Pacific coast tidal wetlands

Wetland Habitats of North America: Ecology and Conservation Concerns

Volumn , Issue , 2012, Pages 103-116

  Callaway, John C ^a   Borde, Amy B ^b   Diefenderfer, Heida L ^b   Parker, V Thomas ^c   Rybczyk, John M ^d   Thom, Ronald M ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO   (United States)

^b PACIFIC NORTHWEST NATIONAL LABORATORY   (United States)

^c SAN FRANCISCO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d WESTERN WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 84865539737     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Chapter

References (114)

1. Atwater BF, Conard SG, et al. 1979. History, landforms, and vegetation of the estuary's tidal marshes. In San Francisco Bay: the urbanized estuary, TJ Conomos, editor. San Francisco: Pacific Division, American Association for the Advancement of Science, pp. 347-85.
2. Atwater BF, Yamaguchi DK. 1991. Sudden, probably coseismic submergence of Holocene trees and grass in coastal Washington State. Geology 19:706-09.
3. Benson BE, Atwater BF, et al. 2001. Renewal of tidal forests in Washington State after a subduction earthquake in AD 1700. Quat. Res. 56:139-47.
4. Borde AB, Thom RM, et al. 2003. Geospatial habitat change analysis in Pacific Northwest coastal estuaries. Estuaries 26:1104-16.
5. Boule ME. 1981. Tidal wetlands of the Puget Sound region, Washington. Wetlands 1:47-60.
6. Boyer KE, Zedler JB. 1998. Effects of nitrogen additions on the vertical structure of a constructed cordgrass marsh. Ecol. Appl. 8:692-705.
7. Callaway JC, Parker VT, et al. 2007. Emerging issues for the restoration of tidal marsh ecosystems in the context of predicted climate change. Madroño 54:234-48.
8. Callaway JC, Zedler JB. 2009. Conserving the diverse marshes of the Pacific coast. In Human impacts on salt marshes: a global perspective, Silliman BR, Grosholz ED , Bertness MD, editors. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press, pp. 285-306.
9. Callaway RM, Pennings SC. 2000. Facilitation may buffer competitive effects: indirect and diffuse interactions among salt marsh plants. Am. Nat. 156:416-24.
10. Christy JA, Brophy LS . 2007. Estuarine and freshwater tidal plant associations in Oregon. Corvallis: Oregon Natural Heritage Information Center, Oregon State Univ.
11. Christy JA, Putera JA. 1993. Lower Columbia River natural area inventory. Seattle: Nature Conservancy, Washington Field Office.
12. Collins BD, Sheikh AJ. 2005. Historical reconstruction, classification, and change analysis of Puget Sound tidal marshes. Seattle: Univ. Washington, Puget Sound River History Project, Dept. Earth and Space Sciences.
13. Conway CJ, Sulzman C. 2007. Status and habitat use of the California black rail in the southwestern USA . Wetlands 27:987-98.
14. Cornu CE, Sadro S. 2002. Physical and functional responses to experimental marsh surface elevation manipulation in Coos Bay's South Slough. Restor. Ecol. 10:474-86.
15. Covin JD, Zedler JB. 1988. Nitrogen effects on Spartina foliosa and Salicornia virginica in the salt marsh at Tijuana estuary, California. Wetlands 8:51-65.
16. Diefenderfer HL, Coleman AM, et al. 2008. Hydraulic geometry and microtopography of tidal freshwater forested wetlands and implications for restoration, Columbia River, U.S.A. Ecohydrol. Hydrobiol. 8:339-61.
17. Diefenderfer HL, Montgomery DR. 2009. Pool spacing, channel morphology, and the restoration of tidal forested wetlands of the Columbia River, USA . Restor. Ecol. 17:158-68.
18. Diefenderfer HL, Thom RM, et al. 2011. A levels-of-evidence approach for assessing cumulative ecosystem response to estuary and river restoration programs. Ecol. Restor. 29:111-32.
19. Diggory ZE, Parker VT. In press. Seed supply and revegetation dynamics at restored tidal marshes, Napa River CA. Restor. Ecol. 19(101):121-30.
20. Emmett R, Llanso R, et al. 2000. Geographic signatures of North American West Coast estuaries. Estuaries 23:765-92.
21. Emmett R, Llanso R, et al. 2000. Geographic signatures of North American West Coast estuaries. Estuaries 23:765-92.
22. Ewing K. 1983. Environmental controls in Pacific Northwest intertidal marsh plant communities. Can. J. Bot. 61:1105-1116.
23. Ewing K. 1986. Plant growth and productivity along complex gradients in a Pacific Northwest brackish intertidal marsh. Estuaries 9:49-62.
24. Franklin J, Dyrness CT. 1988. Natural vegetation of Oregon and Washington. Corvallis: Oregon State Univ. Press.
25. Frenkel RE, Morlan JC. 1991. Can we restore our salt marshes? Lessons from the Salmon River, Oregon. Northw. Env. J.7:119-35.
26. Gray A, Simenstad CA, et al. 2002. Contrasting functional performance of juvenile salmon habitat in recovering wetlands of the Salmon River estuary, Oregon, USA. Restor. Ecol. 10:514-26.
27. Grewell BJ. 2008. Hemiparasites generate environmental heterogeneity and enhance species coexistence in salt marshes. Ecol. Appl. 18:1297-1306.
28. Grewell BJ, Callaway JC, et al. 2007. Estuarine wetlands. In Terrestrial vegetation of California, Barbour MG, Keeler-Wolf T, Schoenherr AA, editors. Berkeley: Univ. Calif. Press, pp. 124-54.
29. Hedge P, Kriwoken LK, et al. 2003. A review of Spartina management in Washington State, US. J. Aquat. Plant Manag. 41:82-90.
30. Hickey BM, Banas NS. 2003. Oceanography of the U.S. Pacific Northwest coastal ocean and estuaries with application to coastal ecology. Estuaries 26:1010-1031.
31. Hickman JC,editor. 1993. The Jepson manual: higher plants of California. Berkeley: University of California Press.
32. Hitchcock CL and Cronquist A. 1973. Flora of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
33. Hood WG. 2002. Application of landscape allometry to restoration of tidal channels. Restor. Ecol. 10:213-22.
34. Hood WG. 2007. Large woody debris influences vegetation zonation in an oligohaline tidal marsh. Estuar. Coast. 30:441-50.
35. Hopkins DR, Parker VT. 1984. A study of the seed bank of a salt marsh in northern San Francisco Bay. Am. J. Bot. 71:348-55.
36. Howe ER, Simenstad CA. 2007. Restoration trajectories and food web linkages in San Francisco Bay's estuarine marshes: a manipulative translocation experiment. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.351:65-76.
37. Hutchinson I. 1988. The biogeography of the coastal wetlands of the Puget Trough: deltaic form, environment, and marsh community structure. J. Biogeogr. 15:729-45.
38. Ibarra-Obando SE, Poumian-Tapia M. 1991. The effect of tidal exclusion on salt marsh vegetation in Baja California, México. Wetl. Ecol. Manag. 1:131-48.
39. Johnson DH, O'Neil, TA. 2001. Wildlife-habitat relationships in Oregon and Washington. Corvallis: Oregon State Univ. Press.
40. Josselyn M. 1983. The ecology of San Francisco Bay tidal marshes: a community profile. Washington, DC: USFWS Div. Biol. Serv.
41. Josselyn MN, Buchholz JW. 1984. Marsh restoration in San Francisco Bay: a guide to design and planning. Tiburon, CA: Paul F. Romberg Tiburon Center for Environmental Studies.
42. Josselyn M, Zedler J, et al. 1990. Wetland mitigation along the Pacific coast of the United States. In Wetland creation and restoration: the status of the science, Kusler J, Kentula M, editors. Washington, DC: Island Press, pp. 3-36.
43. Kunze LM. 1994. Preliminary classification of native, low elevation, freshwater wetland vegetation in western Washington. Olympia: Washington State DNR.
44. Kwak TJ, Zedler JB. 1997. Food web analysis of Southern California coastal wetlands using multiple stable isotopes. Oecologia 110:262-77.
45. Langis R, Zalejko M, et al. 1991. Nitrogen assessment in a constructed and a natural salt marsh of San Diego Bay. Ecol. Appl.1:40-51.
46. Larkin DJ, Madon SP, et al. 2008. Topographic heterogeneity influences fish use of an experimentally restored tidal marsh.Ecol. Appl. 18:483-96.
47. MacDonald KB. 1977. Plant and animal communities of Pacific North American salt marshes. In Wet coastal ecosystems, Chapman VJ, editor. New York: Elsevier, pp. 167-91.
48. Madon SP. 2002. Ecophysiology of juvenile California halibut Paralichthys californicus in relation to body size, water temperature and salinity. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 243:235-49.
49. Madon SP, Williams GD, et al. 2001. The importance of marsh access to growth of the California killifish, Fundulus parvipinnis, evaluated through bioenergetics modeling. Ecol. Model. 136:149-65.
50. Mahall BE, Park RB. 1976a. The ecotone between Spartina foliosa Trin. and Salicornia virginica L. in salt marshes of northern San Francisco Bay: II. Soil water and salinity. J. Ecol. 64:793-809.
51. Mahall BE, Park RB. 1976b. The ecotone between Spartina foliosa Trin. and Salicornia virginica L. in salt marshes of northern San Francisco Bay: III. Soil aeration and tidal immersion. J. Ecol. 64:811-19.
52. Maier GO, Simenstad CA. 2009. The role of marsh-derived macrodetritus to the food webs of juvenile chinook salmon in a large altered estuary. Estuar. Coast. 32:984-98.
53. Marcus L. 2000. Restoring tidal wetlands at Sonoma Baylands,San Francisco Bay, California. Ecol. Eng. 15:373-83.
54. Mason CF, Macdonald SM. 1986. Otters: ecology and conservation. London: Cambridge Univ. Press.
55. Matern SA, Moyle PB, et al. 2002. Native and alien fishes in a California estuarine marsh: twenty-one years of changing assemblages. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 131:797-816.
56. Miller BA, Sadro S. 2003. Residence time and seasonal movements of juvenile coho salmon in the ecotone and lower estuary of Winchester Creek, South Slough, Oregon. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 132:546-59.
57. Mommer L, Visser EJW. 2005. Underwater photosynthesis in flooded terrestrial plants: a matter of leaf plasticity. Ann. Bot. 96:581-89.
58. Moseman SM. 2007. Opposite diel patterns of nitrogen fixation associated with salt marsh plant species (Spartina foliosa and Salicornia virginica) in Southern California. Mar. Ecol. 28:276-87.
59. Moyle PB, Herbold B, et al. 1992. Life history and status of Delta smelt in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary, California. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 121:67-77.
60. Nelson AR, Kelsey HM, et al. 2006. Great earthquakes of variable magnitude at the Cascadia subduction zone. Quat. Res. 65:354-65.
61. NOAA 1990. Estuaries of the United States: vital statistics of a national resource base. Rockville, MD: NOAA Nat. Ocean Serv.
62. Noe GB. 2002. Temporal variability matters: effects of constant vs. varying moisture and salinity on germination. Ecol. Monogr. 72:427-43.
63. Onuf CP. 1987. The ecology of Mugu Lagoon, California: an estuarine profile. Washington, DC: USFWS.
64. Page GW, Stenzel LE, et al. 1999. Overview of shorebird abundance and distribution in wetlands of the Pacific coast of the contiguous United States. Condor 101:461-71.
65. Parker VT, Leck MA. 1985. Relationships of seed banks to plantdistribution patterns in a fresh-water tidal wetland. Am. J. Bot. 72:161-74.
66. Patten K, O'Casey C. 2007. Use of Willapa Bay, Washington, by shorebirds and waterfowl after Spartina control efforts. J. Field Ornithol. 78:395-400.
67. Pennings SC, Callaway RM. 1992. Salt marsh plant zonation: the relative importance of competition and physical factors. Ecology 73:681-90.
68. Pennings SC, Callaway RM. 1996. Impact of a parasitic plant on the structure and dynamics of salt marsh vegetation. Ecology 77:1410-19.
69. PWA (Philip Williams and Associates Ltd.), Faber PM. 2004. Design guidelines for tidal wetland restoration in San Francisco Bay. Oakland: Bay Inst. and Calif. State Coastal Conserv. www.wrmp.org/design/.
70. Proctor CM, Garcia JC, et al. 1980. An ecological characterization of the Pacific Northwest coastal region. 5 vols. Washington, DC: USF WS Biol. Serv. Prog.
71. Race MS. 1985. Critique of present wetlands mitigation policies in the United States based on an analysis of past restoration projects in San Francisco Bay. Env. Manag. 9:71-82.
72. Raven PH, Axelrod DI. 1978. Origin and relationships of the California flora. Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 72:1-134.
73. Riggs SR, Bulthuis DA. 1994. Estimated net aerial primary productivity and monitoring of selected characteristics of Spartina alterniflora in Padilla Bay, Washington, April 1992-May 1993. Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve Technical Report no. 11. Mount Vernon: Washington State Department of Ecology (Publication no. 94-176).
74. Ruiz GM, Carlton JT, et al. 1997. Global invasions of marine and estuarine habitats by non-indigenous species: mechanisms, extent, and consequences. Am. Zool. 37:621-32.
75. Rumrill SS , Sowers DC. 2008. Concurrent assessment of eelgrass beds (Zostera marina) and salt marsh communities along the estuarine gradient of the South Slough, Oregon. J. Coast. Res. SI55:121-34.
76. Sanderson EW, Ustin SL, et al. 2000. The influence of tidal channels on the distribution of salt marsh plant species in Petaluma Marsh, CA, USA . Plant Ecol. 146:29-41.
77. Seliskar DM, Gallagher JL. 1983. The ecology of tidal marshes of the Pacific Northwest coast: a community profile. FWS/OBS-82/32. Washington, DC: USFWS Div. Biol. Serv.
78. Sherwood CR, Jay DA , et al. 1990. Historical changes in the Columbia River estuary. Prog. Oceanogr. 25:299-352.
79. Shreffler DK, Simenstad CA, et al. 1992. Foraging by juvenile salmon in a restored estuarine wetland. Estuaries 15:204-13.
80. Simenstad CA, Hood WG, et al. 2000. Landscape structure and scale constraints on restoring estuarine wetlands for Pacific coast juvenile fishes. In Concepts and controversies in tidal marsh ecology, Weinstein MP, Kreeger DA, editors. Boston, MA: Kluwer, pp. 597-630.
81. Simenstad C, Logsdon M, et al. 2006. Conceptual model for assessing restoration of Puget Sound nearshore ecosystems. Puget Sound Nearshore Partnership Report no. 2006-03. Seattle: Washington Sea Grant Program, Univ. Washington.
82. Simenstad CA, Thom RM. 1995. Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) as an invasive halophyte in Pacific Northwest estuaries. Hortus Northwest 6:9-12.
83. Simenstad CA, Thom RM. 1996. Functional equivalency trajectories of the restored Gog-Le-Hi-Te estuarine wetland. Ecol. Appl. 6:38-56.
84. Slater G. 2004. Waterbird monitoring in estuarine habitat of Port Susan Bay and adjacent agricultural lands during fall migration. Mount Vernon, WA: Nature Conservancy, Skagit River Office.
85. Sommer T, Armor C, et al. 2007. The collapse of pelagic fishes in the upper San Francisco estuary. Fisheries 32:270-77.
86. Spicher D, Josselyn M. 1985. Spartina (Gramineae) in Northern California: distribution and taxonomic notes. Madroño 32:158-67.
87. Stralberg D, Herzog MP, et al. 2010. Predicting avian abundance within and across tidal marshes using fine-scale vegetation and geomorphic metrics. Wetlands 30:475-87.
88. Swift CC, Haglund TR, et al. 1993. The status and distribution of the freshwater fishes of Southern California. Bull. South. Calif. Acad. Sci. 92:101-67.
89. Sytsma MD, Cordell JR, et al. 2004. Lower Columbia River aquatic nonindigenous species survey 2001-2004: Final Technical Report. Prepared for the United States Coast Guard and the USFWS. www.clr.pdx.edu/docs/LCRANSFinalReport.pdf.
90. Talley TS , Crooks JA, et al. 2001. Habitat utilization and alteration by the invasive burrowing isopod, Sphaeroma quoyanum, in California salt marshes. Mar. Biol. 138:561-73.
91. Talley TS , Levin LA . 1999. Macrofaunal succession and community structure in Salicornia marshes of Southern California. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 49:713-31.
92. Thom RM. 1990. A review of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) transplanting projects in the Pacific Northwest. Northw. Env. J. 6:121-37.
93. Thom RM. 1992. Accretion rates of low intertidal salt marshes in the Pacific Northwest. Wetlands 12:147-56.
94. Thom RM, Borde AB, et al. 2003. Factors influencing spatial and annual variability in eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) meadows in Willapa Bay, Washington, and Coos Bay, Oregon, estuaries. Estuaries 26:1117-29.
95. Thom RM, Southard SL , et al. 2008. Light requirements for growth and survival of eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) in Pacific Northwest (USA) estuaries. Estuar. Coast. 31:969-80.
96. Thom RM, Williams GW, et al. 2005. Balancing the need to develop coastal areas with the desire for an ecologically functioning coastal environment: is net ecosystem improvement possible? Restor. Ecol. 13:193-203.
97. Thom RM, Zeigler R, et al. 2002. Floristic development patterns in a restored Elk River estuarine marsh, Grays Harbor, Washington. Restor. Ecol. 10:487-96.
98. Tsao DC, Takekawa JY, et al. 2009. Home range, habitat selection, and movements of California black rails at tidal marshes at San Francisco Bay, California. Condor 111:599-610.
99. USFWS. 2010. Salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris) 5-year review: summary and evaluation. Sacramento, CA: USFWS.
100. Vince SW, Snow AA . 1984. Plant zonation in an Alaskan saltmarsh: 1. distribution, abundance and environmental factors. J. Ecol. 72:651-67.
101. Wallace KJ, Callaway JC, et al. 2005. Evolution of tidal creek networks in a high sedimentation environment: a 5-year experiment at Tijuana estuary, California. Estuaries 28:795-811.
102. Weis DA , Callaway JC, et al. 2001. Vertical accretion rates and heavy metal chronologies in wetland sediments of the Tijuana estuary. Estuaries 24:840-50.
103. Whitcraft CR, Levin LA . 2007. Regulation of benthic algal and animal communities by salt marsh plants: impact of shading. Ecology 88:904-17.
104. Williams GD, Desmond JS, et al. 1998. Extension of 2 nonindigenous fishes, Acanthogobius flavimanus and Poecilia latipinna, into San Diego Bay marsh habitats. Calif. Fish Game 84:1-17.
105. Williams GD, Zedler JB. 1999. Fish assemblage composition in constructed and natural tidal marshes of San Diego Bay: relative influence of channel morphology and restoration history. Estuaries 22:702-16.
106. Williams PB, Faber PM. 2001. Salt marsh restoration experience in the San Francisco Bay estuary. J. Coast. Res. SI27:203-11.
107. Yamada SB, Dumbauld BR, et al. 2005. Growth and persistence of a recent invader Carcinus maenas in estuaries of the northeastern Pacific. Biol. Invasions 7:309-21.
108. Zacheis A, Hupp JW, et al. 2001. Effects of migratory geese on plant communities of an Alaskan salt marsh. J. Ecol. 89:57-71.
109. Zedler JB. 1993. Canopy architecture of natural and planted cordgrass marshes: selecting habitat evaluation criteria. Ecol. Appl. 3:123-38.
110. Zedler JB. 1998. Replacing endangered species habitat: the acid test of wetland ecology. In Conservation biology for the coming age, Fiedler PL, Kareiva PM, editors. New York: Chapman and Hall, pp. 364-79. Zedler, JB, editor. 2001. Handbook for restoring tidal wetlands. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
111. Zedler JB, Callaway JC. 1999. Tracking wetland restoration: do mitigation sites follow desired trajectories? Restor. Ecol. 7:69-73.
112. Zedler JB, Callaway JC, et al. 1999. Californian salt marsh vegetation: an improved model of spatial pattern. Ecosystems 2:19-35.
113. Zedler JB, Callaway JC, et al. 2001. Declining biodiversity: why species matter and how their functions might be restored in Californian tidal marshes. Bioscience 51:1005-17.
114. Zedler JB, Nordby CS, et al. 1992. The ecology of Tijuana estuary, California: a National Estuarine Research Reserve. Washington, DC: NOAA Office of Coastal Resource Management, Sanctuaries and Reserves Division.