Gentleman R., Ruohola-Baker H., Tewari M. MicroRNA discovery and profiling in human embryonic stem cells by deep sequencing of small RNA libraries. Stem Cells 2008, 26(10):2496-2505.
7. Baroukh N.N., Van Obberghen E. Function of microRNA-375 and microRNA-124a in pancreas and brain. FEBS J. 2009, 276(22):6509-6521.
8. Barroso-del Jesus A., Lucena-Aguilar G., Menendez P. The miR-302-367 cluster as a potential stemness regulator in ESCs. Cell Cycle 2009, 8(3):394-398.
9. Bartel D.P. MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 2004, 116(2):281-297.
10. Bartel D.P. MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 2009, 136(2):215-233.
11. Beattie G.M., Butler C., Hayek A. Morphology and function of cultured human fetal pancreatic cells transplanted into athymic mice: a longitudinal study. Cell Transplant. 1994, 3(5):421-425.
12. Beattie G.M., Cirulli V., Lopez A.D., Hayek A. Ex vivo expansion of human pancreatic endocrine cells. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1997, 82(6):1852-1856.
13. Beattie G.M., Itkin-Ansari P., Cirulli V., Leibowitz G., Lopez A.D., Bossie S., Mally M.I., Levine F., Hayek A. Sustained proliferation of PDX-1+ cells derived from human islets. Diabetes 1999, 48(5):1013-1019.
14. Beattie G.M., Lopez A.D., Bucay N., Hinton A., Firpo M.T., King C.C., Hayek A. Activin A maintains pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells in the absence of feeder layers. Stem Cells 2005, 23(4):489-495.
15. Beattie G.M., Montgomery A.M., Lopez A.D., Hao E., Perez B., Just M.L., Lakey J.R., Hart M.E., Hayek A. A novel approach to increase human islet cell mass while preserving beta-cell function. Diabetes 2002, 51(12):3435-3439.
16. Beattie G.M., Rubin J.S., Mally M.I., Otonkoski T., Hayek A. Regulation of proliferation and differentiation of human fetal pancreatic islet cells by extracellular matrix, hepatocyte growth factor, and cell-cell contact. Diabetes 1996, 45(9):1223-1228.
17. Behfar A., Terzic A. Cardioprotective repair through stem cell-based cardiopoiesis. J. Appl. Physiol. 2007, 103(4):1438-1440.
18. Benetti R., Gonzalo S., Jaco I., Munoz P., Gonzalez S., Schoeftner S., Murchison E., Andl T., Chen T., Klatt P., Li E., Serrano M., Millar S., Hannon G., Blasco M.A. A mammalian microRNA cluster controls DNA methylation and telomere recombination via Rbl2-dependent regulation of DNA methyltransferases. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 2008, 15(9):998.
19. Boissart C., Nissan X., Giraud-Triboult K., Peschanski M., Benchoua A. miR-125 potentiates early neural specification of human embryonic stem cells. Development 2012.
20. Bravo-Egana V., Rosero S., Molano R.D., Pileggi A., Ricordi C., Dominguez-Bendala J., Pastori R.L. Quantitative differential expression analysis reveals miR-7 as major islet microRNA. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2008, 366(4):922-926.
21. Calvanese V., Lara E., Suarez-Alvarez B., Abu Dawud R., Vazquez-Chantada M., Martinez-Chantar M.L., Embade N., Lopez-Nieva P., Horrillo A., Hmadcha A., Soria B., Piazzolla D., Herranz D., Serrano M., Mato J.M., Andrews P.W., Lopez-Larrea C., Esteller M., Fraga M.F. Sirtuin 1 regulation of developmental genes during differentiation of stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2010, 107(31):13736-13741.
22. Cannell I.G., Bushell M. Regulation of Myc by miR-34c: a mechanism to prevent genomic instability?. Cell Cycle 2010, 9(14):2726-2730.
23. Card D.A., Hebbar P.B., Li L., Trotter K.W., Komatsu Y., Mishina Y., Archer T.K. Oct4/Sox2-regulated miR-302 targets cyclin D1 in human embryonic stem cells. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2008, 28(20):6426-6438.
24. Chang C.-J., Chao C.-H., Xia W., Yang J.-Y., Xiong Y., Li C.-W., Yu W.-H., Rehman S.K., Hsu J.L., Lee H.-H., Liu M., Chen C.-T., Yu D., Hung M.-C. p53 regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell properties through modulating miRNAs. Nat. Cell Biol. 2011, 13(3):317-323.
25. Chang T.C., Zeitels L.R., Hwang H.W., Chivukula R.R., Wentzel E.A., Dews M., Jung J., Gao P., Dang C.V., Beer M.A., Thomas-Tikhonenko A., Mendell J.T. Lin-28B transactivation is necessary for Myc-mediated let-7 repression and proliferation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106(9):3384-3389.
26. Chng Z., Teo A., Pedersen R.A., Vallier L. SIP1 mediates cell-fate decisions between neuroectoderm and mesendoderm in human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2010, 6(1):59-70.
27. Choi W.-Y., Giraldez A.J., Schier A.F. Target protectors reveal dampening and balancing of nodal agonist and antagonist by miR-430. Science 2007, 318(5848):271-274.
28. Choi Y.J., Lin C.P., Ho J.J., He X., Okada N., Bu P., Zhong Y., Kim S.Y., Bennett M.J., Chen C., Ozturk A., Hicks G.G., Hannon G.J., He L. miR-34 miRNAs provide a barrier for somatic cell reprogramming. Nat. Cell Biol. 2011, 13(11):1353-1360.
29. Christensen B.C., Moyer B.J., Avissar M., Ouellet L.G., Plaza S.L., McClean M.D., Marsit C.J., Kelsey K.T. A let-7 microRNA-binding site polymorphism in the KRAS 3' UTR is associated with reduced survival in oral cancers. Carcinogenesis 2009, 30(6):1003-1007.
30. Correa-Medina M., Bravo-Egana V., Rosero S., Ricordi C., Edlund H., Diez J., Pastori R.L. MicroRNA miR-7 is preferentially expressed in endocrine cells of the developing and adult human pancreas. Gene Expr. Patterns 2009, 9(4):193-199.
31. D'Amour K.A., Agulnick A.D., Eliazer S., Kelly O.G., Kroon E., Baetge E.E. Efficient differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to definitive endoderm. Nat. Biotechnol. 2005, 23(12):1534-1541.
32. Ding L., Xu Y., Zhang W., Deng Y., Si M., Du Y., Yao H., Liu X., Ke Y., Si J., Zhou T. MiR-375 frequently downregulated in gastric cancer inhibits cell proliferation by targeting JAK2. Cell Res. 2010, 20(7):784-793.
33. Egawa K., Maegawa H., Shi K., Nakamura T., Obata T., Yoshizaki T., Morino K., Shimizu S., Nishio Y., Suzuki E., Kashiwagi A. Membrane localization of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 stimulates activities of Akt and atypical protein kinase C but does not stimulate glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277(41):38863-38869.
34. El Ouaamari A., Baroukh N., Martens G.A., Lebrun P., Pipeleers D., van Obberghen E. miR-375 targets 3'-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 and regulates glucose-induced biological responses in pancreatic beta-cells. Diabetes 2008, 57(10):2708-2717.
35. Foshay K.M., Gallicano G.I. miR-17 family miRNAs are expressed during early mammalian development and regulate stem cell differentiation. Dev. Biol. 2009, 326(2):431-443.
36. Gershengorn M.C., Hardikar A.A., Wei C., Geras-Raaka E., Marcus-Samuels B., Raaka B.M. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition generates proliferative human islet precursor cells. Science 2004, 306(5705):2261-2264.
37. Gregory P.A., Bert A.G., Paterson E.L., Barry S.C., Tsykin A., Farshid G., Vadas M.A., Khew-Goodall Y., Goodall G.J. The miR-200 family and miR-205 regulate epithelial to mesenchymal transition by targeting ZEB1 and SIP1. Nat. Cell Biol. 2008, 10(5):593-601.
38. Gregory P.A., Bracken C.P., Bert A.G., Goodall G.J. MicroRNAs as regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cell Cycle 2008, 7(20):3112-3118.
39. Gregory P.A., Bracken C.P., Smith E., Bert A.G., Wright J.A., Roslan S., Morris M., Wyatt L., Farshid G., Lim Y.Y., Lindeman G.J., Shannon M.F., Drew P.A., Khew-Goodall Y., Goodall G.J. An autocrine TGF-beta/ZEB/miR-200 signaling network regulates establishment and maintenance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Mol. Biol. Cell 2011, 22(10):1686-1698.
40. Han M.K., Song E.K., Guo Y., Ou X., Mantel C., Broxmeyer H.E. SIRT1 regulates apoptosis and Nanog expression in mouse embryonic stem cells by controlling p53 subcellular localization. Cell Stem Cell 2008, 2(3):241-251.
41. Hashimoto N., Kido Y., Uchida T., Asahara S., Shigeyama Y., Matsuda T., Takeda A., Tsuchihashi D., Nishizawa A., Ogawa W., Fujimoto Y., Okamura H., Arden K.C., Herrera P.L., Noda T., Kasuga M. Ablation of PDK1 in pancreatic beta cells induces diabetes as a result of loss of beta cell mass. Nat. Genet. 2006, 38(5):589-593.
42. Hayek A., Beattie G.M. Experimental transplantation of human fetal and adult pancreatic islets. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1997, 82(8):2471-2475.
43. He X.X., Chang Y., Meng F.Y., Wang M.Y., Xie Q.H., Tang F., Li P.Y., Song Y.H., Lin J.S. MicroRNA-375 targets AEG-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and suppresses liver cancer cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Oncogene 2011.
44. He X.Y., Chen J.X., Zhang Z., Li C.L., Peng Q.L., Peng H.M. The let-7a microRNA protects from growth of lung carcinoma by suppression of k-Ras and c-Myc in nude mice. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol. 2010, 136(7):1023-1028.
45. Hinton A., Afrikanova I., Wilson M., King C.C., Maurer B., Yeo G.W., Hayek A., Pasquinelli A.E. A distinct microRNA signature for definitive endoderm derived from human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev. 2010, 19(6):797-807.
46. Hohjoh H., Fukushima T. Marked change in microRNA expression during neuronal differentiation of human teratocarcinoma NTera2D1 and mouse embryonal carcinoma P19 cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2007, 362(2):360-367.
47. Houbaviy H.B., Murray M.F., Sharp P.A. Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs. Dev. Cell 2003, 5(2):351-358.
48. Howe E.N., Cochrane D.R., Richer J.K. Targets of miR-200c mediate suppression of cell motility and anoikis resistance. Breast Cancer Res. 2011, 13(2):R45.
49. Iguchi H., Ikeda Y., Okamura M., Tanaka T., Urashima Y., Ohguchi H., Takayasu S., Kojima N., Iwasaki S., Ohashi R., Jiang S., Hasegawa G., Ioka R.X., Magoori K., Sumi K., Maejima T., Uchida A., Naito M., Osborne T.F., Yanagisawa M., Yamamoto T.T., Kodama T., Sakai J. SOX6 attenuates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by repressing PDX1 transcriptional activity and is down-regulated in hyperinsulinemic obese mice. J. Biol. Chem. 2005, 280(45):37669-37680.
50. Inamura K., Togashi Y., Nomura K., Ninomiya H., Hiramatsu M., Satoh Y., Okumura S., Nakagawa K., Ishikawa Y. let-7 microRNA expression is reduced in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma, a non-invasive carcinoma, and is not correlated with prognosis. Lung Cancer 2007, 58(3):392-396.
51. Ivey K.N., Muth A., Arnold J., King F.W., Yeh R.F., Fish J.E., Hsiao E.C., Schwartz R.J., Conklin B.R., Bernstein H.S., Srivastava D. MicroRNA regulation of cell lineages in mouse and human embryonic stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2008, 2(3):219-229.
52. James D., Levine A.J., Besser D., Hemmati-Brivanlou A. TGFbeta/activin/nodal signaling is necessary for the maintenance of pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells. Development 2005, 132(6):1273-1282.
53. Jay C., Nemunaitis J., Chen P., Fulgham P., Tong A.W. miRNA profiling for diagnosis and prognosis of human cancer. DNA Cell Biol. 2007, 26(5):293-300.
54. Jeon H.M., Sohn Y.W., Oh S.Y., Kim S.H., Beck S., Kim S., Kim H. ID4 imparts chemoresistance and cancer stemness to glioma cells by derepressing miR-9*-mediated suppression of SOX2. Cancer Res. 2011, 71(9):3410-3421.
55. Joglekar M.V., Joglekar V.M., Hardikar A.A. Expression of islet-specific microRNAs during human pancreatic development. Gene Expr. Patterns 2009, 9(2):109-113.
56. Judson R.L., Babiarz J.E., Venere M., Blelloch R. Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs promote induced pluripotency. Nat. Biotechnol. 2009, 27(5):459-461.
57. Kanellopoulou C., Muljo S.A., Kung A.L., Ganesan S., Drapkin R., Jenuwein T., Livingston D.M., Rajewsky K. Dicer-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells are defective in differentiation and centromeric silencing. Genes Dev. 2005, 19(4):489-501.
58. Kayali A.G., Flores L.E., Lopez A.D., Kutlu B., Baetge E., Kitamura R., Hao E., Beattie G.M., Hayek A. Limited capacity of human adult islets expanded in vitro to redifferentiate into insulin-producing beta-cells. Diabetes 2007, 56(3):703-708.
59. Kim H., Lee G., Ganat Y., Papapetrou E.P., Lipchina I., Socci N.D., Sadelain M., Studer L. miR-371-3 expression predicts neural differentiation propensity in human pluripotent stem cells. Cell Stem Cell 2011, 8(6):695-706.
60. Kim N., Kim H., Jung I., Kim Y., Kim D., Han Y.-M. Expression profiles of miRNAs in human embryonic stem cells during hepatocyte differentiation. Hepatol. Res. 2011, 41(2):170-183.
61. Kim N.H., Kim H.S., Kim N.G., Lee I., Choi H.S., Li X.Y., Kang S.E., Cha S.Y., Ryu J.K., Na J.M., Park C., Kim K., Lee S., Gumbiner B.M., Yook J.I., Weiss S.J. p53 and microRNA-34 are suppressors of canonical Wnt signaling. Sci. Signal. 2011, 4(197):ra71.
62. King C.C., Newton A.C. The adaptor protein Grb14 regulates the localization of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279(36):37518-37527.
63. Kloosterman W.P., Lagendijk A.K., Ketting R.F., Moulton J.D., Plasterk R.H. Targeted inhibition of miRNA maturation with morpholinos reveals a role for miR-375 in pancreatic islet development. PLoS Biol. 2007, 5(8):e203.
64. Korpal M., Kang Y. The emerging role of miR-200 family of microRNAs in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer metastasis. RNA Biol. 2008, 5(3):115-119.
65. Koscianska E., Baev V., Skreka K., Oikonomaki K., Rusinov V., Tabler M., Kalantidis K. Prediction and preliminary validation of oncogene regulation by miRNAs. BMC Mol. Biol. 2007, 8:79.
66. Kowalik M.A., Saliba C., Pibiri M., Perra A., Ledda-Columbano G.M., Sarotto I., Ghiso E., Giordano S., Columbano A. Yes-associated protein regulation of adaptive liver enlargement and hepatocellular carcinoma development in mice. Hepatology 2011, 53(6):2086-2096.
67. Krichevsky A.M., Sonntag K.C., Isacson O., Kosik K.S. Specific microRNAs modulate embryonic stem cell-derived neurogenesis. Stem Cells 2006, 24(4):857-864.
68. Kroon E., Martinson L.A., Kadoya K., Bang A.G., Kelly O.G., Eliazer S., Young H., Richardson M., Smart N.G., Cunningham J., Agulnick A.D., D'Amour K.A., Carpenter M.K., Baetge E.E. Pancreatic endoderm derived from human embryonic stem cells generates glucose-responsive insulin-secreting cells in vivo. Nat. Biotechnol. 2008, 26(4):443-452.
69. Kubo A., Shinozaki K., Shannon J.M., Kouskoff V., Kennedy M., Woo S., Fehling H.J., Keller G. Development of definitive endoderm from embryonic stem cells in culture. Development 2004, 131(7):1651-1662.
70. Lakshmipathy U., Love B., Goff L.A., Jornsten R., Graichen R., Hart R.P., Chesnut J.D. MicroRNA expression pattern of undifferentiated and differentiated human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev. 2007, 16(6):1003-1016.
71. Laurent L.C. MicroRNAs in embryonic stem cells and early embryonic development. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2008, 12(6A):2181-2188.
72. Laurent L.C., Chen J., Ulitsky I., Mueller F.J., Lu C., Shamir R., Fan J.B., Loring J.F. Comprehensive microRNA profiling reveals a unique human embryonic stem cell signature dominated by a single seed sequence. Stem Cells 2008, 26(6):1506-1516.
73. Lee R.C., Feinbaum R.L., Ambros V. The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 1993, 75(5):843-854.
74. Li R., Liang J., Ni S., Zhou T., Qing X., Li H., He W., Chen J., Li F., Zhuang Q., Qin B., Xu J., Li W., Yang J., Gan Y., Qin D., Feng S., Song H., Yang D., Zhang B., Zeng L., Lai L., Esteban M.A., Pei D. A mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition initiates and is required for the nuclear reprogramming of mouse fibroblasts. Cell Stem Cell 2010, 7(1):51-63.
75. Li X., Lin R., Li J. Epigenetic silencing of microRNA-375 regulates PDK1 expression in esophageal cancer. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2011, 56(10):2849-2856.
76. Lichner Z., Pall E., Kerekes A., Pallinger E., Maraghechi P., Bosze Z., Gocza E. The miR-290-295 cluster promotes pluripotency maintenance by regulating cell cycle phase distribution in mouse embryonic stem cells. Differentiation 2011, 81(1):11-24.
77. Lipchina I., Elkabetz Y., Hafner M., Sheridan R., Mihailovic A., Tuschl T., Sander C., Studer L., Betel D. Genome-wide identification of microRNA targets in human ES cells reveals a role for miR-302 in modulating BMP response. Genes Dev. 2011, 25(20):2173-2186.
78. Liu A.M., Poon R.T., Luk J.M. MicroRNA-375 targets Hippo-signaling effector YAP in liver cancer and inhibits tumor properties. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2010, 394(3):623-627.
79. Liu S., Kumar S.M., Lu H., Liu A., Yang R., Pushparajan A., Guo W., Xu X. MicroRNA-9 up-regulates E-cadherin through inhibition of NF-kappaB1-Snail1 pathway in melanoma. J. Pathol. 2012, 226(1):61-72.
80. Lu Y., Govindan R., Wang L., Liu P.Y., Goodgame B., Wen W., Sezhiyan A., Li Y.F., Hua X., Wang Y., Yang P., You M. MicroRNA profiling and prediction of recurrence/relapse-free survival in stage I lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2012.
81. Luningschror P., Stocker B., Kaltschmidt B., Kaltschmidt C. miR-290 cluster modulates pluripotency by repressing canonical NF-kappaB signaling. Stem Cells 2012.
82. Lynn F.C., Skewes-Cox P., Kosaka Y., McManus M.T., Harfe B.D., German M.S. MicroRNA expression is required for pancreatic islet cell genesis in the mouse. Diabetes 2007, 56(12):2938-2945.
83. Ma L., Young J., Prabhala H., Pan E., Mestdagh P., Muth D., Teruya-Feldstein J., Reinhardt F., Onder T.T., Valastyan S., Westermann F., Speleman F., Vandesompele J., Weinberg R.A. miR-9, a MYC/MYCN-activated microRNA, regulates E-cadherin and cancer metastasis. Nat. Cell Biol. 2010, 12(3):247-256.
84. Mallanna S.K., Rizzino A. Emerging roles of microRNAs in the control of embryonic stem cells and the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells. Dev. Biol. 2010, 344(1):16-25.
85. Marson A., Levine S.S., Cole M.F., Frampton G.M., Brambrink T., Johnstone S., Guenther M.G., Johnston W.K., Wernig M., Newman J., Calabrese J.M., Dennis L.M., Volkert T.L., Gupta S., Love J., Hannett N., Sharp P.A., Bartel D.P., Jaenisch R., Young R.A. Connecting microRNA genes to the core transcriptional regulatory circuitry of embryonic stem cells. Cell 2008, 134(3):521-533.
86. Martello G., Zacchigna L., Inui M., Montagner M., Adorno M., Mamidi A., Morsut L., Soligo S., Tran U., Dupont S., Cordenonsi M., Wessely O., Piccolo S. MicroRNA control of nodal signalling. Nature 2007, 449(7159):183-188.
87. Massirer K.B., Pasquinelli A.E. The evolving role of microRNAs in animal gene expression. Bioessays 2006, 28(5):449-452.
88. Melkman-Zehavi T., Oren R., Kredo-Russo S., Shapira T., Mandelbaum A.D., Rivkin N., Nir T., Lennox K.A., Behlke M.A., Dor Y., Hornstein E. miRNAs control insulin content in pancreatic beta-cells via downregulation of transcriptional repressors. EMBO J. 2011, 30(5):835-845.
89. Melton C., Blelloch R. MicroRNA regulation of embryonic stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2010, 695:105-117.
90. Melton C., Judson R.L., Blelloch R. Opposing microRNA families regulate self-renewal in mouse embryonic stem cells. Nature 2010, 463(7281):621-626.
91. Morin R.D., O'Connor M.D., Griffith M., Kuchenbauer F., Delaney A., Prabhu A.L., Zhao Y., McDonald H., Zeng T., Hirst M., Eaves C.J., Marra M.A. Application of massively parallel sequencing to microRNA profiling and discovery in human embryonic stem cells. Genome Res. 2008, 18(4):610-621.
92. Murchison E.P., Partridge J.F., Tam O.H., Cheloufi S., Hannon G.J. Characterization of Dicer-deficient murine embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2005, 102(34):12135-12140.
93. O'Loghlen A., Munoz-Cabello A.M., Gaspar-Maia A., Wu H.A., Banito A., Kunowska N., Racek T., Pemberton H.N., Beolchi P., Lavial F., Masui O., Vermeulen M., Carroll T., Graumann J., Heard E., Dillon N., Azuara V., Snijders A.P., Peters G., Bernstein E., Gil J. MicroRNA regulation of Cbx7 mediates a switch of Polycomb orthologs during ESC differentiation. Cell Stem Cell 2012, 10(1):33-46.
94. Ouziel-Yahalom L., Zalzman M., Anker-Kitai L., Knoller S., Bar Y., Glandt M., Herold K., Efrat S. Expansion and redifferentiation of adult human pancreatic islet cells. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2006, 341(2):291-298.
95. Packer A.N., Xing Y., Harper S.Q., Jones L., Davidson B.L. The bifunctional microRNA miR-9/miR-9* regulates REST and CoREST and is downregulated in Huntington's disease. J. Neurosci. 2008, 28(53):14341-14346.
96. Pan L., Gong Z., Zhong Z., Dong Z., Liu Q., Le Y., Guo J. Lin-28 reactivation is required for let-7 repression and proliferation in human small cell lung cancer cells. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2011, 355(1-2):257-263.
97. Pasquinelli A.E., Reinhart B.J., Slack F., Martindale M.Q., Kuroda M.I., Maller B., Hayward D.C., Ball E.E., Degnan B., Muller P., Spring J., Srinivasan A., Fishman M., Finnerty J., Corbo J., Levine M., Leahy P., Davidson E., Ruvkun G. Conservation of the sequence and temporal expression of let-7 heterochronic regulatory RNA. Nature 2000, 408(6808):86-89.
98. Paterson E.L., Kolesnikoff N., Gregory P.A., Bert A.G., Khew-Goodall Y., Goodall G.J. The microRNA-200 family regulates epithelial to mesenchymal transition. ScientificWorldJournal 2008, 8:901-904.
99. Peyton M., Stellrecht C.M., Naya F.J., Huang H.P., Samora P.J., Tsai M.J. BETA3, a novel helix-loop-helix protein, can act as a negative regulator of BETA2 and MyoD-responsive genes. Mol. Cell Biol. 1996, 16(2):626-633.
100. Poy M.N., Eliasson L., Krutzfeldt J., Kuwajima S., Ma X., Macdonald P.E., Pfeffer S., Tuschl T., Rajewsky N., Rorsman P., Stoffel M. A pancreatic islet-specific microRNA regulates insulin secretion. Nature 2004, 432(7014):226-230.
101. Poy M.N., Hausser J., Trajkovski M., Braun M., Collins S., Rorsman P., Zavolan M., Stoffel M. miR-375 maintains normal pancreatic alpha- and beta-cell mass. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106(14):5813-5818.
102. Qi J., Yu J.Y., Shcherbata H.R., Mathieu J., Wang A.J., Seal S., Zhou W., Stadler B.M., Bourgin D., Wang L., Nelson A., Ware C., Raymond C., Lim L.P., Magnus J., Ivanovska I., Diaz R., Ball A., Cleary M.A., Ruohola-Baker H. microRNAs regulate human embryonic stem cell division. Cell Cycle 2009, 8(22):3729-3741.
103. Raponi M., Dossey L., Jatkoe T., Wu X., Chen G., Fan H., Beer D.G. MicroRNA classifiers for predicting prognosis of squamous cell lung cancer. Cancer Res. 2009, 69(14):5776-5783.
104. Redmer T., Diecke S., Grigoryan T., Quiroga-Negreira A., Birchmeier W., Besser D. E-cadherin is crucial for embryonic stem cell pluripotency and can replace OCT4 during somatic cell reprogramming. EMBO Rep. 2011, 12(7):720-726.
105. Reinhart B.J., Slack F.J., Basson M., Pasquinelli A.E., Bettinger J.C., Rougvie A.E., Horvitz H.R., Ruvkun G. The 21-nucleotide let-7 RNA regulates developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 2000, 403(6772):901-906.
106. Rosa A., Brivanlou A.H. microRNAs in early vertebrate development. Cell Cycle 2009, 8(21).
107. Rosa A., Brivanlou A.H. A regulatory circuitry comprised of miR-302 and the transcription factors OCT4 and NR2F2 regulates human embryonic stem cell differentiation. EMBO J. 2011, 30(2):237-248.
108. Rosa A., Spagnoli F.M., Brivanlou A.H. The miR-430/427/302 family controls mesendodermal fate specification via species-specific target selection. Dev. Cell 2009, 16(4):517-527.
109. Rosati J., Spallotta F., Nanni S., Grasselli A., Antonini A., Vincenti S., Presutti C., Colussi C., D'Angelo C., Biroccio A., Farsetti A., Capogrossi M.C., Illi B., Gaetano C. Smad-interacting protein-1 and microRNA 200 family define a nitric oxide-dependent molecular circuitry involved in embryonic stem cell mesendoderm differentiation. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2011, 31(4):898-907.
110. Rybak A., Fuchs H., Smirnova L., Brandt C., Pohl E.E., Nitsch R., Wulczyn F.G. A feedback loop comprising lin-28 and let-7 controls pre-let-7 maturation during neural stem-cell commitment. Nat. Cell Biol. 2008, 10(8):987-993.
111. Sachdeva M., Zhu S., Wu F., Wu H., Walia V., Kumar S., Elble R., Watabe K., Mo Y.Y. p53 represses c-Myc through induction of the tumor suppressor miR-145. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2009, 106(9):3207-3212.
112. Samavarchi-Tehrani P., Golipour A., David L., Sung H.K., Beyer T.A., Datti A., Woltjen K., Nagy A., Wrana J.L. Functional genomics reveals a BMP-driven mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition in the initiation of somatic cell reprogramming. Cell Stem Cell 2010, 7(1):64-77.
113. Sampson V.B., Rong N.H., Han J., Yang Q., Aris V., Soteropoulos P., Petrelli N.J., Dunn S.P., Krueger L.J. MicroRNA let-7a down-regulates MYC and reverts MYC-induced growth in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Cancer Res. 2007, 67(20):9762-9770.
114. Saunders L.R., Sharma A.D., Tawney J., Nakagawa M., Okita K., Yamanaka S., Willenbring H., Verdin E. miRNAs regulate SIRT1 expression during mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation and in adult mouse tissues. Aging (Albany NY) 2010, 2(7):415-431.
115. Schulman B.R., Esquela-Kerscher A., Slack F.J. Reciprocal expression of lin-41 and the microRNAs let-7 and mir-125 during mouse embryogenesis. Dev. Dyn. 2005, 234(4):1046-1054.
116. Siemens H., Jackstadt R., Hunten S., Kaller M., Menssen A., Gotz U., Hermeking H. miR-34 and SNAIL form a double-negative feedback loop to regulate epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. Cell Cycle 2011, 10(24):4256-4271.
117. Soldati C., Bithell A., Johnston C., Wong K.Y., Teng S.W., Beglopoulos V., Stanton L.W., Buckley N.J. Repressor element 1 silencing transcription factor couples loss of pluripotency with neural induction and neural differentiation. Stem Cells 2012, 30(3):425-434.
118. Subramanyam D., Lamouille S., Judson R.L., Liu J.Y., Bucay N., Derynck R., Blelloch R. Multiple targets of miR-302 and miR-372 promote reprogramming of human fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 2011, 29(5):443-448.
119. Suh M.R., Lee Y., Kim J.Y., Kim S.K., Moon S.H., Lee J.Y., Cha K.Y., Chung H.M., Yoon H.S., Moon S.Y., Kim V.N., Kim K.S. Human embryonic stem cells express a unique set of microRNAs. Dev. Biol. 2004, 270(2):488-498.
120. Suh N., Baehner L., Moltzahn F., Melton C., Shenoy A., Chen J., Blelloch R. MicroRNA function is globally suppressed in mouse oocytes and early embryos. Curr. Biol. 2010, 20(3):271-277.
121. Suzuki H.I., Yamagata K., Sugimoto K., Iwamoto T., Kato S., Miyazono K. Modulation of microRNA processing by p53. Nature 2009, 460(7254):529-533.
122. Tada S., Era T., Furusawa C., Sakurai H., Nishikawa S., Kinoshita M., Nakao K., Chiba T. Characterization of mesendoderm: a diverging point of the definitive endoderm and mesoderm in embryonic stem cell differentiation culture. Development 2005, 132(19):4363-4374.
123. Takahashi K., Tanabe K., Ohnuki M., Narita M., Ichisaka T., Tomoda K., Yamanaka S. Induction of pluripotent stem cells from adult human fibroblasts by defined factors. Cell 2007, 131(5):861-872.
124. Takamizawa J., Konishi H., Yanagisawa K., Tomida S., Osada H., Endoh H., Harano T., Yatabe Y., Nagino M., Nimura Y., Mitsudomi T., Takahashi T. Reduced expression of the let-7 microRNAs in human lung cancers in association with shortened postoperative survival. Cancer Res. 2004, 64(11):3753-3756.
125. Takaya T., Ono K., Kawamura T., Takanabe R., Kaichi S., Morimoto T., Wada H., Kita T., Shimatsu A., Hasegawa K. MicroRNA-1 and microRNA-133 in spontaneous myocardial differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Circ. J. 2009, 73(8):1492-1497.
126. Tang X., Muniappan L., Tang G., Ozcan S. Identification of glucose-regulated miRNAs from pancreatic {beta} cells reveals a role for miR-30d in insulin transcription. RNA 2009, 15(2):287-293.
127. Toker A., Newton A.C. Cellular signaling: pivoting around PDK-1. Cell 2000, 103(2):185-188.
128. Tsai Z.Y., Singh S., Yu S.L., Kao L.P., Chen B.Z., Ho B.C., Yang P.C., Li S.S. Identification of microRNAs regulated by activin A in human embryonic stem cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 2010, 109(1):93-102.
129. Tsukamoto Y., Nakada C., Noguchi T., Tanigawa M., Nguyen L.T., Uchida T., Hijiya N., Matsuura K., Fujioka T., Seto M., Moriyama M. MicroRNA-375 is downregulated in gastric carcinomas and regulates cell survival by targeting PDK1 and 14-3-3zeta. Cancer Res. 2010, 70(6):2339-2349.
130. Tzur G., Levy A., Meiri E., Barad O., Spector Y., Bentwich Z., Mizrahi L., Katzenellenbogen M., Ben-Shushan E., Reubinoff B.E., Galun E. MicroRNA expression patterns and function in endodermal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2008, 3(11):e3726.
131. Ventura A., Young A.G., Winslow M.M., Lintault L., Meissner A., Erkeland S.J., Newman J., Bronson R.T., Crowley D., Stone J.R., Jaenisch R., Sharp P.A., Jacks T. Targeted deletion reveals essential and overlapping functions of the miR-17 through 92 family of miRNA clusters. Cell 2008, 132(5):875-886.
132. Wang J., Cao N., Yuan M., Cui H., Tang Y., Qin L.J., Huang X., Shen N., Yang H. MicroRNA-125b/Lin28 pathway contributes to the mesendodermal fate decision of embryonic stem cells. Stem Cells Dev. 2012.
133. Wang Y., Baskerville S., Shenoy A., Babiarz J.E., Baehner L., Blelloch R. Embryonic stem cell-specific microRNAs regulate the G1-S transition and promote rapid proliferation. Nat. Genet. 2008, 40(12):1478-1483.
134. Wang Y., Medvid R., Melton C., Jaenisch R., Blelloch R. DGCR8 is essential for microRNA biogenesis and silencing of embryonic stem cell self-renewal. Nat. Genet. 2007, 39(3):380-385.
135. Wang Z., Lin S., Li J.J., Xu Z., Yao H., Zhu X., Xie D., Shen Z., Sze J., Li K., Lu G., Chan D.T., Poon W.S., Kung H.F., Lin M.C. MYC protein inhibits transcription of the microRNA cluster MC-let-7a-1~let-7d via noncanonical E-box. J. Biol. Chem. 2011, 286(46):39703-39714.
136. Wienholds E., Kloosterman W.P., Miska E., Alvarez-Saavedra E., Berezikov E., de Bruijn E., Horvitz H.R., Kauppinen S., Plasterk R.H. MicroRNA expression in zebrafish embryonic development. Science 2005, 309(5732):310-311.
137. Xu N., Papagiannakopoulos T., Pan G., Thomson J.A., Kosik K.S. MicroRNA-145 regulates OCT4, SOX2, and KLF4 and represses pluripotency in human embryonic stem cells. Cell 2009, 137(4):647-658.
138. Yamakuchi M., Ferlito M., Lowenstein C.J. miR-34a repression of SIRT1 regulates apoptosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 2008, 105(36):13421-13426.
139. Yamakuchi M., Lowenstein C.J. MiR-34, SIRT1 and p53: the feedback loop. Cell Cycle 2009, 8(5):712-715.
140. Yu J., Chau F.K., Vodyanik M.A., Jiang J., Jiang Y. Efficient feeder-free episomal reprogramming with small molecules. PLoS One 2011, 6(3):e17557.
141. Yu J., Li A., Hong S.M., Hruban R.H., Goggins M. MicroRNA alterations of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias. Clin. Cancer Res. 2012, 18(4):981-992.
142. Zhang Z.W., Zhang L.Q., Ding L., Wang F., Sun Y.J., An Y., Zhao Y., Li Y.H., Teng C.B. MicroRNA-19b downregulates insulin 1 through targeting transcription factor NeuroD1. FEBS Lett. 2011, 585(16):2592-2598.
143. Zhao B., Tumaneng K., Guan K.L. The Hippo pathway in organ size control, tissue regeneration and stem cell self-renewal. Nat. Cell Biol. 2011, 13(8):877-883.
144. Zhao H., Zhu L., Jin Y., Ji H., Yan X., Zhu X. miR-375 is highly expressed and possibly transactivated by achaete-scute complex homolog 1 in small-cell lung cancer cells. Acta Biochim. Biophys. Sin. (Shanghai) 2012, 44(2):177-182.
145. Zhong X., Li N., Liang S., Huang Q., Coukos G., Zhang L. Identification of microRNAs regulating reprogramming factor LIN28 in embryonic stem cells and cancer cells. J. Biol. Chem. 2010, 285(53):41961-41971.
146. Zhou A.D., Diao L.T., Xu H., Xiao Z.D., Li J.H., Zhou H., Qu L.H. beta-Catenin/LEF1 transactivates the microRNA-371-373 cluster that modulates the Wnt/beta-catenin-signaling pathway. Oncogene 2011.
147. Zovoilis A., Smorag L., Pantazi A., Engel W. Members of the miR-290 cluster modulate in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Differentiation 2009, 78(2-3):69-78.