Phase separation and morphology development in a thermoplastic-modified toughened epoxy

European Polymer Journal

Volumn 48, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1660-1673

  Rico, Maite ^a   López, Joaquín ^a   Montero, Belén ^a   Bellas, Rosa ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF A CORUÑA   (Spain)

Author keywords

Degree of crosslinking; Morphology; Polymerization induced phase separation; Thermoplastic thermoset blends

Indexed keywords

CROSS-LINKED POLYMERS; CROSS-LINKING DEGREE; DEGREE OF CROSS-LINKING; EPOXY SYSTEMS; LINEAR POLYMERS; MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT; POLYMERIZATION TEMPERATURE; POLYMERIZATION-INDUCED PHASE SEPARATION; THERMOPLASTIC-THERMOSET BLENDS; TOUGHENED EPOXIES;

CROSSLINKING; PHASE SEPARATION; POLYMER BLENDS; POLYMERIZATION; POLYMERS; POLYSTYRENES; REINFORCED PLASTICS; THERMOSETS;

MORPHOLOGY;

EID: 84866094984     PISSN: 00143057     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2012.07.007     Document Type: Review

References (30)

1. R.J.J. Williams, B.A. Rozenberg, and J.P. Pascault Advances in polymer science Polymer Analysis, Polymer Physics vol. 128 1997 Springer Germany p. 95-156
2. J.P. Pascault, and R.J.J. Williams Polymer Blends D.R. Paul, C.B. Bucknall, Formulation vol. 1 2000 Wiley New York 379 415 Chapter 13
3. J. López, C. Ramírez, M.J. Abad, L. Barral, J. Cano, and F.J. Díez Blends of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene with an epoxy/cycloaliphatic amine resin: phase-separation behaviour and morphologies J Appl Polym Sci 85 2002 1277 1286
4. I.A. Zucchi, M.J. Galante, and R.J.J. Williams Comparison of morphologies and mechanical properties of crosslinked epoxies modified by polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate)) or by the corresponding block copolymer polystyrene-b-poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymer 46 2005 2603 2609
5. M.G. Prolongo, C. Arribas, C. Salom, and R.M. Masegosa Mechanical properties and morphology of epoxy/poly(vinyl acetate)/poly(4-vinyl phenol) brominated system J Therm Anal Calorim 87 1 2007 33 39
6. W.F. Schroeder, J. Borrajo, and M.I. Aranguren Poly(methyl methacrylate)-modified vinyl ester thermosets: morphology, volume shrinkage, and mechanical properties J Appl Polym Sci 106 2007 4007 4017
7. E.R. Soulé, G.E. Eliçabe, J. Borrajo, and R.J.J. Williams Analysis of the phase separation induced by a free-radical polymerization in solutions of polyisobutylene in isobornyl methacrylate Ind Eng Chem Res 46 2007 7535 7542
8. W.F. Schroeder, M.J. Yáñez, M.I. Aranguren, and J. Borrajo PMMA-modified divinylester/styrene resins: phase diagrams and morphologies J Appl Polym Sci 100 2006 4539 4549
9. D. Chen, J.P. Pascault, H. Sautereau, R.A. Ruseckaite, and R.J.J. Williams Rubber-modified epoxies: III. Influence of the rubber molecular weight on the phase separation process Polym Int 33 1994 253 261
10. P.M. Stefani, C.C. Riccardi, P.M. Remiro, and I. Mondragón Morphology profiles generated by temperature gradient in PMMA modified epoxy system Polym Eng Sci 41 11 2001 2013 2021
11. P.M. Remiro, C. Marieta, C.C. Riccardi, and I. Mondragon Influence of curing conditions on the morphologies of a PMMA-modified epoxy matrix Polymer 42 2001 9909 9914
12. E. Girard-Reydet, V. Vicard, J.P. Pascault, and H. Sautereau Polyetherimide-modified epoxy networks: influence of cure conditions on morphology and mechanical properties J Appl Polym Sci 65 1997 2433 2445
13. M.L. Auad, J. Borrajo, and M.I. Aranguren Morphology of rubber-modified vinyl ester resins cured at different temperatures J Appl Polym Sci 89 2003 274 283
14. J.W. Park, and S.C. Kim IPNs Around the World S.C. Kim, L.H. Sperling, Science and Engineering 1997 John Wiley & Sons Chichester 27 Chapter 2
15. M. Rico, J. López, C. Ramírez, C. Díez, and B. Montero Phase diagram of different epoxy-amine precursors modified with a thermoplastic: effect of structure of epoxy-amine system on miscibility Polymer 50 2009 569 577
16. M. Rico, J. López, B. Montero, C. Ramírez, and R. Bouza Thermodynamic analysis of polymerization-induced phase separation of a polystyrene in epoxy/monoamine-diamine systems. Effect of monoamine-diamine proportion on the phase diagram Eur Polym J 47 2011 1676 1685
17. D. Verchere, J.P. Pascault, H. Sautereau, S.M. Moschiar, C.C. Riccardi, and R.J.J. Williams Rubber-modified epoxies. II. Influence of the cure schedule and rubber concentration on the generated morphology J Appl Polym Sci 42 1991 701 716
18. S. Montarnal, J.P. Pascault, and H. Sautereau Rubber-Toughened Plastics C.K. Riew, Advances in Chemistry Series 222 1989 American Chemical Society Washington DC 193 Chapter 8
19. P.A. Oyanguren, C.C. Riccardi, R.J.J. Williams, and I. Mondragon Phase separation induced by a chain polymerization: polysulfone-modified epoxy/anhydride systems J Polym Sci, Part B: Polym Phys 36 1998 1349 1359
20. M.J. Galante, J. Borrajo, R.J.J. Williams, E. Girard-Reydet, and J.P. Pascault Double phase separation induced by polymerization in ternary blends of epoxies with polystyrene and poly(methyl methacrylate) Macromolecules 34 2001 2686 2694
21. D. Verchère, H. Sautereau, J.P. Pascault, S.M. Moschiar, C.C. Riccardi, and R.J.J. Williams Toughened Plastics I C.K. Riew, A.J. Kinloch, Advances in Chemistry Series 233 1993 American Chemical Society Washington, DC 335 Chapter 14
22. D. Verchère, H. Sautereau, J.P. Pascault, S.M. Moschiar, C.C. Riccardi, and R.J.J. Williams Rubber-modified epoxies: analysis of the phase separation process Polym Mater Sci Eng 63 1990 99 103
23. I.A. Zucchi, M.J. Galante, J. Borrajo, and R.J.J. Williams Thermodynamic analysis of the reaction-induced phase separation in model systems based on blends of a rubber in diepoxide/monoamine precursors Macromol Symp 198 2003 295 307
24. Z.Q. Cao, F. Mechin, and J.P. Pascault Toughened Plastics II C.K. Riew, A.J. Kinloch, Advances in Chemistry Series 252 1996 American Chemical Society Washington DC 177 Chapter 13
25. S. Poncet, G. Boiteux, J.P. Pascault, H. Sautereau, G. Seytre, and J. Rogozinski Monitoring phase separation and reaction advancement in situ in thermoplastic/epoxy blends Polymer 40 1999 6811 6820
26. L.T. Manzione, J.K. Gillham, and C.A. McPherson Rubber-modified epoxies. I. Transitions and morphology J Appl Polym Sci 26 3 1981 889 905
27. L.T. Manzione, J.K. Gillham, and C.A. McPherson Rubber-modified epoxies. II. Morphology and mechanical properties J Appl Polym Sci 26 3 1981 907 919
28. MacKnight WJ, Karasz FE, Fried JR. Polymer Blends. In: Paul DR, Newman S, editors. Solid State Transition Behavior of Blends. vol. 1. San Diego: Academic Press, Inc; 1978. pp: 185-242. (Chapter 5).
29. C.E. Hoppe, M.J. Galante, P.A. Oyanguren, R.J.J. Williams, E. Girard-Reydet, and J.P. Pascault Transparent multiphasic polystyrene/epoxy blends Polym Eng Sci 42 12 2002 2361 2368
30. E. Girard-Reydet, A. Sévignon, J.P. Pascault, C.E. Hoppe, M.J. Galante, and P.A. Oyanguren Influence of the addition of polystyrene-block- poly(methyl methacrylate) copolymer (PS-b-PMMA) on the morphologies generated by reaction-induced phase separation in PS/PMMA/epoxy blends Macromol Chem Phys 203 2002 947 952