Examination of mortality rates in a retrospective cohort of patients treated with oral or implant naltrexone for problematic opiate use

Addiction

Volumn 107, Issue 10, 2012, Pages 1817-1824

  Kelty, Erin ^a,b   Hulse, Gary ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA   (Australia)

^b Fresh Start Recovery Programme   (Australia)

Author keywords

Mortality; Naltrexone; Opiates; Overdose death

Indexed keywords

NALTREXONE; NARCOTIC ANALGESIC AGENT; NARCOTIC ANTAGONIST;

ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; CAUSE OF DEATH; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DRUG IMPLANT; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; MORTALITY; OPIATE ADDICTION; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; SEX RATIO; SURVIVAL RATE;

ADMINISTRATION, ORAL; ADULT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; AGED; ANALGESICS, OPIOID; CAUSE OF DEATH; DRUG IMPLANTS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NALTREXONE; NARCOTIC ANTAGONISTS; OPIOID-RELATED DISORDERS; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SURVIVAL RATE; WESTERN AUSTRALIA; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 84866017710     PISSN: 09652140     EISSN: 13600443     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03910.x     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Miotto K., McCann M. J., Rawson R. A., Frosch D., Ling W. Overdose, suicide attempts and death among a cohort of naltrexone-treated opioid addicts. Drug Alcohol Depend 1997; 45: 131-4.
2. Bell J. R., Kimber J., Lintzeris N., Monheit B., Henry-Edwards S., Mattick R. P. etal. Clinical guidelines and procedures for the use of naltrexone in the management of opioid dependence. Department of Health and Ageing. Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia; 2003.
3. Gibson A., Degenhardt L. Mortality related to naltrexone in the treatment of opioid dependence: a comparative analysis. Report no.: 229. Sydney: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre; 2005.
4. Church S. H., Rothenberg J. L., Sullivan M. A., Bornstein G., Nunes E. V. Concurrent substance use and outcome in combined behavioural and naltrexone therapy for opiate dependence. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2001; 27: 441-52.
5. Ngo H. T. T., Tait R. J., Hulse G. K. Comparing drug-related hospital morbidity following heroin dependence treatment with methadone maintenance of naltrexone implantation. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2008; 65: 457-65.
6. Mendelson J. H., Ellingboe J., Keuhnle J. C., Mello N. K. Effects of naltrexone on mood and neuroendocrine function in normal adult males. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1978; 3: 231-6.
7. Degenhardt L., Bucello C., Mathers B., Briegleb C., Ali H., Hickman M. etal. Mortality among regular or dependent users of heroin and other opioids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Addiction 2011; 106: 32-51.
8. Cornish R., Macleod J., Strang J., Vickerman P., Hickman M. Risk of death during and after opiate substitution treatment in primary care: prospective observational study in UK General Practice Research Database. BMJ 2010; 341: c5475.
9. Degenhardt L., Randall D., Hall W., Law M., Butler T., Burns L. Mortality among clients of a state-wide opioid pharmacotherapy program over 20 years: risk factors and lives saved. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009; 105: 9-15.
10. Appel P. W., Joseph H., Richman B. L. Causes and rates of death among methadone maintenance patients before and after the onset of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Mt Sinai J Med 2000; 67: 444-51.
11. Digiusto E., Shakeshaft A., Ritter A., O'Brien S., Mattick R. P. Serious adverse events in the Australian National Evaluation of Pharmacotherapies for Opioid Dependence (NEPOD). Addiction 2004; 99: 450-60.
12. Gossop M., Stewart D., Treacy S., Marsden J. A prospective study of mortality among drug misusers during a 4-year period after seeking treatment. Addiction 2002; 97: 39-47.
13. Ritter A. Naltrexone in the treatment of heroin dependence: relationship with depression and risk of overdose. Aust NZ J Psychiatry 2002; 36: 224-8.
14. Comer S. D., Sullivan M. A., Hulse G. K. Sustained release naltrexone: novel treatment for opioid dependence. Exp Opin Invest Drugs 2007; 16: 1285-94.
15. Gibson A. E., Degenhardt L. J., Hall W. D. Opioid overdose deaths can occur in patients with naltrexone implants. Med J Aust 2007; 186: 152-3.
16. Wolfe D., Carrieri M. P., Dasgupt N., Wodak A., Newman R., Bruce R. D. Concerns about injectable naltrexone for opioid dependence [Letter]. Lancet 2011; 6736: 62056-9.
17. Wolfe D., Carrieri M. P., Dasgupta N., Wodak A., Newman R., Bruce R. D. Concerns about injectable naltrexone for opioid dependence. Lancet 2011; 377: 1468-70.
18. Bart G. Promise of extended-release naltrexone is a red herring. Lancet 2011; 378: 663-4.
19. Lintzeris N., Lee S., Scopelliti L., Mabbutt J., Haber P. S. Unplanned admissions to two Sydney public hospitals after naltrexone implants. Med J Aust 2008; 188: 441-4.
20. Ngo H. T. T., Arnold-Reed D. E., Hansson R. C., Tait R. J., Hulse G. K. Blood naltrexone levels over time following naltrexone implant. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008; 32: 23-8.
21. Hulse G., Morris N., Arnold-Reed D. E., Tait R. J. Improving clinical outcomes in treating heroin dependence: randomized controlled trial of oral or implant naltrexone. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2009; 66: 1108-15.
22. Hulse G. K., Tait R. J., Comer S. D., Sullivan M. A., Jacobs I. G., Arnold-Reed D. E. Reduced hospital presentation for opiate overdose in patients treated with sustained release naltrexone implants. Drug Alcohol Depend 2005; 79: 351-7.
23. Tait R. J., Ngo H. T. T., Hulse G. Mortality in heroin users 3 years after naltrexone implant or methadone maintenance treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat 2008; 35: 116-24.
24. Reece A. S. Favourable mortality profile of naltrexone implants for opiate addiction. J Addict Dis 2010; 29: 30-50.
25. Arnold-Reed D. E., Hulse G. K. A comparison of rapid (opioid) detoxification with clonidine-assisted detoxification for heroin dependent persons. J Opioid Manag 2005; 1: 17-23.
26. Hulse G. K., Arnold-Reed D. E., O'Neil G., Chan C.-T., Hansson R. Achieving long term continuous blood naltrexone and 6-beta-naltreol coverage following sequential naltrexone implants. Addict Biol 2004; 9: 65-70.
27. Australian demographic statistics, June 2010. In: Statistics ABo. Canberra: Australian Bureau of Statistics; 2010. Available at http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3101.0Jun%202010?OpenDocument (accessed 7 May 2012; archived by Webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/67U7urISW).
28. Goldberger B. A., Cone E. J., Grant T. M., Caplan Y. H., Levine B. S., Smialek J. E. Disposition of heroin and its metabolites in heroin-related deaths. J Anal Toxicol 1994; 18: 22-8.
29. Caplehorn J. R. M., Stella M., Dalton Y. N., Haldar F., Petrenas A.-M., Nisbet J. G. Methadone maintenance and addicts' risk of fatal heroin overdose. Subst Use Misuse 1996; 31: 177-96.
30. Degenhardt L., Randall D., Hall W., Law M., Butler T., Burns L. Mortality among clients of a state-wide opioid pharmacotherapy program over 20 years: risk factors and lives saved. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009; 105: 9-15.
31. Thom B. Risk-taking behaviour in men: substance use and gender. London: Health Development Agency; 2003, p. 20-8. Available at http://www.nice.org.uk/niceMedia/documents/men_at_risk_01-04-03.pdf (accessed 7 May 2012; archived by Webcite at http://www.webcitation.org/67U8Ss9Vq).
32. Preston K. L., Silverman K., Umbricht A., DeJesus A., Montoya I. D., Schuster C. R. Improvement in naltrexone treatment compliance with contingency management. Drug Alcohol Depend 1999; 54: 127-35.
33. Hulse G. K., Basso M. R. The association between naltrexone compliance and daily supervision. Drug Alcohol Rev 2000; 19: 41-8.
34. Cousins G., Teljeur C., Motterlini N., McCowan C., Dimitrov B. D., Fahey T. Risk of drug-related mortality during periods of transition in methadone maintenance treatment: a cohort study. J Subst Abuse Treat 2011; 41: 252-60.
35. Caplehorn J. R. M., Drummer O. H. Mortality associated with New South Wales methadone programs in 1994: lives lost and saved. Med J Aust 1999; 170: 104-9.
36. Bell J. R., Butler B., Lawrance A., Batey R., Salmelainen P. Comparing overdose mortality associated with methadone and buprenorphine treatment. Drug Alcohol Depend 2009; 104: 73-7.
37. Hulse G. K., Ngo H. T. T., Tait R. J. Risk factors for craving and relapse in heroin users treated with oral or implant naltrexone. Biol Psychiatry 2010; 68: 296-302.
38. Baselt R. C., Cravey R. H. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 6th edn. Foster City, CA: Biomedical Publications; 2002.
39. Darke S., Ross J. Suicide among heroin users: rates, risk factors and methods. Addiction 2002; 97: 1381-94.
40. Schifano F., Corkery J., Gilvarry E., Deluca P., Oyefeso A., Ghodse H. A. Buprenorphine mortality, seizure and prescription dat in the UK, 1980-2002. Hum Psychopharmacol 2005; 20: 343-8.