Mercury-based traditional herbo-metallic preparations: A toxicological perspective

Archives of Toxicology

Volumn 86, Issue 6, 2012, Pages 831-838

  Kamath, Sushant U ^a   Pemiah, Brindha ^a   Sekar, Rajan K ^a   Krishnaswamy, Sridharan ^a   Sethuraman, Swaminathan ^a   Krishnan, Uma Maheswari ^a  

^a SASTRA UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Cinnabar; Herbo metallic preparations; Mercuric sulfide; Mercury; Rasasindura

Indexed keywords

HERBACEOUS AGENT; MERCURY; MERCURY SULFIDE; METHYLMERCURY;

AYURVEDA; CHINESE MEDICINE; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG EFFECT; DRUG MEGADOSE; DRUG MIXTURE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; GOLD STANDARD; GRINDING; HUMAN; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; LOW DRUG DOSE; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASE; NEUROTOXICITY; NONHUMAN; OTOTOXICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PURIFICATION; QUALITY CONTROL; REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; SELF MEDICATION; TOXICITY TESTING; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE; TRANQUILIZING ACTIVITY; TREATMENT DURATION;

ANTIDOTES; HUMANS; MEDICINE, TRADITIONAL; MERCURY COMPOUNDS; MERCURY POISONING; PHARMACOVIGILANCE; PLANT EXTRACTS;

EID: 84866026658     PISSN: 03405761     EISSN: 14320738     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0826-2     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Albers JW, Kallenbach LE, Fine LJ, Langolf GD, Wolfe RA, Donofrio PD et al (1988) Neurological abnormalities associated with remote occupational elemental mercury exposure. Ann Neurol 24:651-659
2. Belle LP, De Bona KS, Abdalla FH, Pimentel VC, Pigatto AS, Moretto MB (2009) Comparative evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity in cerebral cortex and hippocampus of young and adult rats: effect of garlic extract (Allium sativum L.) on their susceptibility to heavy metal exposure. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 104:408-415
3. Bridges CC, Zalups RK (2005) Molecular and ionic mimicry and the transport of toxic metals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 204:274-308
4. Chandramouli R, Thirunarayanan Mukeshbabu, Sriram R (2010) Designing toxicological evaluation of Ayurveda and Siddha products to cater to global compliance-current practical and regulatory perspectives. J Pharm Sci Res 2:867-877
5. Chuu JJ, Liu SH, Shiau SYL (2001) Effects of methyl mercury, mercuric sulfide and cinnabar on active avoidance responses, Na /K -ATPase activities and tissue mercury contents in rats. Proc Natl Sci Counc ROC(B) 25:128-136
6. Chuu JJ, Liu SH, Shiau SYL (2007) Differential neurotoxic effects of methyl mercury and mercuric sulfide in rats. Toxicol Lett 169:109-120
7. Dutt UC (1877) The materia medica of the hindus. Thacker, Spink, Calcutta
8. Flora SJS, Mehta A, Gupta R (2009) Prevention of arsenic-induced hepatic apoptosis by concomitant administration of garlic extracts in mice. Chem Biol Interact 177:227-233
9. Graeme KA, Pollack CV (1998) Heavy metal toxicity, part I: arsenic and mercury. J Emerg Med 16:45-56
10. Ho BSJ, Lin JL, Huang CC, Tsai YH, Lin MC (2003) Mercury vapour inhalation from Chinese red (Cinnabar). J Toxicol ClinToxicol 41:75-78
11. Huang CF, Hsu CJ, Liu SH, Shiau SYL (2008) Ototoxicity induced by cinnabar (a naturally occurring HgS) in mice through oxidative stress and down-regulated Na /K -ATPase activities. NeuroToxicol 29:386-396
12. Hung OL, Shih RD, Chiang WK, Nelson LS, Hoffman RS, Goldfrank LR (1997) Herbal preparation use among urban emergency department patients. Acad Emerg Med 4:209-213
13. Kew J, Morris C, Aihie A, Fysh R, Jones S, Brooks D (1993) Arsenic and mercury intoxication due to Indian ethnic remedies. Br Med J 306:506-507
14. Klaassen CD (2001) Heavy metals and heavy-metal antagonists. In: Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG (eds) The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. McGraw-Hill, New York
15. Kumar A, Nair AGC, Reddy AVR, Garg AN (2006) Bhasmas: unique Ayurvedic metallic-herbal preparations, chemical characterization. Biol Trace Elem Res 109:231-254
16. Lavekar GS, Ravishankar B, Gaidhani S, Shukla VJ, Ashok BK, Padhi MM (2010) Mahayograj guggulu: heavy metal estimation and safety studies. Int J Ayurveda Res 1:150-158
17. Liu J, Shi JZ, Yu LM, Goyer RA, Waalkes MP (2008) Mercury in traditional medicines: is cinnabar toxicologically similar to common mercurials? Exp Biol Med 33:810-817
18. Meriam JL, Kraige LG (1986) Engineering mechanics Vol 2: dynamics. Wiley, New York
19. Niir Board of consultants and Engineers (2003) Handbook of Unani medicines with formulae, processes, uses and analysis. Asia Pacific Business Press, Delhi
20. Paul S, Chugh A (2011) Assessing the role of Ayurvedic 'Bhasms' as ethno-medicine in the metal based nanomedicine patent regime. J Intell Prop 16:509-515
21. Saper RB, Phillips RS, Sehgal A (2008) Lead, mercury and arsenic in US-and Indian-manufactured Ayurvedic medicines sold via the internet. J Am Med Assoc 300:915-923
22. Sarkar PK, Das S, Prajapati PK (2010) Ancient concept of metal pharmacology based on Ayurvedic literature.Ancient SciLife 29:1-6
23. Sathya TN, Murthy B, Vardhini NV (2009) Genotoxicity evaluation of certain Bhasmas using micronucleus and comet assays. Internet J of Altern Med 7
24. Selvaraj S, Krishnaswamy S, Devashya V, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM (2011) Investigations on membrane perturbation by chrysin and its copper complex using self assembled lipid bilayers. Langmuir 27:13374-13382
25. Selvaraj S, Krishnaswamy S, Devashya V, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM (2012) Synthesis, characterization and DNA binding properties of rutin-iron complex. RSC Advances 1-6
26. Shastri RSV (1962) Aushadi yoga sangraha. Trichy Ayurveda Unani, Tiruchirapalli
27. Singh SK, Chaudhary A, Rai DK, Rai SB (2009) Preparation and characterization of a mercury based indian traditional drug Ras-Sindoor. Indian J Trad Knowl 8:346-351
28. Swamy GYSK, Ravikumar K (2010) Characterization of Indian Ayurvedic herbal medicines for their metal concentrations using WD-XRF spectrometry. X-Ray Spectrom 39:216-220
29. Tontisirin K, Nantel G, Bhattacharjee L (2002) Food-based strategies to meet the challenges of micronutrient malnutrition in the developing world. Proc Nutr Soc 61:243-250
30. Upadhyay PS, Kumar M, Singh BM (2008) An experimental study on shvasa-kasa-chintamani-rasa. J Res Educ Indian Med 2:21-26
31. Wang Q, Yang X, Zhang B, Yang X, Wang K (2007) The anxiolytic effect of cinnabar involves changes of serotonin levels. Euro J Pharmacol 565:132-137
32. Wu Q, Lu YF, Shi JZ, Liang SX, Shi JS, Liu J (2011) Chemical form of metals in traditional medicines underlines potential toxicity in cell cultures. J Ethnopharmacol 134:839-843
33. Yen CC, Liu SH, Chen WK, Lin RH, Lin-Shiau SY (2002) Tissue distribution of different mercurial compounds analyzed by the improved FI-CVAAS. J Anal Toxicol 26:286-295
34. Young YH, Chuu JJ, Liu SH, Shiau-Lin SY (2002) Neurotoxic mechanism of cinnabar and mercuric sulfide on the vestibuloocular reflex system of guinea pigs. Toxicol Sci 67:256-263
35. Zang CX, Lippard SJ (2003) New metal complexes as potential therapeutics. Curr Opin Chem Biol 7:481-489
36. Zhou X, Wang L, Suna X, Yang X, Chen C, Wang Q, Yang X (2010) Cinnabar is not converted into methyl mercury by human intestinal bacteria. J Ethnopharmacol 135:110-115