Chemoprophylaxis of neonatal fungal infections in very low birthweight infants: Efficacy and safety of fluconazole and nystatin

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health

Volumn 48, Issue 9, 2012, Pages 846-851

  Blyth, Christopher C ^a,b   Barzi, Federica ^c,d   Hale, Katherine ^d   Isaacs, David ^c,d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b PRINCESS MARGARET HOSPITAL FOR CHILDREN   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY   (Australia)

^d CHILDREN S HOSPITAL AT WESTMEAD   (Australia)

Author keywords

antifungal; Candida; fluconazole; neonatal fungal infection; nystatin

Indexed keywords

FLUCONAZOLE; NYSTATIN; PLACEBO;

CHEMOPROPHYLAXIS; COCHRANE LIBRARY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; HUMAN; INFECTION PREVENTION; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; MORTALITY; NEONATAL INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTION; NEWBORN INFECTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; SYSTEMIC MYCOSIS; VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT;

ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; FLUCONAZOLE; HUMANS; INFANT, NEWBORN; INFANT, VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT; MYCOSES; NYSTATIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 84866250716     PISSN: 10344810     EISSN: 14401754     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02543.x     Document Type: Review

References (29)

1. Blyth CC, Chen SC, Slavin MA, et al,. Not just little adults: candidemia epidemiology, molecular characterization, and antifungal susceptibility in neonatal and pediatric patients. Pediatrics 2009; 123: 1360-8.
2. Baley JE, Kliegman RM, Fanaroff AA,. Disseminated fungal infections in very low birth-weight infants: clinical manifestations and epidemiology. Pediatrics 1984; 73: 144-52.
3. Weese-Mayer DE, Fondriest DW, Brouilette RT, Shulman ST,. Risk factors associated with candidemia in the neonatal intensive care unit: a case-control study. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 1987; 6: 190-6.
4. Benjamin DK Jr, Stoll BJ, Fanaroff AA, et al,. Neonatal candidiasis among extremely low birth weight infants: risk factors, mortality rates, and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 84-92.
5. Faix RG, Kovarik SM, Shaw TR, Johnson RV,. Mucocutaneous and invasive candidiasis among very low birth weight (<1500 grams) infants in intensive care nurseries: a prospective study. Pediatrics 1989; 83: 101-7.
6. Saiman L, Ludington E, Pfaller M, et al,. Risk factors for candidemia in neonatal intensive care unit patients: the National Epidemiology of Mycosis Survey Study Group. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 2000; 19: 319-24.
7. Farmaki E, Evdoridou J, Pouliou T, et al,. Fungal colonization in the neonatal intensive care unit: risk factors, drug susceptibility, and association with invasive fungal infections. Am. J. Perinatol. 2007; 24: 127-35.
8. Manzoni P, Farina D, Galletto P, et al,. Type and number of sites colonized by fungi and risk of progression to invasive fungal infection in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care unit. J. Perinat. Med. 2007; 35: 220-6.
9. Clerihew L, Austin N, McGuire W,. Prophylactic systemic antifungal agents to prevent mortality and morbidity in very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2007; 4: CD003850. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003850.pub3.
10. Austin N, Darlow BA, McGuire W,. Prophylactic oral/topical non-absorbed antifungal agents to prevent invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2009; 4: CD003478. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003478.pub3.
11. Aydemir C, Oguz SS, Dizdar EA, et al,. Randomised controlled trial of prophylactic fluconazole versus nystatin for the prevention of fungal colonisation and invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2011; 96: F164-8.
12. Violaris K, Carbone D, Bateman D, Olawepo O, Doraiswamy B, LaCorte M,. Comparison of fluconazole and nystatin oral suspensions for prophylaxis of systemic fungal infection in very low birth weight infants. Am. J. Perinatol. 2010; 27: 73-8.
13. Higgins JPT, Green S,. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions, Version 5.1.0. Cochrane Collaboration. 2011. Available from: http://www.cochrane-handbook.org/[accessed 7 November 2011]
14. Kaufman D, Boyle R, Hazen KC, Patrie JT, Robinson M, Donowitz LG,. Fluconazole prophylaxis against fungal colonization and infection in preterm infants. N. Engl. J. Med. 2001; 345: 1660-6.
15. Kicklighter SD, Springer SC, Cox T, Hulsey TC, Turner RB,. Fluconazole for prophylaxis against Candidal rectal colonization in the very low birth weight infant. Pediatrics 2001; 107: 293-8.
16. Cabrera C, Frank M, Carter D, Bhatia J,. Fluconazole prophylaxis against systemic candidiasis after colonization: a randomized, double-blinded study. J. Perinatol. 2002; 22: 604.
17. Manzoni P, Stolfi I, Pugni L, et al,. A multicenter, randomized trial of prophylactic fluconazole in preterm neonates. N. Engl. J. Med. 2007; 356: 2483-95.
18. Parikh TB, Nanavati RN, Patankar CV, et al,. Fluconazole prophylaxis against fungal colonization and invasive fungal infection in very low birth weight infants. Indian Pediatr. 2007; 44: 830-7.
19. Sims ME, Yoo Y, You H, Salminen C, Walther FJ,. Prophylactic oral nystatin and fungal infections in very-low-birthweight infants. Am. J. Perinatol. 1988; 5: 33-6.
20. Ozturk MA, Gunes T, Kokiu E, Cetin N, Koc N,. Oral nystatin prophylaxis to prevent invasive candidiasis in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Mycoses 2006; 49: 484-92.
21. Howell A, Isaacs D, Halliday R,. Neonatal fungal infections in very low birth weight infants in Australia and New Zealand 1993-2006. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2009; 94: F429-33.
22. Clerihew L, Austin N, McGuire W,. Systemic antifungal prophylaxis for very-low-birth-weight infants: systematic review. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2008; 93: F198-200.
23. Uko S, Soghier LM, Vega M, et al,. Targeted short-term fluconazole prophylaxis among very low birth weight and extremely low birth weight infants. Pediatrics 2006; 117: 1243-52.
24. McCrossan BA, McHenry E, O'Neill F, Ong G, Sweet DG,. Selective fluconazole prophylaxis in high-risk babies to reduce invasive fungal infection. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2007; 92: F454-8.
25. Isaacs D,. Fungal prophylaxis in very low birth weight neonates: nystatin, fluconazole or nothing? Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. 2008; 21: 246-50.
26. Benjamin DK, Jr,. First do no harm. Pediatrics 2008; 121: 831-2.
27. Kaufman DA,. Challenging issues in neonatal candidiasis. Curr. Med. Res. Opin. 2010; 26: 1769-78.
28. Schäfer-Korting M, Blechschmidt J, Korting HC,. Clinical use of oral nystatin in the prevention of systemic candidosis in patients at particular risk. Mycoses 1996; 39: 329-39.
29. Ganesan K, Harigopal S, Neal T, Yoxall CW,. Prophylactic oral nystatin for preterm babies under 33 weeks' gestation decreases fungal colonisation and invasive fungaemia. Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2009; 94: 275-8.