메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 82, Issue 2, 2012, Pages 139-152

Basic mechanisms of the new antiarrhythmic drugs in atrial fibrillation;Principios básicos de las nuevas estrategias farmacológicas antiarrítmicas en fibrilación auricular

Author keywords

Antiarrhythmic drugs; Atrial fibrillation; Atrial remodeling; Dronedarone; Ion currents; Rotors; Spain

Indexed keywords

ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT;

EID: 84865808712     PISSN: 14059940     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (2)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0346613575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: Population-based estimates
    • Kannel WB, Wolf PA, Benjamin EJ, et al. Prevalence, incidence, prognosis, and predisposing conditions for atrial fibrillation: population-based estimates. Am J Cardiol 1998;82:2N-9N.
    • (1998) Am J Cardiol , vol.82
    • Kannel, W.B.1    Wolf, P.A.2    Benjamin, E.J.3
  • 2
    • 0035832261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: National implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: The AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study
    • Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA 2001;285:2370-2375.
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , pp. 2370-2375
    • Go, A.S.1    Hylek, E.M.2    Phillips, K.A.3
  • 3
    • 84865817063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repercusión de la fibrilación auricular: Epidemiología e impacto clínicoeconómico
    • Merino JL, Doiny D, Estrada A, et al. Repercusión de la fibrilación auricular: Epidemiología e impacto clínicoeconómico. RIA 2011;1:246-258.
    • (2011) RIA , vol.1 , pp. 246-258
    • Merino, J.L.1    Doiny, D.2    Estrada, A.3
  • 4
    • 77949363566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recientes avances en la fisiopatología de la fibrilación auricular
    • Marquez MF, Gomez-Flores J, Aranda-Faustro A, et al. Recientes avances en la fisiopatología de la fibrilación auricular. Arch Cardiol Mex 2009;79 Suppl 2:18-25.
    • (2009) Arch Cardiol Mex , vol.79 , Issue.2 SUPPL. , pp. 18-25
    • Marquez, M.F.1    Gomez-Flores, J.2    Aranda-Faustro, A.3
  • 5
    • 33645729137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiarr-hythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
    • Lafuente-Lafuente C, Mouly S, Longas-Tejero MA, et al. Antiarr-hythmic drugs for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Arch Intern Med 2006;166:719-28.
    • (2006) Arch Intern Med , vol.166 , pp. 719-728
    • Lafuente-Lafuente, C.1    Mouly, S.2    Longas-Tejero, M.A.3
  • 6
    • 45549094153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure
    • Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, McMurray JJ, et al. Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2678-2687.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 2678-2687
    • Kober, L.1    Torp-Pedersen, C.2    McMurray, J.J.3
  • 7
    • 0029099346 scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation. A study in awake chronically instrumented goats
    • Wijffels MC, Kirchhof CJ, Dorland R, et al. Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation. A study in awake chronically instrumented goats. Circulation 1995;92:1954-1968.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.92 , pp. 1954-1968
    • Wijffels, M.C.1    Kirchhof, C.J.2    Dorland, R.3
  • 8
    • 0028900208 scopus 로고
    • Chronic rapid atrial pacing. Structural, functional, and electrophysiological characteristics of a new model of sustained atrial fibrillation
    • Morillo CA, Klein GJ, Jones DL, et al. Chronic rapid atrial pacing. Structural, functional, and electrophysiological characteristics of a new model of sustained atrial fibrillation. Circulation 1995;91:1588-1595.
    • (1995) Circulation , vol.91 , pp. 1588-1595
    • Morillo, C.A.1    Klein, G.J.2    Jones, D.L.3
  • 9
    • 34250701540 scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation as a self-sustaining arrhythmia independent of focal discharge
    • Moe GK, Abildskov JA. Atrial fibrillation as a self-sustaining arrhythmia independent of focal discharge. Am Heart J 1959;58:59-70.
    • (1959) Am Heart J , vol.58 , pp. 59-70
    • Moe, G.K.1    Abildskov, J.A.2
  • 11
    • 84865824986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Por qué es la Aurícula Izquierda tan Importante en el Mecanismo de la Fibrilación Auricular Crónica
    • Jalife J. ¿Por qué es la Aurícula Izquierda tan Importante en el Mecanismo de la Fibrilación Auricular Crónica? RIA 2009;1:3-26.
    • (2009) RIA , Issue.1 , pp. 3-26
    • Jalife, J.1
  • 12
    • 0043164986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraatrial pressure increases rate and organization of waves emanating from the superior pulmonary veins during atrial fibrillation
    • Kalifa J, Jalife J, Zaitsev AV, et al. Intraatrial pressure increases rate and organization of waves emanating from the superior pulmonary veins during atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2003;108:668-671.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 668-671
    • Kalifa, J.1    Jalife, J.2    Zaitsev, A.V.3
  • 13
    • 78751619042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms Underlying Atrial Fibrillation
    • In: Charles Antzelevitch, ed., Philadelphia, USA. Saunders
    • David Filgueiras Rama, José Jalife. Mechanisms Underlying Atrial Fibrillation. In: Charles Antzelevitch, ed. Basic Science for Clinical Electrophysiologist. Philadelphia, USA. Saunders. 2011. 141-156.
    • (2011) Basic Science For Clinical Electrophysiologist , pp. 141-156
    • Rama, D.F.1    Jalife, J.2
  • 14
    • 67549141570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of stretch-induced atrial fibrillation in the presence and the absence of adrenocholinergic stimulation: Interplay between rotors and focal discharges
    • Yamazaki M, Vaquero LM, Hou L, et al. Mechanisms of stretch-induced atrial fibrillation in the presence and the absence of adrenocholinergic stimulation: interplay between rotors and focal discharges. Heart Rhythm 2009;6:1009-1017.
    • (2009) Heart Rhythm , vol.6 , pp. 1009-1017
    • Yamazaki, M.1    Vaquero, L.M.2    Hou, L.3
  • 15
    • 0015894753 scopus 로고
    • Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of trachycardia
    • Allessie MA, Bonke FI, Schopman FJ. Circus movement in rabbit atrial muscle as a mechanism of trachycardia. Circ Res 1973;33:54-62.
    • (1973) Circ Res , vol.33 , pp. 54-62
    • Allessie, M.A.1    Bonke, F.I.2    Schopman, F.J.3
  • 16
    • 58049185304 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial septopulmonary bundle of the posterior left atrium provides a substrate for atrial fibrillation initiation in a model of vagally mediated pulmonary vein tachycardia of the structurally normal heart
    • Klos M, Calvo D, Yamazaki M, et al. Atrial septopulmonary bundle of the posterior left atrium provides a substrate for atrial fibrillation initiation in a model of vagally mediated pulmonary vein tachycardia of the structurally normal heart. CircArrhythmElectrophysiol 2008;1:175-183.
    • (2008) CircArrhythmElectrophysiol , vol.1 , pp. 175-183
    • Klos, M.1    Calvo, D.2    Yamazaki, M.3
  • 17
    • 0030045537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vortex shedding as a precursor of turbulent electrical activity in cardiac muscle
    • Cabo C, Pertsov AM, Davidenko JM, et al. Vortex shedding as a precursor of turbulent electrical activity in cardiac muscle. Biophys J 1996;70:1105-1111.
    • (1996) Biophys J , vol.70 , pp. 1105-1111
    • Cabo, C.1    Pertsov, A.M.2    Davidenko, J.M.3
  • 19
    • 33845424574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of inward rectifier potassium channels accelerates atrial fibrillation in humans: Evidence for a reentrant mechanism
    • Atienza F, Almendral J, Moreno J, et al. Activation of inward rectifier potassium channels accelerates atrial fibrillation in humans: evidence for a reentrant mechanism. Circulation 2006;114:2434-2442.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.114 , pp. 2434-2442
    • Atienza, F.1    Almendral, J.2    Moreno, J.3
  • 20
    • 0033836326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatially distributed dominant excitation frequencies reveal hidden organization in atrial fibrillation in the Langendorff-perfused sheep heart
    • Berenfeld O, Mandapati R, Dixit S, et al. Spatially distributed dominant excitation frequencies reveal hidden organization in atrial fibrillation in the Langendorff-perfused sheep heart. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2000;11:869-879.
    • (2000) J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol , vol.11 , pp. 869-879
    • Berenfeld, O.1    Mandapati, R.2    Dixit, S.3
  • 21
    • 33644853055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of wave fractionation at boundaries of high-frequency excitation in the posterior left atrium of the isolated sheep heart during atrial fibrillation
    • Kalifa J, Tanaka K, Zaitsev AV, et al. Mechanisms of wave fractionation at boundaries of high-frequency excitation in the posterior left atrium of the isolated sheep heart during atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2006;113:626-633.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 626-633
    • Kalifa, J.1    Tanaka, K.2    Zaitsev, A.V.3
  • 22
    • 19444364869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionic mechanisms of wavebreak in fibrillation
    • Jalife J, Pandit SV. Ionic mechanisms of wavebreak in fibrillation. Heart Rhythm 2005;2:660-663.
    • (2005) Heart Rhythm , vol.2 , pp. 660-663
    • Jalife, J.1    Pandit, S.V.2
  • 23
    • 23944480263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation termination by pure sodium channel blockade in an ionicallyrealistic mathematical model
    • Kneller J, Kalifa J, Zou R, et al. Mechanisms of atrial fibrillation termination by pure sodium channel blockade in an ionicallyrealistic mathematical model. Circ Res 2005;96:e35-47.
    • (2005) Circ Res , vol.96
    • Kneller, J.1    Kalifa, J.2    Zou, R.3
  • 24
    • 0028908379 scopus 로고
    • Intravenous flecainide versus amiodarone for recent-onset atrial fibrillation
    • Donovan KD, Power BM, Hockings BE, et al. Intravenous flecainide versus amiodarone for recent-onset atrial fibrillation. Am J Cardiol 1995;75:693-697.
    • (1995) Am J Cardiol , vol.75 , pp. 693-697
    • Donovan, K.D.1    Power, B.M.2    Hockings, B.E.3
  • 25
    • 0024321898 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary report: Effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators
    • Preliminary report: effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators. N Engl J Med 1989;321:406-412.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.321 , pp. 406-412
  • 26
    • 79960757657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiologic basis for the antiarrhythmic actions of ranolazine
    • Antzelevitch C, Burashnikov A, Sicouri S, et al. Electrophysiologic basis for the antiarrhythmic actions of ranolazine. Heartrhythm 2011;8:1281-1290.
    • (2011) Heartrhythm , vol.8 , pp. 1281-1290
    • Antzelevitch, C.1    Burashnikov, A.2    Sicouri, S.3
  • 27
    • 33644810948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mechanism of atrial antiarrhythmic action of RSD1235
    • Fedida D, Orth PM, Chen JY, et al. The mechanism of atrial antiarrhythmic action of RSD1235. J CardiovascElectrophysiol 2005;16:1227-1238.
    • (2005) J CardiovascElectrophysiol , vol.16 , pp. 1227-1238
    • Fedida, D.1    Orth, P.M.2    Chen, J.Y.3
  • 28
    • 0035824919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rectification of the background potassium current: A determinant of rotor dynamics in ventricular fibrillation
    • Samie FH, Berenfeld O, Anumonwo J, et al. Rectification of the background potassium current: a determinant of rotor dynamics in ventricular fibrillation. Circ Res 2001;89:1216-1223.
    • (2001) Circ Res , vol.89 , pp. 1216-1223
    • Samie, F.H.1    Berenfeld, O.2    Anumonwo, J.3
  • 29
    • 33845783755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Up-regulation of the inward rectifier K+ current (I K1) in the mouse heart accelerates and stabilizes rotors
    • Noujaim SF, Pandit SV, Berenfeld O, et al. Up-regulation of the inward rectifier K+ current (I K1) in the mouse heart accelerates and stabilizes rotors. J Physiol 2007;578:315-326.
    • (2007) J Physiol , vol.578 , pp. 315-326
    • Noujaim, S.F.1    Pandit, S.V.2    Berenfeld, O.3
  • 30
    • 79951885600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeting atrioventricular differences in ion channel properties for terminating acute atrial fibrillation in pigs
    • Pandit SV, Zlochiver S, Filgueiras-Rama D, et al. Targeting atrioventricular differences in ion channel properties for terminating acute atrial fibrillation in pigs. Cardiovasc Res 2011;89:843-851.
    • (2011) Cardiovasc Res , vol.89 , pp. 843-851
    • Pandit, S.V.1    Zlochiver, S.2    Filgueiras-Rama, D.3
  • 31
    • 78649856686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific residues of the cytoplasmic domains of cardiac inward rectifier potassium channels are effective antifibrillatory targets
    • Noujaim SF, Stuckey JA, Ponce-Balbuena D, et al. Specific residues of the cytoplasmic domains of cardiac inward rectifier potassium channels are effective antifibrillatory targets. FASEB J 2010;24:4302-4312.
    • (2010) FASEB J , vol.24 , pp. 4302-4312
    • Noujaim, S.F.1    Stuckey, J.A.2    Ponce-Balbuena, D.3
  • 32
    • 20444372298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Kir2.1 gain-of-function mutation underlies familial atrial fibrillation
    • Xia M, Jin Q, Bendahhou S, et al. A Kir2.1 gain-of-function mutation underlies familial atrial fibrillation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005;332:1012-1019.
    • (2005) Biochem Biophys Res Commun , vol.332 , pp. 1012-1019
    • Xia, M.1    Jin, Q.2    Bendahhou, S.3
  • 33
    • 79951917665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural bases for the different antifibrillatory effects of chloroquine and quinidine
    • Noujaim SF, Stuckey JA, Ponce-Balbuena D, et al. Structural bases for the different antifibrillatory effects of chloroquine and quinidine. Cardiovasc Res 2011;89:862-869.
    • (2011) Cardiovasc Res , vol.89 , pp. 862-869
    • Noujaim, S.F.1    Stuckey, J.A.2    Ponce-Balbuena, D.3
  • 34
    • 13944261298 scopus 로고
    • Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias
    • Burrell ZL, Jr., Martinez AC. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. N Engl J Med 1958;258:798-800.
    • (1958) N Engl J Med , vol.258 , pp. 798-800
    • Burrell Jr., Z.L.1    Martinez, A.C.2
  • 35
    • 0032401698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential distribution of inward rectifier potassium channel transcripts in human atrium versus ventricle
    • Wang Z, Yue L, White M, et al. Differential distribution of inward rectifier potassium channel transcripts in human atrium versus ventricle. Circulation 1998;98:2422-2428.
    • (1998) Circulation , vol.98 , pp. 2422-2428
    • Wang, Z.1    Yue, L.2    White, M.3
  • 36
    • 84858755741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionic and substrate mechanism of atrial fibrillation: Rotors and the exitacion frequency approach
    • Berenfeld O. Ionic and substrate mechanism of atrial fibrillation: rotors and the exitacion frequency approach. Arch Cardiol Mex 2010;80:301-314.
    • (2010) Arch Cardiol Mex , vol.80 , pp. 301-314
    • Berenfeld, O.1
  • 37
    • 78049290135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left-to-right atrial inward rectifier potassium current gradients in patients with paroxysmal versus chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Voigt N, Trausch A, Knaut M, et al. Left-to-right atrial inward rectifier potassium current gradients in patients with paroxysmal versus chronic atrial fibrillation. CircArrhythmElectrophysiol 2010;3:472-480.
    • (2010) CircArrhythmElectrophysiol , vol.3 , pp. 472-480
    • Voigt, N.1    Trausch, A.2    Knaut, M.3
  • 38
    • 56149096227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inward rectifier potassium currents as a target for atrial fibrillation therapy
    • Ehrlich JR. Inward rectifier potassium currents as a target for atrial fibrillation therapy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2008;52:129-135.
    • (2008) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 129-135
    • Ehrlich, J.R.1
  • 39
    • 33646694997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kir3-based inward rectifier potassium current: Potential role in atrial tachycardia remodeling effects on atrial repolarization and arrhythmias
    • Cha TJ, Ehrlich JR, Chartier D, et al. Kir3-based inward rectifier potassium current: potential role in atrial tachycardia remodeling effects on atrial repolarization and arrhythmias. Circulation 2006;113:1730-1737.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 1730-1737
    • Cha, T.J.1    Ehrlich, J.R.2    Chartier, D.3
  • 40
    • 33644875185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The G protein-gated potassium current I(K,ACh) is constitutively active in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Dobrev D, Friedrich A, Voigt N, et al. The G protein-gated potassium current I(K,ACh) is constitutively active in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2005;112:3697-3706.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 3697-3706
    • Dobrev, D.1    Friedrich, A.2    Voigt, N.3
  • 41
    • 0032558390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel high-affinity inhibitor for inward-rectifier K+ channels
    • Jin W, Lu Z. A novel high-affinity inhibitor for inward-rectifier K+ channels. Biochemistry 1998;37:13291-13299.
    • (1998) Biochemistry , vol.37 , pp. 13291-13299
    • Jin, W.1    Lu, Z.2
  • 42
    • 33751527644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innovative approaches to anti-arrhythmic drug therapy
    • Nattel S, Carlsson L. Innovative approaches to anti-arrhythmic drug therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006;5:1034-1049.
    • (2006) Nat Rev Drug Discov , vol.5 , pp. 1034-1049
    • Nattel, S.1    Carlsson, L.2
  • 44
    • 0025787747 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of the anticholinergic effect of SUN 1165 in comparison with flecainide, disopyramide and quinidine in single atrial myocytes isolated from guinea-pig
    • Inomata N, Ishihara T, Akaike N. Mechanisms of the anticholinergic effect of SUN 1165 in comparison with flecainide, disopyramide and quinidine in single atrial myocytes isolated from guinea-pig. Br J Pharmacol 1991;104:1007-1011.
    • (1991) Br J Pharmacol , vol.104 , pp. 1007-1011
    • Inomata, N.1    Ishihara, T.2    Akaike, N.3
  • 45
    • 0344676405 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreased ATP-sensitive K(+) current density during chronic human atrial fibrillation
    • Balana B, Dobrev D, Wettwer E, et al. Decreased ATP-sensitive K(+) current density during chronic human atrial fibrillation. JMCC 2003;35:1399-1405.
    • (2003) JMCC , vol.35 , pp. 1399-1405
    • Balana, B.1    Dobrev, D.2    Wettwer, E.3
  • 46
    • 0034737502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanism of transition from ventricular fibrillation to tachycardia: Effect of calcium channel blockade on the dynamics of rotating waves
    • Samie FH, Mandapati R, Gray RA, et al. A mechanism of transition from ventricular fibrillation to tachycardia: effect of calcium channel blockade on the dynamics of rotating waves. Circ Res 2000;86:684-691.
    • (2000) Circ Res , vol.86 , pp. 684-691
    • Samie, F.H.1    Mandapati, R.2    Gray, R.A.3
  • 47
    • 0036083691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation taking oral verapamil exhibit a lower atrial frequency on the ECG
    • Bollmann A, Sonne K, Esperer HD, et al. Patients with persistent atrial fibrillation taking oral verapamil exhibit a lower atrial frequency on the ECG. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2002;7:92-97.
    • (2002) Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol , vol.7 , pp. 92-97
    • Bollmann, A.1    Sonne, K.2    Esperer, H.D.3
  • 48
    • 22244453703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ionic determinants of functional reentry in a 2-D model of human atrial cells during simulated chronic atrial fibrillation
    • Pandit SV, Berenfeld O, Anumonwo JM, et al. Ionic determinants of functional reentry in a 2-D model of human atrial cells during simulated chronic atrial fibrillation. Biophys J2005;88:3806-3821.
    • (2005) Biophys J , vol.88 , pp. 3806-3821
    • Pandit, S.V.1    Berenfeld, O.2    Anumonwo, J.M.3
  • 49
    • 34548348889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenoviral expression of IKs contributes to wavebreak and fibrillatory conduction in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte monolayers
    • Munoz V, Grzeda KR, Desplantez T, et al. Adenoviral expression of IKs contributes to wavebreak and fibrillatory conduction in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte monolayers. Circ Res 2007;101:475-483.
    • (2007) Circ Res , vol.101 , pp. 475-483
    • Munoz, V.1    Grzeda, K.R.2    Desplantez, T.3
  • 50
    • 78650717034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A major role for HERG in determining frequency of reentry in neonatal rat ventricular myocyte monolayer
    • Hou L, Deo M, Furspan P, et al. A major role for HERG in determining frequency of reentry in neonatal rat ventricular myocyte monolayer. Circ Res 2010;107:1503-1511.
    • (2010) Circ Res , vol.107 , pp. 1503-1511
    • Hou, L.1    Deo, M.2    Furspan, P.3
  • 51
    • 66149127646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel approaches for pharmacological management of atrial fibrillation
    • Ehrlich JR, Nattel S. Novel approaches for pharmacological management of atrial fibrillation. Drugs 2009;69:757-774.
    • (2009) Drugs , vol.69 , pp. 757-774
    • Ehrlich, J.R.1    Nattel, S.2
  • 52
    • 4644370831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early class III drugs for the treatment of atrial fibrillation: Efficacy and atrial selectivity of AVE0118 in remodeled atria of the goat
    • Blaauw Y, Gogelein H, Tieleman RG, et al. "Early" class III drugs for the treatment of atrial fibrillation: efficacy and atrial selectivity of AVE0118 in remodeled atria of the goat. Circulation 2004;110:1717-1724.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 1717-1724
    • Blaauw, Y.1    Gogelein, H.2    Tieleman, R.G.3
  • 53
    • 33745635351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kv1.5 channelopathy due to KCNA5 loss-of-function mutation causes human atrial fibrillation
    • Olson TM, Alekseev AE, Liu XK, et al. Kv1.5 channelopathy due to KCNA5 loss-of-function mutation causes human atrial fibrillation. Hum Mol Genet 2006;15:2185-2191.
    • (2006) Hum Mol Genet , vol.15 , pp. 2185-2191
    • Olson, T.M.1    Alekseev, A.E.2    Liu, X.K.3
  • 54
    • 36549066892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient outward current con-tributes to Wenckebach-like rhythms in isolated rabbit ventricular cells
    • Yehia AR, Shrier A, Lo KC, et al. Transient outward current con-tributes to Wenckebach-like rhythms in isolated rabbit ventricular cells. Am J Physiol 1997;273:H1-11.
    • (1997) Am J Physiol , vol.273
    • Yehia, A.R.1    Shrier, A.2    Lo, K.C.3
  • 55
    • 34147105609 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vernakalant (RSD1235): A novel, atrial-selective antifi-brillatory agent
    • Fedida D. Vernakalant (RSD1235): a novel, atrial-selective antifi-brillatory agent. ExpertOpinInvestigDrugs 2007;16:519-532.
    • (2007) ExpertOpinInvestigDrugs , vol.16 , pp. 519-532
    • Fedida, D.1
  • 56
    • 77953074727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multicenter, open-label study of vernakalant for the conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm
    • Stiell IG, Roos JS, Kavanagh KM, et al. A multicenter, open-label study of vernakalant for the conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm. Am Heart J 2010;159:1095-1101.
    • (2010) Am Heart J , vol.159 , pp. 1095-1101
    • Stiell, I.G.1    Roos, J.S.2    Kavanagh, K.M.3
  • 57
    • 77952165183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered Na(+) currents in atrial fibrillation effects of ranolazine on arrhythmias and contractility in human atrial myocardium
    • Sossalla S, Kallmeyer B, Wagner S, et al. Altered Na(+) currents in atrial fibrillation effects of ranolazine on arrhythmias and contractility in human atrial myocardium. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010;55:2330-2342.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.55 , pp. 2330-2342
    • Sossalla, S.1    Kallmeyer, B.2    Wagner, S.3
  • 58
    • 4344577023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electro-physiological effects of ranolazine, a novel antianginal agent with antiarrhythmic properties
    • Antzelevitch C, Belardinelli L, Zygmunt AC, et al. Electro-physiological effects of ranolazine, a novel antianginal agent with antiarrhythmic properties. Circulation 2004;110:904-910.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 904-910
    • Antzelevitch, C.1    Belardinelli, L.2    Zygmunt, A.C.3
  • 59
    • 33646007982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ranolazine improves abnormal repolarization and contraction in left ventricular myocytes of dogs with heart failure by inhibiting late sodium current
    • Undrovinas AI, Belardinelli L, Undrovinas NA, et al. Ranolazine improves abnormal repolarization and contraction in left ventricular myocytes of dogs with heart failure by inhibiting late sodium current. J CardiovascElectrophysiol 2006;17 Suppl 1:S169-S77.
    • (2006) J CardiovascElectrophysiol , vol.17 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Undrovinas, A.I.1    Belardinelli, L.2    Undrovinas, N.A.3
  • 60
    • 34748873780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrium-selective sodium channel block as a strategy for suppression of atrial fibrillation: Differences in sodium channel inactivation between atria and ventricles and the role of ranolazine
    • Burashnikov A, Di Diego JM, Zygmunt AC, et al. Atrium-selective sodium channel block as a strategy for suppression of atrial fibrillation: differences in sodium channel inactivation between atria and ventricles and the role of ranolazine. Circulation 2007;116:1449-1457.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.116 , pp. 1449-1457
    • Burashnikov, A.1    Di Diego, J.M.2    Zygmunt, A.C.3
  • 61
    • 33646386662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular basis of ranolazine block of LQT-3 mutant sodium channels: Evidence for site of action
    • Fredj S, Sampson KJ, Liu H, et al. Molecular basis of ranolazine block of LQT-3 mutant sodium channels: evidence for site of action. Br J Pharmacol 2006;148:16-24.
    • (2006) Br J Pharmacol , vol.148 , pp. 16-24
    • Fredj, S.1    Sampson, K.J.2    Liu, H.3
  • 62
  • 63
    • 0025479105 scopus 로고
    • Un estudio retrospectivo para el análisis de los efectos colaterales de la amiodarona
    • Colin Lizalde LJ, Febles Palenzuela T, Crespo Mancebo F, et al. Un estudio retrospectivo para el análisis de los efectos colaterales de la amiodarona. Inst Cardiol Mex 1990;60:455-460.
    • (1990) Inst Cardiol Mex , vol.60 , pp. 455-460
    • Colin, L.L.J.1    Febles, P.T.2    Crespo, M.F.3
  • 64
    • 77956192639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute dronedarone is inferior to amiodarone in terminating and preventing atrial fibrillation in canine atria
    • Burashnikov A, Belardinelli L, Antzelevitch C. Acute dronedarone is inferior to amiodarone in terminating and preventing atrial fibrillation in canine atria. Heartrhythm 2010;7:1273-1279.
    • (2010) Heartrhythm , vol.7 , pp. 1273-1279
    • Burashnikov, A.1    Belardinelli, L.2    Antzelevitch, C.3
  • 65
    • 77952604921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A short-term, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dronedarone versus amiodarone in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: The DIONYSOS study
    • Le Heuzey JY, De Ferrari GM, Radzik D, et al. A short-term, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dronedarone versus amiodarone in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation: the DIONYSOS study. J Cardio-vascElectrophysiol 2010;21:597-605.
    • (2010) J Cardio-vascElectrophysiol , vol.21 , pp. 597-605
    • Le Heuzey, J.Y.1    de Ferrari, G.M.2    Radzik, D.3
  • 66
    • 45549094153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure
    • Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, McMurray JJ, et al. Increased mortality after dronedarone therapy for severe heart failure. N Engl J Med 2008;358:2678-2687.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 2678-2687
    • Kober, L.1    Torp-Pedersen, C.2    McMurray, J.J.3
  • 68
    • 65249171943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A preliminary assessment of the effects of ATI-2042 in subjects with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using implanted pacemaker methodology
    • Arya A, Silberbauer J, Teichman SL, et al. A preliminary assessment of the effects of ATI-2042 in subjects with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation using implanted pacemaker methodology. Euro-pace 2009;11:458-464.
    • (2009) Euro-pace , vol.11 , pp. 458-464
    • Arya, A.1    Silberbauer, J.2    Teichman, S.L.3
  • 69
    • 12844261632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vivo and in vitro antiarrhythmic effects of SSR149744C in animal models of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias
    • Gautier P, Serre M, Cosnier-Pucheu S, et al. In vivo and in vitro antiarrhythmic effects of SSR149744C in animal models of atrial fibrillation and ventricular arrhythmias. J CardiovascPharmacol 2005;45:125-135.
    • (2005) J CardiovascPharmacol , vol.45 , pp. 125-135
    • Gautier, P.1    Serre, M.2    Cosnier-Pucheu, S.3
  • 70
    • 58149345865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calcium handling abnormalities in atrial fibrillation as a target for innovative therapeutics
    • Dobrev D, Nattel S. Calcium handling abnormalities in atrial fibrillation as a target for innovative therapeutics. J CardiovascPharmacol 2008;52:293-299.
    • (2008) J CardiovascPharmacol , vol.52 , pp. 293-299
    • Dobrev, D.1    Nattel, S.2
  • 71
    • 20244384717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Defective cardiac ryanodine receptor regulation during atrial fibrillation
    • Vest JA, Wehrens XH, Reiken SR, et al. Defective cardiac ryanodine receptor regulation during atrial fibrillation. Circulation 2005;111:2025-2032.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , pp. 2025-2032
    • Vest, J.A.1    Wehrens, X.H.2    Reiken, S.R.3
  • 72
    • 45849133911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular calcium leak due to FKBP12.6 deficiency in mice facilitates the inducibility of atrial fibrillation
    • Sood S, Chelu MG, van Oort RJ, et al. Intracellular calcium leak due to FKBP12.6 deficiency in mice facilitates the inducibility of atrial fibrillation. Heartrhythm 2008;5:1047-1054.
    • (2008) Heartrhythm , vol.5 , pp. 1047-1054
    • Sood, S.1    Chelu, M.G.2    van Oort, R.J.3
  • 73
    • 0042237714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiarrhythmic effects of JTV-519, a novel cardioprotective drug, on atrial fibrillation/flutter in a canine sterile pericarditis model
    • Kumagai K, Nakashima H, Gondo N, et al. Antiarrhythmic effects of JTV-519, a novel cardioprotective drug, on atrial fibrillation/flutter in a canine sterile pericarditis model. J CardiovascElec-trophysiol 2003;14:880-884.
    • (2003) J CardiovascElectrophysiol , vol.14 , pp. 880-884
    • Kumagai, K.1    Nakashima, H.2    Gondo, N.3
  • 74
    • 70449732314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of connexin40 in atrial fibrillation
    • Chaldoupi SM, Loh P, Hauer RN, et al. The role of connexin40 in atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res 2009;84:15-23.
    • (2009) Cardiovasc Res , vol.84 , pp. 15-23
    • Chaldoupi, S.M.1    Loh, P.2    Hauer, R.N.3
  • 75
    • 33846471716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Model-de-pendent effects of the gap junction conduction-enhancing antiarrhythmic peptide rotigaptide (ZP123) on experimental atrial fibrillation in dogs
    • Shiroshita-Takeshita A, Sakabe M, Haugan K, et al. Model-de-pendent effects of the gap junction conduction-enhancing antiarrhythmic peptide rotigaptide (ZP123) on experimental atrial fibrillation in dogs. Circulation 2007;115:310-318.
    • (2007) Circulation , vol.115 , pp. 310-318
    • Shiroshita-Takeshita, A.1    Sakabe, M.2    Haugan, K.3
  • 76
    • 69949190470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic gap junction conduction-enhancing antiarrhythmic peptide GAP-134 administration on experimental atrial fibrillation in dogs
    • Laurent G, Leong-Poi H, Mangat I, et al. Effects of chronic gap junction conduction-enhancing antiarrhythmic peptide GAP-134 administration on experimental atrial fibrillation in dogs. CircA-rrhythmElectrophysiol 2009;2:171-178.
    • (2009) CircA-rrhythmElectrophysiol , vol.2 , pp. 171-178
    • Laurent, G.1    Leong-Poi, H.2    Mangat, I.3
  • 77
    • 50949115126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation: Mechanisms and implications
    • Nattel S, Burstein B, Dobrev D. Atrial remodeling and atrial fibrillation: mechanisms and implications. CircArrhythmElectrophysiol 2008;1:62-73.
    • (2008) CircArrhythmElectrophysiol , vol.1 , pp. 62-73
    • Nattel, S.1    Burstein, B.2    Dobrev, D.3
  • 78
    • 58149157461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrotonic myofibroblast-to-myocyte coupling increases propensity to reentrant arrhythmias in two-dimensional cardiac monolayers
    • Zlochiver S, Munoz V, Vikstrom KL, et al. Electrotonic myofibroblast-to-myocyte coupling increases propensity to reentrant arrhythmias in two-dimensional cardiac monolayers. Biophys J 2008;95:4469-4480.
    • (2008) Biophys J , vol.95 , pp. 4469-4480
    • Zlochiver, S.1    Munoz, V.2    Vikstrom, K.L.3
  • 79
    • 0038376029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on electrical and structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation
    • Kumagai K, Nakashima H, Urata H, et al. Effects of angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist on electrical and structural remodeling in atrial fibrillation. J Am CollCardiol 2003;41:2197-2204.
    • (2003) J Am CollCardiol , vol.41 , pp. 2197-2204
    • Kumagai, K.1    Nakashima, H.2    Urata, H.3
  • 80
    • 0036219401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of inhibiting Na(+)/H(+)-exchange or angiotensin converting enzyme on atrial tachycardia-induced remodeling
    • Shinagawa K, Mitamura H, Ogawa S, et al. Effects of inhibiting Na(+)/H(+)-exchange or angiotensin converting enzyme on atrial tachycardia-induced remodeling. Cardiovasc Res 2002;54:438-446.
    • (2002) Cardiovasc Res , vol.54 , pp. 438-446
    • Shinagawa, K.1    Mitamura, H.2    Ogawa, S.3
  • 81
    • 64749085587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valsartan for prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation
    • Disertori M, Latini R, Barlera S, et al. Valsartan for prevention of recurrent atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2009;360:1606-1617.
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.360 , pp. 1606-1617
    • Disertori, M.1    Latini, R.2    Barlera, S.3
  • 82
    • 34447528906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-terminating AF depends on electrical remodeling while persistent AF depends on additional structural changes in a rapid atrially paced sheep model
    • Anne W, Willems R, Holemans P, et al.Self-terminating AF depends on electrical remodeling while persistent AF depends on additional structural changes in a rapid atrially paced sheep model. J Mol CellCardiol 2007;43:148-158.
    • (2007) J Mol CellCardiol , vol.43 , pp. 148-158
    • Anne, W.1    Willems, R.2    Holemans, P.3
  • 83
    • 20344396863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of atrial fibrillation with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: A meta-analysis
    • Healey JS, Baranchuk A, Crystal E, et al. Prevention of atrial fibrillation with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: a meta-analysis. J Am CollCardiol 2005;45:1832-1839.
    • (2005) J Am CollCardiol , vol.45 , pp. 1832-1839
    • Healey, J.S.1    Baranchuk, A.2    Crystal, E.3
  • 84
    • 79960437223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of spironolactone on patients with atrial fibrillation and structural heart disease
    • Williams RS, deLemos JA, Dimas V, et al. Effect of spironolactone on patients with atrial fibrillation and structural heart disease. Clin Cardiol 2011;34:415-419.
    • (2011) Clin Cardiol , vol.34 , pp. 415-419
    • Williams, R.S.1    Delemos, J.A.2    Dimas, V.3
  • 85
    • 37549050584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor-beta receptor antagonism attenuates myocardial fibrosis in mice with cardiac-restricted overexpression of tumor necrosis factor
    • Sakata Y, Chancey AL, Divakaran VG, et al. Transforming growth factor-beta receptor antagonism attenuates myocardial fibrosis in mice with cardiac-restricted overexpression of tumor necrosis factor. Basic Res Cardiol 2008;103:60-68.
    • (2008) Basic Res Cardiol , vol.103 , pp. 60-68
    • Sakata, Y.1    Chancey, A.L.2    Divakaran, V.G.3
  • 86
    • 0025779484 scopus 로고
    • Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: The Framingham Study
    • Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke: the Framingham Study. Stroke 1991;22:983-988.
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , pp. 983-988
    • Wolf, P.A.1    Abbott, R.D.2    Kannel, W.B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.