Challenging behaviour: The causes (part II)

Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities

Volumn 6, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 236-248

  Koritsas, Stella ^a   Iacono, Teresa ^b  

^a MONASH UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Adults; Causes; Challenging behaviour; Intellectual disability; Learning disabilities; Review

Indexed keywords

EID: 84865719697     PISSN: 20441282     EISSN: 20441290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1108/20441281211261122     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. American Psychiatric Association (1987), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3rd ed., American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
2. American Psychiatric Association (2000), Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed., American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
3. Barrera, F.J., Teodoro, J.M., Selmeci, T. and Madappuli, A. (1994), "Self-injury, pain, and the endorphin theory" in Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 169-92.
4. Bijou, S.W. and Baer, D.M. (1978), Behavior Analysis of Child Development, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
5. Bird, F., Dores, P.A., Moniz, D. and Robinson, J. (1989), "Reducing severe aggressive and self-injurious behaviors with functional communication training" in American Journal on Mental Retardation, Vol. 94, No. 1, pp. 37-48.
6. Bohmer, C.J., Taminiau, J.A., Klinkenberg-Knol, E.C. and Meuwissen, S.G. (2001), "The prevalence of constipation in institutionalized people with intellectual disability" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 212-8.
7. Bramble, D. (1995), "Two cases of severe head-banging parasomnias in peripubertal males resulting from otitis media in toddlerhood" in Child: Care, Health and Development, Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 247-53.
8. Bregman, J.D., Leckman, J.F. and Ort, S.I. (1988), "Fragile X syndrome: genetic predisposition to psychopathology" in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 343-54.
9. Carr, E.G. and Durand, V. (1985), "Reducing behavior problems through functional communication training" in Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Vol. 18, No. 2, pp. 111-26.
10. Carr, E.G. and Smith, C.E. (1995), "Biological setting events for self-injury" in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, Vol. 1, pp. 94-8.
11. Carr, E.G., Smith, C.E., Giacin, T.A., Whelan, B.M. and Pancari, J. (2003), "Menstrual discomfort as a biological setting event for severe problem behavior: assessment and intervention" in American Journal on Mental Retardation, Vol. 108, No. 2, pp. 117-33.
12. Carter, M. and Driscoll, C. (2007), "A conceptual examination of setting events" in Educational Psychology, Vol. 27, No. 5, pp. 655-73.
13. Cataldo, M.F. and Harris, J. (1982), "The biological basis for self-injury in the mentally retarded" in Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 21-39.
14. Clarke, D. and Gomez, G. (1999), "Utility of modified DCR-10 criteria in the diagnosis of depression associated with intellectual disability" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 413-20.
15. Clarke, D., Boer, H., Chung, M.C., Sturmey, P. and Webb, T. (1996), "Maladaptive behaviour in Prader-Willi syndrome in adult life" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 159-65.
16. Davis, C.A. and Fox, J. (1999), "Evaluating environmental arrangement as setting events: review and implications for measurement" in Journal of Behavioral Education, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 77-96.
17. Day, H.M., Horner, R.H. and O'Neill, R.E. (1994), "Multiple functions of problem behaviors: assessment and intervention" in Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 279-89.
18. de Lissovoy, V. (1963), "Head banging in early childhood: a suggested cause" in Journal of Genetic Psychology, Vol. 102, pp. 109-14.
19. Duker, P.C., Jol, K. and Palmen, A. (1991), "The collateral decrease of self-injurious behavior with teaching communicative gestures to individuals who are mentally retarded" in Behavioral Residential Treatment, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 183-96.
20. Dunlap, G., Carr, E.G., Horner, R.H., Zarcone, J.R. and Schwartz, I. (2008), "Positive behavior support and applied behavior analysis: a familial alliance" in Behavior Modification, Vol. 32, No. 5, pp. 682-98.
21. Durand, V.M. (1986), "Self-injurious behavior as intentional communication" in Advances in Learning and Behavioral Disabilities, Vol. 5, pp. 141-55.
22. Durand, V. and Merges, E. (2001), "Functional communication training: a contemporary behavior analytic intervention for problem behaviors" in Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 110-9.
23. Dykens, E.M. (1995), "Measuring behavioral phenotypes: provocations from the 'New Genetics'" in American Journal on Mental Retardation, Vol. 99, No. 5, pp. 522-3.
24. Dykens, E.M. and Kasari, C. (1997), "Maladaptive behavior in children with Prader-Willi syndrome, Down syndrome, and nonspecific mental retardation" in American Journal of Mental Retardation, Vol. 102, No. 3, pp. 228-37.
25. Einfeld, S.L., Smith, A., Durvasula, S., Florio, T. and Tonge, B.J. (1999), "Behavior and emotional disturbance in Prader-Willi syndrome" in American Journal on Medical Genetics, Vol. 82, No. 2, pp. 123-7.
26. Emerson, E. (2001), Challenging Behaviour: Analysis and Intervention in People with Severe Intellectual Disabilities, 2nd ed., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
27. Emerson, E., Moss, S. and Kiernan, C. (1999), "The relationship between challenging behaviour and psychiatric disorders" in Bouras, N. (Ed.), Psychiatric and Behavioural Disorders in Developmental Disabilities and Mental Retardation, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 38-48.
28. Engel, G.L. (1977), "The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine" in Science, Vol. 196, No. 4286, pp. 129-36.
29. Engel, G.L. (1979), "The biopsychosical model and the education of health professionals" in General Hospital Psychiatry, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 156-65.
30. Gerra, L.L., Dorfman, S., Plaue, E., Schlackman, S. and Workman, D. (1995), "Functional communication as a means of decreasing self-injurious behavior: a case study" in Journal of Visual Impairment and Blindness, Vol. 89, No. 4, pp. 343-8.
31. Ghaziuddin, M., Elkins, T., McNeeley, S. and Ghaziuddin, N. (1993), "Premenstrual syndrome in women with mental handicap: a pilot study" in British Journal of Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 39, No. 77, pp. 104-7.
32. Greenswag, L.R. (1987), "Adults with Prader-Willi syndrome: a survey of 232 cases" in Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 145-52.
33. Gunsett, R.G., Mulick, J.A., Fernald, W.B. and Martin, J.L. (1989), "Brief report: indications for medical screening prior to behavioral programming for severely and profoundly mentally retarded clients" in Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Vol. 19, No. 1, pp. 167-72.
34. Hatton, D.D., Hooper, S.R., Bailey, D.B., Skinner, M.L., Sullivan, K.M. and Wheeler, A. (2002), "Problem behavior in boys with Fragile X syndrome" in American Journal of Medical Genetics, Vol. 108, No. 3, pp. 105-16.
35. Hemmings, C., Gravestock, S., Pickard, M. and Bouras, N. (2006), "Psychiatric symptoms and problem behaviours in people with intellectual disabilities" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 50, No. 4, pp. 269-79.
36. Holden, B. and Gitlesen, J.P. (2003), "Prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in adults with mental retardation and challenging behaviour" in Research in Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 24, No. 5, pp. 323-32.
37. Iwata, B.A., Dorsey, M.F., Slifer, K.J., Bauman, K.E. and Richman, G.S. (1982), "Toward a functional analysis of self-injury" in Analysis and Intervention in Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 3-20.
38. Jacobson, J.W. (1982), "Problem behavior and psychiatric impairment within a developmentally disabled population I: behavior frequency" in Applied Research in Mental Retardation, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 121-39.
39. Kaminer, Y., Feinstein, C., Barrett, R.P., Tylenda, B. and Hole, W. (1988), "Menstrually related mood disorder in developmentally disabled adolescents: review and current status" in Child Psychiatry and Human Development, Vol. 18, No. 4, pp. 239-49.
40. Kiernan, C. and Qureshi, H. (1993), "Challenging behaviour" in Kiernan, C. (Ed.), Research to Practice? Implications of Research on the Challenging Behaviour of People with Learning Disability, BILD, Clevedon, pp. 53-65.
41. Koritsas, S. and Iacono, T. (2012), "Part 1. Challenging behaviour: associated risk factors" in Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 199-214.
42. Lowry, M.A. (1994), "Functional assessment of problem behaviors associated with mood disorders" in Habilitative Mental Healthcare Newsletter, Vol. 13, pp. 79-84.
43. Luiselli, J.K., Cochran, M.L. and Huber, S.A. (2005), "Effects of otitis media on a child with autism receiving behavioral intervention for self-injury" in Child and Family Behavior Therapy, Vol. 27, No. 2, pp. 51-6.
44. McBrien, J. (2003), "Assessment and diagnosis of depression in people with intellectual disability" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 1-13.
45. Marston, G., Perry, D. and Roy, A. (1997), "Manifestations of depression in people with intellectual disability" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 476-80.
46. Matson, J.L. and Boisjoli, J. (2008), "Cutoff scores for the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills for Individuals with Severe Retardation (MESSIER) for adults with intellectual disability" in Behavior Modification, Vol. 32, No. 1, pp. 109-20.
47. Meins, W. (1995), "Symptoms of major depression in mentally retarded adults" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 41-5.
48. Michael, J. (1982), "Distinguishing between discriminative and motivational functions of stimuli" in Journal of Experimental Analysis of Behavior, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 149-55.
49. Moss, S., Emerson, E., Kiernan, C., Turner, S., Hatton, C. and Alborz, A. (2000), "Psychiatric symptoms in adults with learning disability and challenging behaviour" in British Journal of Psychiatry, Vol. 177, pp. 452-6.
50. Murphy, G. (1994), "Understanding challenging behaviour" in Emerson, E., McGill, P. and Mansell, J. (Eds.), Severe Learning Disabilities and Challenging Behaviour: Designing High Quality Services, Chapman & Hall, London, pp. 37-69.
51. Myrbakk, E. and von Tetzchner, S. (2008), "Psychiatric disorders and behaviour problems in people with intellectual disability" in Research in Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 316-32.
52. O'Dwyer, J., Holmes, J. and Friedman, T. (1995), "Menstruation and aggression in a population of women with learning disabilities" in British Journal of Learning Disabilities, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 51-5.
53. O'Reilly, M.F. (1997), "Functional analysis of episodic self-injury correlated with recurrent otitis media" in Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 165-7.
54. Oliver, C. (1995), "Annotation: self-injurious behaviour in children with learning disabilities. Recent advances in assessment and intervention" in Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 909-27.
55. Peine, H.A., Rokneddin, D., Adams, K., Blakelock, H., Jenson, W. and Osbourne, J.G. (1995), "Medical problems, maladaptive behaviors, and the developmentally disabled" in Behavioral Interventions, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 149-59.
56. Quint, E.H., Elkins, T.E., Sorg, C.A. and Kope, S. (1999), "The treatment of cyclical behavioral changes in women with mental disabilities" in Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Vol. 12, No. 3, pp. 139-42.
57. Rodgers, J., Lipscombe, J. and Santer, M. (2006), "Menstrual problems experienced by women with learning disabilities" in Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 364-73.
58. Rojahn, J., Borthwick-Duffy, S.A. and Jacobson, J.W. (1993), "The association between psychiatric diagnoses and severe behavior problems in mental retardation" in Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 163-70.
59. Rojahn, J., Matson, J.L., Naglieri, J.A. and Mayville, E. (2004), "Relationships between psychiatric conditions and behavior problems among adults with mental retardation" in American Journal on Mental Retardation, Vol. 109, No. 1, pp. 21-33.
60. Ross, E. and Oliver, C. (2003), "The assessment of mood in adults who have severe of profound mental retardation" in Clinical Psychology Review, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 225-45.
61. Sandman, C.A. (1990/1991), "The opiate hypothesis in autism and self-injury" in Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 237-48.
62. Sandman, C.A., Barron, J.L., Chicz-DeMet, A. and DeMet, E.M. (1990), "Plasma B-endorphin levels in patients with self-injurious behavior and stereotypy" in American Journal on Mental Retardation, Vol. 95, No. 1, pp. 84-92.
63. Sigafoos, J. and Meikle, B. (1996), "Functional communication training for the treatment of multiply determined challenging behavior in two boys with autism" in Behavior Modification, Vol. 20, No. 1, pp. 60-84.
64. Sigafoos, J., Arthur, M. and O'Reilly, M.F. (2003), Challenging Behavior and Developmental Disability, Whurr, London.
65. Smith, R.G. and Iwata, B.A. (1997), "Antecedent influcences on behavior disorders" in Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 343-75.
66. Sovner, R. and Hurley, A.D. (1982), "Diagnosing depression in the mentally retarded" in Psychiatric Aspects of Mental Retardation Newsletter, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 1-4.
67. Steinhausen, H., Eiholzer, U., Hauffa, B. and Malin, Z. (2004), "Behavioural and emotional disturbances in people with Prader-Willi syndrome" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 47-52.
68. Sturmey, P. (1995), "Diagnostic-based pharmacological treatment of behavior disorders in persons with developmental disabilities: a review and a decision-making typology" in Research in Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 235-52.
69. Taylor, D.V., Rush, D., Hetrick, W.P. and Sandman, C.A. (1993), "Self-injurious behavior within the menstrual cycle of women with mental retardation" in American Journal on Mental Retardation, Vol. 97, No. 6, pp. 659-64.
70. Thompson, T., Symons, F., Delaney, D. and England, C. (1995), "Self-injurious behavior as endogenous neurochemical self-administration" in Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 137-48.
71. Tsiouris, J., Mann, R., Patti, P. and Sturmey, P. (2003), "Challenging behaviors should not be considered as depressive equivalents in individuals with intellectual disability" in Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 14-21.
72. von Bertalanffy, L. (1968), General Systems Theory, George Braziller, New York, NY.
73. Xenitidis, K., Russell, A. and Murphy, D. (2001), "Management of people with challenging behaviour" in Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, Vol. 7, pp. 109-16.